The madness of the west is ever increasing as anti-Russian hysteria has spread from America to Europe in the wake of the farcical  Skripal affair. The alternative media is under attack, journalists are being slandered, social media is being censored, apathy and ignorance are on the rise. 

The empire is out for blood threatening everyone who dares to resist and endangering the planet with it’s temper tantrums. Soft coups are sweeping Africa while the soft coups that took place in Latin America in places like Brazil, Argentina and Honduras are turning ever harder as President Lula is being locked up and dissent is brutally crushed in Honduras over a stolen election backed by the US. Ukraine is becoming the poster child for the empire of Chaos with the comedic downfall of former Georgian president turned wanted fugitive turned ruler of Odessa Mikhail Sakashvili.

Palestine is on fire as resistance to the brutal apartheid system is being suppressed with murderous glee by the Israelis. Syria has won another stunning victory but the empire has announced it plans to steal a third of the country to create a Kurdish puppet state. America  murdered over 100 SAA heroes in a vicious attack earlier this year February 7 to make this point clear. Now it has staged yet another phony chemical weapons attack as an excuse to launch a cowardly attack on Syria yet again. Thankfully last weeks attack was much less effective as the SAA managed to intercept 71 out of 103 missiles while the people of Syria showed their heroic defiance yet again the next day as they took to the streets to celebrate their victory over America and it’s French and British lackeys.

Israelis gather by Gaza border to watch and cheer as military uses live fire against Palestinians

Before turning to Syria however, I should discuss the event the recent phony chemical weapons attack and failed attack on Syria were designed in part to distract from. Israel’s latest war crime in their endless criminal war on the people of Palestine. Provoked by Mad emperor Trump’s recognition of Jerusalem as Israel’s capital in defiance of the rest of the world but in line with a goal pursued for decades by the powerful Israel lobby. Thousands of Palestinians risked their lives in a massive protest demanding their right of return. As they approached the “borders” of the world’s largest open air prison on April 3 they were met by a hail of gunfire from Israeli snipers that left 17 dead and injured 1,400 people. The monstrous Israeli’s bragged that they knew where every bullet landed relishing their role in a premeditated cold blooded massacre. This massacre of course provoked outrage around the world. Israel has already lost the stranglehold it once held over public opinion and in a panic is passing laws around the world aimed at censoring academics and criminalizing dissent especially calls to boycott their criminal apartheid regime. While one wing of the Neo-cons lead liberals on an endless Russia gate wild goose chase courtesy of Bill Kristol and the alliance to secure democracy, Another wing is rejoicing in having the most pro-Israel president in US history Trump who has turned American foreign policy over to the racist madman John Bolton.

However whatever the machinations of the Israelis and Americans Palestine continues to resist against seemingly hopeless odds. They need the support and solidarity of the rest of the world. Israel has become a giant laboratory for researching the crushing of the human spirit if capitalism and imperialism continue to run rampant by the end of the century most of us will be living like the Palestinians as the planet becomes one giant open air prison designed to protect the haves from the have nots.

Syria has continued to liberate more of it’s territories from NATO’s terrorist death squads. Most recently the suburb of Eastern Ghouta was finally liberated. Ghouta was made famous when terrorists staged a sarin gas attack on children they had kidnapped back in 2013 nearly bringing about the destruction of Syria as Obama was about to launch a massive attack aimed at completely crushing Syria’s defenses and allowing NATO death squads to seize Syria as they had seized Libya two years before. Russia averted this catastrophe with it’s Navy poised to intervene on Syria’s behalf and with a last minute diplomatic deal whereby Syria agreed to give up it’s chemical weapons. Unfortunately NATO and the GCC continued to supply their death squad’s with the materials to make chemical weapons. Even more unfortunately a gullible and amnesiac public seemed to forget all about the fact that Syria no longer had chemical weapons and so the same game has gone on. Mainstream news consumers are the victims of endless psychological warfare and have become completely detached from reality. Thus it is sickening but unsurprising that people were actually willing to believe in this latest attack. The terrorists were in such a rush this time that they didn’t even stage a real attack instead they staged a simulated attack and filmed the results. It has since been debunked but of course no one who actually follows events in Syria via independent media would be fooled into believing this nonsense in the first place.

Ghouta had been under terrorist occupation for years and was the base from where they shelled Syria’s capital City of Damascus targeting schools, hospitals, and marketplaces to terrorize the Syrian people and punish them for remaining loyal to their country. Rumor has it that Ghouta was also being prepared as a staging area for a massive surprise attack on the Capital. This was why Syria shifted it’s attention from liberating southern Idlib from the terrorists and towards Ghouta . Supposedly British special forces were captured while the SAA was liberating the suburb. A chemical weapons factory was also exposed in the process.  More importantly of course tens of thousands were finally allowed to escape from terrorist occupation. The Russians managed to foil a plot to blow up the buses using suicide bombers in a scheme that doubtless would have been blamed on the Syrian government. Finally the SAA managed to liberate the town and were greeted by the cheers of the locals.

Of course every victory for Syria further enrages the empire and it’s allies. Hence the staged chemical weapons attack and the rush to launch an attack before an investigation could expose the fabricated incident. The whole world was kept in a state of suspense as the US and it’s allies massed their forces for an attack and the world was on a dangerous precipice. Thankfully because of the Russian intervention Syria is no longer in the vulnerable position it once was back in 2013. The terrorist death squads have mostly been destroyed or forced to flee to Idlib or other tiny pockets. Syria’s skies are protected by the Russian and Syrian Air forces. Thus instead of a decisive all out attack America, France, and Britain were forced to negotiate behind the scenes to launch a limited attack or risk a Russian response. Even more humiliating for the empire the SAA managed to shoot down 71 out of 103 missiles themselves using 70’s era soviet equipment. It was a victory over the skies of Syria with three once mighty empires defeated by Syria for all the world to see. The next day the people of Syria were out in the streets singing, dancing and celebrating their victory and demonstrating their fierce loyalty  to their country. Has there ever been a people so full of life and courage? Once again Syria has become an inspiration to the world. Friends of Syria the world over share their joy.

Unfortunately not even the mainstream media which specializes in ignoring the Syrian people (Unless they are on the payroll of some CIA funded NGO) could fail to see the defiance of Syria and the empire is already plotting it’s revenge. In fact even as I write Israel has lunched yet another attack on Syria which appears to have also met with failure. Israel of course launched a sneak attack in advance of the main NATO attack last week. Even more dangerous then the next attack is the continued American occupation and attempted theft of northern Syria aimed at Syria’s oil, water and farmland. The war in Syria will go on seemingly endlessly like all America’s wars aimed at causing as much chaos and misery as possible in the world. But the people of Syria, of Yemen, of Palestine will never stop resisting and neither should we.

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Sources

Vanessa Beeley reports on Airstrikes from Damascus

http://21stcenturywire.com/2018/04/15/episode-229-war-by-way-of-deception-in-syria-with-vanessa-beeley-piers-robinson/

South Front on the results of NATO Airstrikes

https://southfront.org/summing-up-results-of-us-uk-france-strike-on-syria-statements-and-speculations/

Elijah Magnier on How the SAA foiled a surprise attack on Damascus by liberating eastern Ghoutha

https://syria360.wordpress.com/2018/04/15/the-us-secret-plan-against-damascus-foiled-russian-role-before-and-after-the-us-uk-france-attack-revealed/

Andre Vltchek on Syrian’s Response to the NATO Attacks

https://journal-neo.org/2018/04/14/voices-of-the-syrian-people/

The March of Return in Palestine

https://libya360.wordpress.com/2018/03/31/the-great-return-march-is-a-popular-referendum-on-palestinian-rights-and-resistance/

World Condemns Gaza Massacre

https://libya360.wordpress.com/2018/04/03/israeli-violence-against-palestinians-causes-global-outrage/

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The Pentagon has spent at least $70 million on military experiments involving tests with deadly viruses and chemical agents at Porton Down – the UK military laboratory near the city of Salisbury. The secretive biological and chemical research facility is located just 13 km from where on 4th  March  former Russian spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia were found slumped on a bench following an alleged Novichok nerve agent poisoning.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

The Porton Down Lab is located just 13 km from the site where Sergei Skripal and his daughter were found and from where they were rushed to hospital.

Information obtained from the US federal contracts registry reveals that the Pentagon’s Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) has funded a number of military projects performed at the UK Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (DSTL), or Porton Down, over the last decade. Among them: experimental respiratory infection of non-human primates (marmosets) with Anthrax, Ebola virus, Marburg virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, Western equine encephalitis virus, and Eastern equine encephalitis virus. The US Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) has also funded experiments on animals which were exposed to chemical agents such as Sulfur Mustard and Phosgene gas. Phosgene gas was used as a chemical weapon during World War I where it was responsible for about 85 % of the 100,000 deaths caused by chemical weapons.

DTRA has also been granted full access to DSTL scientific and technical capabilities, and test data under a 2011 contract for the collaboration and exchange of scientific and technical capabilities with the UK Ministry of Defence.

At least 122,000 animals used for military chemical and biological experiments at Porton Down

Animal experiments are classified as confidential in the UK. Under section 24 of the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986, it is a criminal offence to disclose certain information about animal experiments in the UK.

Data obtained via the Freedom of Information Act though gives an idea of the dimensions of military chemical and biological experiments carried out at Porton Down. A total of 122,050 animals have been exposed to deadly pathogens, chemicals and incurable diseases over the last decade (2005-2016).

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Monkeys being used in warfare agent testing at Porton Down in the past

Animals used include mice, guinea pigs, rats, pigs, ferrets, sheep, and non-human primates. Some of the deadly experiments have been sponsored by the Pentagon under contracts between DSTL and DTRA. Scientists at Porton Down have infected, or poisoned, animals in order to measure time to death and lethal dose of exposure. In practice, the possible use of the researched virus/chemical gas as a weapon.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Marmoset monkeys are experimentally infected at Porton Down with Ebola, Anthrax, Marburg Virus and other deadly pathogens. Scientists measure time to death and lethal dose of exposure to the bio agent. Photo credit: Vic Pigula

Ebola as bioweapon

12 Marmoset monkeys were experimentally infected with the Ebola virus, via aerosol, at Porton Down under a Pentagon-funded project – Experimental respiratory infection of marmosets with Ebola virus Kikwit (the Zaire strain of the Ebola virus which killed more than 245 people in Zaire, now Democratic Republic of Congo, in 1995). The project was part of a $6.3 million DTRA program running at Porton Down from 2012 to 2016 – Development of common marmoset models for category A/B pathogens and product evaluation in marmosets.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Source: Experimental Respiratory Infection of Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) With Ebola Virus Kikwit, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 212, 1 October 2015

The experiment’s stated goal was to measure the lethal dose of exposure and time to death meaning that the Ebola virus Kikwit was researched for its potential as a bioweapon. All infected marmoset monkeys died from 6 to 10 days after exposure to the Ebola virus.

The Pentagon also funded studies on the deadly Marburg virus:  a $2.6 million project – Experimental respiratory Marburg virus haemorrhagic fever infection in the common marmoset, and another $1.4 million project – Marburg virus model development, which were undertaken at Porton Down in 2017. This virus causes viral hemorrhagic fever and is listed as a Category A Bioterrorism Agent. All infected monkeys died from 8 to 10 days. The aim of the studies was to examine the dose and time to death for animals exposed to aerosolized Marburg virus.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Source: Experimental respiratory Marburg virus haemorrhagic fever infection in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), International Journal of Experimental Pathology

Under another $4.8 million project, funded by DTRA, Porton Down scientists along with the Pentagon contractor Mapp Biopharmaceutical tested Susceptibility and lethality of Western Equine Encephalitis Virus in mice when infected by the aerosol route. Mapp Biopharmaceutical is an American pharmaceutical company, which has developed an Ebola vaccine from the tobacco plant. According to the study, aerosol infection is the likely route of exposure to Western Equine Encephalitis Virus in a biowarfare scenario.

12 Marmoset monkeys were infected with anthrax at Porton Down during an experiment funded by the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The study, Experimental respiratory anthrax infection in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), aimed at determining the lethal dose needed to kill 50% of the animals or the so called LD50 indicator. The value of LD50 for a substance is the dose required to kill half the members of the tested population after a specified test duration. Six of the monkeys died from anthrax from 40 to 140 h.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Source: Experimental respiratory anthrax infection in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), US National Library of medicine

Chemical agent tests

British military scientists were funded by DTRA to perform Chemical Agent system testing as part of a $39.7 million Pentagon program (2012-2017) at Porton Down. Documents prove that the US Department of Defense Agency – DTRA funded animal experiments with chemical agents at the secretive British military lab.

In 2016 Porton Down scientists along with their colleagues from the US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense published the results of a joint study Acute Gene Expression Profile of Lung Tissue Following Sulfur Mustard Inhalation Exposure in Large Anesthetized Swine. According to the funding information, this work was supported by two contracts with the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (US Department of Defense). During the experiment at Porton Down 16 pigs were exposed to mustard gas for about 10 minutes, at 12 h post exposure the animals were killed (three of them died during the experiment due to complications) and a full post-mortem examination performed in order to determine the lung damage caused by the sulfur mustard inhalation.

Sulfur mustard  is a chemical warfare agent that was first used on the battlefield in World War I. It has been classified as a Class 1 human carcinogen, meaning that it can also cause cancer. Mustard agents were regulated under the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention as substances with no use other than in chemical warfare.

The last use of Sulfur mustard in battle was confirmed in Syria in 2016. According to the BBC, Islamic State (ISIS) jihadists used mustard gas against government forces in Deir-ez-Zor. The same chemical gas was confirmed to have been used by ISIS against Kurds in Northern Iraq. According to The Independent, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) confirmed that laboratory tests had come back positive for sulfur mustard, after around 35 Kurdish troops fell sick on the battlefield in August 2015.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Iraqi soldiers captured a cache of chemical weapons  from ISIS in Qayarah, Iraq, the rockets tested positive for sulfur mustard, October 2016. (Source: Ed Alexander/BLACKOPS Cyber)

According to information obtained from the US Federal contracts registry, Porton Down scientists 5 months ago completed a $ 2 million military program involving chemical gas experiments on animals. This program was funded by the US Department of the Army on behalf of the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense (USAMRICD) and was launched in 2008 and further extended in 2012. The work on the program included Phosgene Gas tests. Amongst them – Continued Model Development to Establish Reproducible Phosgene Injury at 24 Hours. According to the program documents, the purpose was to monitor the development of acute lung injury following phosgene exposure. Phosgene gas was used extensively as a chemical weapon, most notably during World War I.

Coincidence: Guinea pigs at Porton Down and at the home of the poisoned ex-spy

Tests using nerve agents VX and VM on guinea pigs were  carried out at Porton Down in 2015. The project was funded by the UK Ministry of Defence. Interestingly, guinea pigs were also found at Sergei Skripal’s home in Salisbury, just a few kilometers away from the secretive chemical and biological military lab. A photo of the Skripals’ pets – a cat and guinea pigs, was posted by his daughter Yulia on Facebook.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia, photos: Facebook

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Guinea pigs were found in the house of the poisoned ex-spy in Salisbury, just a few kilometers away from Porton Down, where such guinea pigs were used for nerve agent chemical tests.

In a 2015 report to the UK parliament the UK Ministry of Defence does confirm the use of animals for military chemical and biological experiments. The ministry states: “DSTL is proud to deliver cutting-edge science and technology for the benefit of national defence and security. Part of its work is to provide safe and effective countermeasures against the threat posed by chemical and biological weapons and to enhance the treatment of conventional casualties on the battlefield, which could not currently be achieved without the use of animals”.

Porton Down scientists test chemical gas on London Tube passengers

Chemical gas was released on thousands of unsuspecting commuters during a military experiment on the London Underground, documents reveal. These chemical tests were performed in 2013 by scientist from Porton Down.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Porton Down scientists released chemical gas on the London Underground in 2013.

The UK government never informed the British public of the military experiment on the London Underground. Thousands of people were exposed to chemical gas without their knowledge. Nor did the Ministry of Defence ask for their consent to participate in such military experiments. Information about the project can be obtained from a 2016 US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) document entitled Environmental Assessment of Proposed NYC Subway Tracer Particle and Gas Releases for the Underground Transport Restoration Project.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

5 PFTs, SF6 and Urea were released on the London Underground in 2013 in the form of liquid aerosol droplets. Source: US Department of Homeland Security (DHS)

The document provides information about other programs running in the USA and UK from 2005 to 2016. Among them are the London Underground chemical trials. They were conducted by the Defense Science and Technology Laboratory (DSTL), also known as Porton Down.

Information obtained from the UK government contracts registry confirms that Porton Down scientists conducted a study involving access to the London tube under a 3-year contract with the London Underground (2011-2014). The content of the project is not specified though.

According to the contract documents, the London Underground cannot communicate “on these matters with any media representative unless specifically granted permissions to do so. In the event that the Contract becomes classified the Contractor must safeguard information. Before publishing information to the general public, Porton Down may redact any information that would be exempt from disclosure if it was the subject of a request for information under the Freedom of Information Act”.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

The London Underground is prohibited from public disclosure of information about the Porton Down project without permission, according to the contract documents. Source: data.gov.uk

The controversial military laboratory was investigated for chemical and biological experiments on humans in the past. Up to 20,000 people took part in various trials from 1949 to 1989. In 2008, the UK Ministry of Defence paid 360 veterans £3 million without admitting liability.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Ronald George Maddison  was a twenty-year-old Royal Air Force engineer who died while undergoing tests with sarin at Porton Down in 1953,  according to declassified military documents.

Powder dissemination of chemical or biological agents

Presently Porton Down scientists produce and test dissemination of biological and/or chemical agents as they did in the past, documents from the UK government contracts registry reveal. Although the information is redacted, it still raises questions as to why the UK military needs to develop a new technique for dissemination of chemical or biological agents via the inhalational route. A private contractor – Red Scientific Ltd, was awarded a £50,000 contract in 2012 “to explore techniques that could be used to manipulate the flow ability of dry powders, principally to understand the delivery of solid particulate by inhalation, and to apply a variety of innovative powder manipulation techniques to a specific irritant powder (provided by DSTL)”.  If the work in 2012/13 proves to be successful there is potential for a second phase to be pursued in 2013/14 examining other powder materials with the same techniques, the contract documents reveal.  The project’s stated goal is marked improvement in the efficiency of aerosolisation over current techniques used at DSTL.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

DSTL has awarded a private contractor to explore more advanced techniques for powder dissemination of chemical/biological agents. Source: data.gov.uk

DSTL has also tested dissemination techniques in wind tunnels. A private company – NIAB Trading Ltd, was awarded a £12,020 contract to provide facilities and expertise to assist with wind tunnel assessments.

Such experiments involving the release of bacteria were conducted in the UK in the past during the joint UK-US military operation DICE. A declassified US Army document reveals that a series of 24 field trials took place off the coast of Portland and in Lyme Bay in the UK in 1975. Each field trial involved the spraying of massive bacterial aerosols from a converted Land Rover. Although the US and UK joined the UN Conventions on the prohibition of chemical and biological weapons, documents prove that their military programs have never ended.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Porton Down scientists conducted field tests in 1956. The masks on their faces allowed the collection of warfare simulants which had been sprayed from aircraft. Photo credit: Imperial War Museums

US official lied in Brussels about the Pentagon biolaboratories

Robert Kadlec, Assistant Secretary at the US Department of Health, categorically denied the existence of an American bio-weapons program at a seminar on the threat of biological and chemical weapons. The event was organized by the European Parliament on 7th March in Brussels. Asked why the information about the US military bio-laboratories in 25 countries bordering on Russia, China and Iran (the Pentagon’s main rivals) is classified, Kadlec responded: “They are not classified, they are openly available to anyone who wants to look at them.”

(full video of Robert Kadlec’s comment here)

Documents about the Pentagon offshore bio-laboratories prove him wrong though.

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

Salisbury Nerve Agent Attack Reveals $70 Million Pentagon Program At Porton Down

According to the 2005 Agreement between the US DoD and the Ministry of Health of Ukraine the Ukrainian government is prohibited from public disclosure of sensitive information about the US program. The Pentagon has been operating 11 biolaboartories in Ukraine.

Porton Down is just one of the Pentagon-funded military laboratories in 25 countries across the world, where the US Army produces and tests man-made viruses, bacteria and toxins in direct violation of the UN convention. These US bio-laboratories are funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under a $ 2.1 billion military program– Cooperative Biological Engagement Program (CBEP), and are located in former Soviet Union countries such as Georgia and Ukraine, the Middle East, South East Asia and Africa.

The Pentagon-funded military facilities are not under the direct control of the host state as the US military and civilian personnel is working under diplomatic cover. The local governments are prohibited from public disclosure of sensitive information about the foreign military program running on their own territory. Without being under the direct control of the host state, these Pentagon bio-laboratories put the health of the local population at risk and must be closed.

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Dilyana Gaytandzhieva is a Bulgarian investigative journalist and Middle East Correspondent. Over the last two years she has published a series of revealing reports on weapons smuggling.

The United States government has once again shamelessly violated international law. There was no legal or moral justification for launching more than a 100 missile strikes against so-called chemical weapons’ sites in Syria on the 14th of April 2018. Unlike the last strike targeting a single airfield in April 2017 which was also in retaliation for President Bashar Assad’s alleged use of sarin gas against civilians, the US was joined in its assault this time by its allies, Britain and France.The three Western powers claimed that they had strong evidence that the Assad government had again employed chemical weapons in Douma on the 7th of April, killing scores of civilians, including children.

If the evidence was so compelling, why didn’t the US President present it to the US Congress and seek its endorsement for military action, as required by law? Why didn’t the British Prime Minister seek approval from her Parliament, instead of getting a Cabinet cabal to endorse her war plan? The French President also erred in this respect. One could go further and ask why Washington did not share the evidence it had with Moscow, Syria’s staunchest protector?  Or, with other members of the UN Security Council, apart from Britain and France?

Is it because the so-called evidence was obtained from dubious sources — such as the terrorist group, Jaish al- Islam which was fighting the Assad government and in control of parts of Doumaon the 7th of April? Were the White Helmets, a fake civil defence outfit established by British intelligence and funded by both Britain and the US yet another supplier of ‘evidence’? Or as it has happened on numerous occasions in the past, was the ‘evidence’ generated by  Mossad, Israel’s intelligence network, in pursuit of its own nefarious agenda ?

The source or sources of evidence of Assad’s alleged use of chemical weapons is an issue that has to be explored thoroughly for an obvious reason. Since the beginning of the war in Syria in 2011, there have been at least half a dozen alleged episodes of Assad resorting to chemical weapons in order to eliminate his adversaries which after independent investigations have turned out to be false flag operations or gross distortions of what had really occurred. In fact, some analysts are of the view that a terrorist group had stage managed the 7th April Douma episode and then put the blame upon the Syrian government to justify foreign intervention. Ghouta in 2013 was also a false flag operation, according to the celebrated investigative journalist, Seymour Hersh. Let’s not forget that Syria’s neighbourhood has witnessed some major false flag operations including that monstrous lie about Saddam Hussein’s ‘Weapons of Mass Destruction’ in 2002-3.

What lends credence to this view about fabricating evidence and false flag operations is the actual situation on the ground. Why should Assad employ chemical weapons when he is on the cusp of total victory over his terrorist opponents and other militants? How does it benefit him? Why should he deliberately elicit the wrath of people everywhere when he is already in a position of strength? Besides, he had surrendered his arsenal of chemical weapons to the UN affiliated Dutch based Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) in 2013. This was verified by the OPCW. It was also the OPCW that established some time ago that one of the three facilities destroyed by Western missiles on the 14th of April was in fact a civilian pharmaceutical and chemical research centre manufacturing among other things drugs for cancer treatment necessitated by the embargo imposed upon Syria.

With all this as the backdrop, one is not surprised that the US and its allies chose to attack Syria on the eve of the visit of the OPCW to Douma to verify whether, and what type of, chemical weapons were used on the 7th of April. Were the aggressors afraid that the truth about the 7th April episode would expose them? Was the attack a move meant to render the OPCW investigation academic?

Given these and a multitude of other questions hanging over the allegation about Assad’s chemical weapons, why were the US and its allies in such a hurry to strike Syria? Before we attempt to answer that question, we must understand that the US and Israel have for decades regarded Syria, together with Iran and the Hezbollah, as the unyielding obstacle to their persistent drive to dominate and control the region. To put it in another language, Syria, Iran and Hezbollah constitute the triumvirate of resistance to the US-Israel Agenda of Hegemony over West Asia and North Africa (WANA). Israel in particular seeks to curtail and if possible crush each of the three for similar and dissimilar reasons. Since our concern is with Syria we shall examine why the leadership of that country is in Israel’s radar.

For Israel, control over Syria’s Golan Heights is vital for its security. Israel’s notion of security is defined by its ability to control and dominate its neighbours such as Syria and Lebanon. The Golan Heights which Israel captured in the 1967 War was formally annexed on 14 December 1981. It is important to note that it supplies water to Israel and contains oil, gas and minerals.  With annexation, Israel asserted its perpetual sovereignty over Golan which to this day international law recognises as part of Syria. To translate its illegal annexation into political reality, Israel has for a number of years sought to oust the independent minded government in Damascus and replace it with a puppet regime. It saw the uprising that broke out in March 2011 in a small township in Syria as an opportunity and backed the rebels. Very soon, the rebels were joined by militants, many of whom were linked to various terrorist outfits. These terrorist outfits such as Al-Qaeda were financed by countries in the region and trained and equipped by groups in WANA and from Europe and the US. It is not widely known for instance that Israel itself has provided arms to seven different terror groups in Syria.

By the middle of 2015, Israel and other supporters of these groups within WANA such as Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Turkey and those outside the region such as the US, Britain and France, were confident that they would be able to oust Bashar Assad, based upon the vast swathes of land and resources that the anti-Assad forces had seized. Realising that its longstanding ally in WANA was in mortal danger, Russia decided to intervene militarily in September 2015. It fortified the Syrian Army, and with the assistance of Hezbollah and Iranian advisers and militias, Russia intensified the fight against terrorist groups in Syria. Within 20 months it was obvious that the tide had changed. The Bashar government, buttressed by Russia, had regained control of most of Syria by the last quarter of 2017. Douma was in a sense one of the last footholds of one of the terrorist groups. With defeat staring in the face of not only the terrorists but also Israel, some other regional players and of course the US and its allies, the latter decided hastily to strike against Syria on the 14th of April.

Defeat in Syria is more than defeat in one Arab state. It portends a significant shift in the power balance in the entire region. Russia may well emerge as the pivot of this change with crucial roles for Iran and Syria and other players. It is a scenario that is totally unacceptable to the US and its allies like Britain and France. Incidentally, all three at various points in the present and the past have been imperialist powers in the region.

It is not a coincidence that in all these three countries, Israel and Zionism exercise inordinate influence. Israel has always viewed the US and to a lesser extent Britain and France as the protectors of a power structure in WANA that guarantees its own regional hegemony. It is because Israel and its protectors are now uncertain about their dominance that they have chosen to flex their muscles.

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Dr. Chandra Muzaffar is the President of the International Movement for a Just World (JUST). He is a frequent contributor to Global Research.

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Timeline of CIA Interventions in Syria

April 17th, 2018 by Michael S. Rozeff

Understanding the US led war on Syria. It started in the late 1940s. This article was first published by Lew Rockwell and Global Research in October 2015

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This partial timeline provides evidence that the U.S. government and Obama in particular bear a significant responsibility for the Syrian war and the results of that war. Obama approved elements of CIA plans that go back over 65 years. The CIA meddling is distinct from the Pentagon’s failed plan to train “moderate rebels”, not covered in this timeline.

1940s and 1950s “…if you want to understand the origins of authoritarian rule in Syria today, it is important to go back to the 1940s and the 1950s and see the role the CIA played in that land.” See also here, p. 122: “In the late 1940’s, U.S. policymakers grew alarmed when the Syrian government, bowing to public pressure, refused to let a U.S. oil company build a pipeline through its territory. Washington also found the strong anti-Western sentiment and the large Communist party in the country ominous. Concerned that Syria was ‘drifting leftward’, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) laid plans to overthrow its three-year old civilian government.” CIA operatives met with right-wing military leaders in Damascus to discuss installing a “military-supported dictatorship”.

1947-1948 CIA attempts “to influence the 1947-8 elections by backing right-wing figures in the Nationalist Party…”

March, 1949 CIA sponsors Syrian coup d’etat; CIA directly involved.

1957 CIA and MI6 devise plan to assassinate 3 top Syrian leaders and overthrow the government. “…they planned to use agents provocateurs to launch a series of incidents.” “A ‘Free Syria Committee’ should be funded and ‘political factions with paramilitary or other actionist capabilities’ in Syria should be armed.” [Does this sound familiar?] See also here.

2006-2011 Prior to the onset of the Syrian war, the U.S. stirs up opposition to Syrian government (Assad). An April 18, 2011 article reads “Newly released WikiLeaks cables reveal that the US State Department has been secretly financing Syrian opposition groups and other opposition projects for at least five years, The Washington Post reports.”

March 2011 Daraa violence launches Syrian war. “The Daraa ‘protest movement’ on March 17-18 had all the appearances of a staged event involving covert support to Islamic terrorists by Mossad and/or Western intelligence.” “In Daraa, roof top snipers were targeting both police and demonstrators.” [Notice that this technique also occurred in the Kiev, Ukraine violence.] See also here.

August 18, 2011 Obama says Assad must go. “President Obama and European leaders called Thursday for Syrian President Bashar al-Assad to resign, after months of his violent crackdown on protesters. The rhetorical escalation was backed by new U.S. sanctions designed to undermine Assad’s ability to finance his military operation.”

August 1, 2012 “Obama authorizes secret support for Syrian rebels”. “The full extent of clandestine support that agencies like the CIA might be providing also is unclear.”

October 2, 2013 “The CIA is expanding a clandestine effort to train opposition fighters in Syria amid concern that moderate, U.S.-backed militias are rapidly losing ground in the country’s civil war, U.S. officials said.” “The pace of the CIA program amounts to a trickle into the ranks of opposition fighters, who total about 100,000. U.S. intelligence officials said that as many as 20,000 of those are considered ‘extremists’ with militant Islamist agendas.”

“Those hard-line factions have drained momentum and support from moderate rebel groups. The most prominent Islamist groups, the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and Jabhat al-Nusra, include fighters who have extensive experience from the war in Iraq, have ties to al-Qaeda and have carried out high-profile strikes against Assad’s government.”

April 23, 2014 “The U.S. is providing more arms and training to the moderate rebels in Syria, under a growing secret program run by the CIA in Jordan.” “Skeptics doubt the U.S. effort will help much, given the weakened state of the opposition and the inroads made by al-Qaida fighters. The moderate fighters being supported currently have relatively little influence on the ground.”

Oct. 2, 2015 “The CIA has provided the thousands of fighters it has trained at secret bases in Jordan with communications equipment, intelligence support and arms, including antitank missiles. Those CIA-backed fighters reentered Syria across that country’s southern border with Jordan, but many have made their way into units that are now arrayed north and east of Damascus — areas that have been pounded by Russian strikes over the past several days.”

In my opinion, the most serious U.S. meddling is what the Wikileaks cables reveal, which is the State Department’s organization of domestic opposition to its elected government. This provoked the revolution that started in Daraa, and that provided an opening for radical and armed Muslim elements to enter the battle. Next in importance is Obama’s position that Assad must go, because this guides the entry of the CIA and Pentagon into the war while committing the U.S. to a politically untenable and impossible course of attempting to reconstitute a new government among radical and rival forces if and when Assad falls or rebel forces gain control. Undetermined but significant amounts of arms and training have ended up flowing to ISIS and other radical groups that the U.S. cannot control, and these forces can’t be dislodged without bigger military commitments by the U.S. Neither the CIA’s activities nor the Pentagon’s failed training program have resulted in control over the battlefield or those groups, which have expanded control over Syrian territory.

Why did Obama intervene in Syria? There are four main reasons and they are not mutually exclusive. One reason is “democracy promotion”. This appears again and again in his rhetoric and that of the State department, where “democracy” is taken to mean “rights” among other things. Obama viewed Assad as standing in the way of the Syrian people. Obama’s intention to bomb Syria when he accused Assad of using chemical weapons brought out a version of this position in his concern for violations of international law. Obama has an idea of world order and the U.S. role in enforcing it. Obama’s position on the Arab Spring also showed this democracy promotion concern. The second reason is to thwart Iran in order to maintain U.S. dominance in the region. Related to this is U.S. support for Saudi Arabia and Gulf states who have also supported rebel elements in Syria as well as support for Turkey. The U.S. leads a coalition. The third reason is Israel’s influence in administration circles and on Capitol Hill. The fourth reason is to thwart Russia’s influence in Syria and deny it access to the Mediterranean. This appears to have backfired.

These are all reasons associated with Empire. Maintaining and extending the U.S. Empire is the dominant underlying and unquestioned assumption in all of this and in all of the meddling going on in other countries. It is the idea that American ways are superior and should be extended over the globe to create some kind of world order that’s in some sense vaguely utopian or reaches a kind of ever-progressing ascent to God only knows what. There is no real benefit to us average everyday Americans from any of this government meddling in Syria. We can ascend on our own. We can progress or regress on our own, without such interference. We do not need to bring down Assad and replace him with phantom moderates of the choosing of the State Department, the CIA or a president. We can invent, paint, write and play music, plant and cultivate crops, build dwellings, travel, participate in sports, take recreational drugs, have sex, play computer games, write poetry and do innumerable other activities without notions of empire, foreign meddling, or even progress. Who is to say what anyone is to do but themselves?

Why would I or many sane Americans want to bother with who rules Syria or how they rule it? It’s not my province. It’s none of my business. How in the world can I know whether I’m doing any good if I decide to butt in?

The government doesn’t think this way. It’s composed of people who want to meddle and run for office for that very reason. They are arrogant enough to think that they know what’s good for everyone when they don’t know diddly-squat. Who are they but pompous babbling fools? The CIA attracts smart people who love to work by schemes and subterfuges behind the scenes. These are power freaks who love playing byzantine games and relish manipulations. Why should any sane American want to allow these kinds of people to have access to ungodly amounts of money and power that they waste on their futile and very dangerous schemes that kill, maim and destroy?

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An increasing number of voices are being heard demanding that Britain apologize for the unprecedented witch hunt being conducted against Russia under the utterly false pretext of the “Skripal incident.” However, Russian President Vladimir Putin has bluntly stated:

“We do not hope for anything other than for common sense to eventually prevail and for international relations to avoid the setbacks we have seen recently.”

It is clear that on an official level Moscow is not going to dig in its heels and demand an apology from London as a prerequisite for the resumption of communication, although that sort of dialog would be possible with the leaders of other countries. For example, in November 2015, after the Turkish air force shot down a Russian jet, the Kremlin held Ankara accountable by cutting off not only all top-level contacts, but also the Russian-Turkish relationship in its entirety. Only Turkish President Recep Erdoğan’s letter of apology nine months later to Russian President Vladimir Putin resuscitated that relationship.

Why is it impossible to have a dialog like that — direct and open, albeit unflinching — with the British government?

Because the Anglo-Saxon elite that has ruled Britain and half of the world for the last three centuries sees itself as a special caste entitled to special rights. They have never been in the habit of apologizing to anyone.

Actually, they enjoy quite a long history of feeding their own people to sheep. The enclosures erected in the English countryside in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries were at their heart a means of forcibly depriving the English peasantry of their access to arable land, which was then turned over to big sheep farms. Tens of thousands of people were driven from what had been common land to become vagabonds and beggars. Many perished from hunger and disease. But instead of doing battle against the poverty it had created, the government battled against the poor themselves. Specially drafted laws against vagrancy demanded that those who fell afoul be cruelly beaten, enslaved, and executed. Seventy-two thousand people were put to death in England in just the first half of the 16th century.

Image on the right: King Henry VIII

King Henry VIII

Likely this treatment of their own population can be explained by the fact that peasants in England belonged to an entirely different ethnic group than that of the aristocracy, who were descended from the Norman army that conquered that island in the 11th century and also the Saxon nobility, which later emerged as the ruling dynasties. The Anglo-Saxon elite developed not just a contemptuous, but a downright racist attitude towards their subjects, elevating themselves into a special caste with a special law of morality.

The genocide of the Irish, which the English carried out for centuries, certainly deserves special mention. When Oliver Cromwells troops invaded Ireland in 1649 that was only one of the most egregious episodes from that history. Over 40% of the Irish population died as a result of that campaign.

In the 17th century — the early days of Britain’s growing maritime and colonial empire — London began a pattern of horrifying abuse of the indigenous populations of its conquered countries, almost to the point of their physical extermination. The British aristocracy considered the native peoples of the Americas, India, Africa, and China all to be races of a lower order. No rules or laws protected them.

Millions of members of the aboriginal communities were butchered in the English colonies in North America, Asia, Africa, and Australia. The mass slaughter of aborigines raised no more eyebrows than did hunting. In Tasmania in 1830, British soldiers orchestrated a massacre of native inhabitants who had the effrontery to be “bad-mannered.” First they gunned down the men and then beat the women and children to death.

In the 1950s, reacting to what is known as the Mau Mau Uprising waged by the natives of Kenya against the English regime to protest their seizures of land from the indigenous inhabitants, the British massacred about 300,000 Africans and drove another 1.5 million into concentration camps. It is worth noting that the world’s first concentration camps were established in South Africa by Britain’s Lord Herbert Kitchener to imprison Boer families during the Second Boer War of 1899-1902.

London’s predatory colonial policies often created genuine humanitarian disasters in the countries under British occupation. In India, tens of millions died from mass starvation, which became a commonplace event under British rule. The British attitude toward it all was eloquently expressed by Sir Winston Churchill himself, who in 1943 had this to say about the famine in Bengal:

“I hate Indians. They are a beastly people with a beastly religion. The famine was their own fault for breeding like rabbits.”

1876-1879 Famine in India

British government continued its policy of “forced export” of food from India in 1876-1879, while the famine swept among its people. Estimated 10.3 million people starved to death most of which were in South India.

In the 19th century, London began a brisk trade of selling opium to China, making huge profits while simultaneously undermining Chinese society and government. In an attempt to rescue his country, the Chinese emperor began to seize and destroy those caches of opium in 1839. London reacted by launching a war in which China was defeated and forced to accept the crippling terms offered by the British state-sponsored drug mafia. The British elite, including the British royal family, made a fortune off of this. But China paid a horrifying price — entire generations perished in a narcotic haze that mentally and physically degraded the Chinese people. However, London’s official narrative would have us believe that the opium wars laid the foundation for the development of democracy in China.

Do you think that London ever apologized to the Chinese for the opium wars or for its policy of doping up their native population? Even in 1997 when Hong Kong was returned to China? On the contrary — in his private correspondence, which was later leaked to the press, Prince Charles referred to China’s leaders at that time as “appalling old waxworks.”

One would have to be very naive to expect an apology from the British elite. The former Labour PM, Tony Blair, who orchestrated the Iraq War along with George W. Bush, never apologized for the invasion of that country in 2003. He never said he was sorry even after it had been proven that Baghdad possessed no weapons of mass destruction, which had been the pretext for the attack by the Western coalition. When, after many years of trying to bring Blair to justice, he finally did express his regrets, it was only for “some mistakes he made in planning the conflict … and its aftermath,” but never for having deliberately exaggerated the intelligence findings in order to unleash a war that ultimately destroyed Iraq and resulted in chaos, terror, and hundreds of thousands of dead.

Of course, some decent and honorable people have always been part of British political circles. It’s just that as a rule the “free” British press tries to turn them into whipping boys or mad hatters or to dismiss them using that handy label of “odd man out.”

Jeremy Corbyn (image on the left) is one member of the British elite who fits that bill today.

The fact that he is now the leader of the linchpin of the opposition, the Labor Party, which has outstripped the ruling Conservatives in popularity, is a unique situation that reflects the deep crisis into which British politics has stumbled. His success was as big a surprise for the British elite as Donald Trump’s rise to power was for their American counterparts.

The fact that Corbyn currently only holds the reins of power in his own party and would have to win the parliamentary elections at a minimum in order to take the helm of his country is another issue. If the Brexit talks become deadlocked or Parliament votes down the agreement that May’s cabinet will have to sign this year with the European Union, Great Britain may be looking at a snap election. And at that point, the Corbyn-led Labour Party has a chance of winning.

That is why we have seen such aggressive attempts to depose this political figure. One of those attacks “oddly enough” coincided with Corbyn’s statement on the “Skripal incident.” While supporting May’s position against Russia, Corbyn also raised the question of whether there was any real proof of Russian fingerprints. Soon the press began a campaign to accuse Corbyn of … anti-Semitism.

Jeremy Corbyn might well become the prime minister of Great Britain — and then one British political tradition could be shattered. Because then the whole world would have to deal with someone who is not a representative of the usual British elite, reflecting the interests of an extremely limited stratum of society, but rather the foremost representative of his country, a man who has the support of a majority of its citizens, a man of honor who is ready to reliably defend their interests and respect his nation’s partners in international discourse.

Vietnam Locks Up US-funded Agitators

April 17th, 2018 by Joseph Thomas

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Fascistic Politics in India and the Left

April 17th, 2018 by Raju Das

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SYRIA: NATO’s Next “Humanitarian” War?

April 17th, 2018 by Prof Michel Chossudovsky

This text by Michel Chossudovsky together with the selection of articles was published in February 2012, less than a year after the onslaught of the War on Syria in mid-March 2011.

Chossudovsky dispels the political consensus prevailing in 2011-2012 that the conflict in Syria was initially a protest movement which eventually developed into a civil war.

“The “protests” did not emanate from internal political cleavages as described by the mainstream media. From the very outset, they were the result of  a covert US-NATO intelligence operation geared towards triggering social chaos, with a view to eventually discrediting the Syrian government of Bashar Al Assad and destabilizing Syria as a Nation State.”

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This I-Book was originally published in February 2012.

 

GLOBAL RESEARCH ONLINE INTERACTIVE READER SERIES

GR I-BOOK No.  3

SYRIA: NATO’s Next “Humanitarian” War?


Michel Chossudovsky (Editor)

February 2012 (updated June 2012)

 

The Global Research’s Online Interactive I-Book Reader, brings together, in the form of chapters, a collection of Global Research feature articles, including debate and analysis, on a broad theme or subject matter.  To consult our Online Interactive I-Book Reader Series, click here.

NOTE TO READERS:

This I-Book was completed in February 2012. It was was updated (June 15, 2012) with additional articles, largely pertaining to the killings of civilians by the US-NATO sponsored Free Syrian Army (FSA). These killings and atrocities perpetrated by US-NATO sponsored death squads are casually blamed on the government with a view to justifying an R2P military intervention. 

Additions to the initial February 2012 edition of this I-Book consists of Part VI entitled War Propaganda and the Killing of Innocent Civilians. Other additions are indicated with an [*]

The edition of this I-Book published on Global Research’s earlier website had more than 330,000 views.

This collection is intended to provide a historical background of the US-NATO led insurgency from its inception in March 2011. For the most recent Global Research analysis and news reports on Syria, including ongoing war preparations, consult our dossier: SYRIA: NATO’S NEXT WAR


INTRODUCTION

“In order to facilitate the action of liberative (sic) forces, …a special effort should be made to eliminate certain key individuals. …[to] be accomplished early in the course of the uprising and intervention, …

Once a political decision has been reached to proceed with internal disturbances in Syria, CIA is prepared, and SIS (MI6) will attempt to mount minor sabotage and coup de main (sic) incidents within Syria, working through contacts with individuals. …Incidents should not be concentrated in Damascus …

Further : a “necessary degree of fear .. frontier incidents and (staged) border clashes”, would “provide a pretext for intervention… the CIA and SIS [MI6] should use … capabilities in both psychological and action fields to augment tension.”(Joint US-UK leaked Intelligence Document, London and Washington, 1957)

In this online interactive I-book, we bring to the attention of our readers a selection of feature articles on the Syrian crisis.

Our objective is to dispel the tide of media lies and government propaganda, which presents the events in Syria as a “peaceful protest movement”.

The “protests” did not emanate from internal political cleavages as described by the mainstream media. From the very outset, they were the result of  a covert US-NATO intelligence operation geared towards triggering social chaos, with a view to eventually discrediting the Syrian government of Bashar Al Assad and destabilizing Syria as a Nation State.

Since the middle of March 2011, Islamist armed groups –covertly supported by Western and Israeli intelligence– have conducted terrorist attacks directed against government buildings including acts of arson. Amply documented, trained gunmen and snipers including mercenaries have targeted the police, armed forces as well as innocent civilians. There is ample evidence, as outlined in the Arab League Observer Mission report, that these armed groups of mercenaries are responsible for killing civilians.

While the Syrian government and military bear a heavy burden of responsibility. it is important to underscore the fact that these terrorist acts –including the indiscriminate killing of men, women and children– are part of a US-NATO-Israeli initiative, which consists is supporting, training and financing  “an armed entity” operating inside Syria. 

The evidence confirms that foreign intelligence operatives, according to reports, have integrated rebel ranks:

“As the unrest and killings escalate in the troubled Arab state, agents from MI6 and the CIA are already in Syria assessing the situation, a security official has revealed. Special forces are also talking to Syrian dissident soldiers. They want to know about weapons and communications kit rebel forces will need if the Government decides to help.

“MI6 and the CIA are in Syria to infiltrate and get at the truth,” said the well-placed source. “We have SAS and SBS not far away who want to know what is happening and are finding out what kit dissident soldiers need.” Syria will be bloodiest yet, Daily Star). (emphasis added)

The Free Syrian Army (FSA) is a creation of the US and NATO. The objective of this armed insurrection is to trigger the response of the police and armed forces, including the deployment of tanks and armored vehicles with a view to eventually justifying a  military intervention, under NATO’s  “responsibility to protect” mandate.

A NATO-led intervention is on the drawing board. It was drafted prior to the onset of the protest movement in March 2011. According to military and intelligence sources, NATO, Turkey and Saudi Arabia have been discussing “the form this intervention would take”.

US, British and Turkish operatives are supplying the rebels with weapons. Britain’s Ministry of Defence confirms that it “is drawing up secret plans for a NATO-sponsored no-fly zone [in coordination with its allies] “but first it needs backing from the United Nations Security Council.” (Syria will be bloodiest yet, Daily Star). According to these secret plans: “fighting in Syria could be bigger and bloodier than the battle against Gaddafi”.(Ibid ).

A “humanitarian” military intervention modeled on Libya is contemplated. NATO Special Forces from Britain, France, Qatar and Turkey are already on the ground inside Syria in blatant violation of international law. Reports from British military sources (November 2011) confirm that:

British Special forces have met up with members of the Free Syrian Army (FSA)… The apparent goal of this initial contact was to establish the rebel forces’ strength and to pave the way for any future training operations. … More recent reports have stated that British and French Special Forces have been actively training members of the FSA, from a base in Turkey. Some reports indicate that training is also taking place in locations in Libya and Northern Lebanon. British MI6 operatives and UKSF (SAS/SBS) personnel have reportedly been training the rebels in urban warfare as well as supplying them with arms and equipment. US CIA operatives and special forces are believed to be providing communications assistance to the rebels.” Elite Forces UK, January 5, 2012 (emphasis added)


The Social and Political Context in Syria

There is certainly cause for social unrest and mass protest in Syria: unemployment has increased in recent years, social conditions have deteriorated, particularly since the adoption in 2006 of sweeping economic reforms under IMF guidance. The later include austerity measures, a freeze on wages, the deregulation of the financial system, trade reform and privatization. (See IMF Syrian Arab Republic — IMF Article IV Consultation Mission’s Concluding Statement,  2006).

Moreover, there are serious divisions within the government and the military. The populist policy framework of the Baath party has largely been eroded. A faction within the ruling political establishment has embraced the neoliberal agenda. In turn, the adoption of IMF “economic medicine” has served to enrich the ruling economic elite. Pro-US factions have also developed within the upper echelons of the Syrian military and intelligence.

But the “pro-democracy” movement integrated by Islamists and supported by NATO and the “international community” did not emanate from the mainstay of Syrian civil society.

The wave of violent protests represents a very small fraction of Syrian public opinion. They are terrorist acts of a sectarian nature. They do not in any way address the broader issues of social inequality, civil rights and unemployment.

The majority of Syria’s population (including the opponents of  the Al Assad government) do not support the “protest movement” which is characterised by an armed insurgency. In fact quite the opposite.

Ironically, despite its authoritarian nature, there is considerable popular support for the government of President Bashar Al Assad, which is confirmed by the large pro-government rallies.

Syria constitutes the only (remaining) independent secular state in the Arab world. Its populist, anti-Imperialist and secular base is inherited from the dominant Baath party, which integrates Muslims, Christians and Druze. It supports the struggle of the Palestinian people.

The objective of the US-NATO alliance is to ultimately displace and destroy the Syrian secular State, displace or co-opt the national economic elites  and eventually replace the Syrian government of Bashar Al Assad with an Arab sheikdom, a pro-US Islamic republic or a compliant pro-US “democracy”.

Pro-government rally, Damascus, March 2011

The Insurgency: The Libya Model

The insurgency in Syria has similar features to that of Libya: it is integrated by paramilitary brigades affiliated to Al Qaeda, which are directly supported by NATO and Turkey.

Reports confirm that NATO and Turkey’s High Command are providing the rebels with weapons and training: “NATO strategists are thinking more in terms of pouring large quantities of anti-tank and anti-air rockets, mortars and heavy machine guns into the protest centers for beating back the government armored forces.” (DEBKAfile, NATO to give rebels anti-tank weapons, August 14, 2011)

Military sources also confirm that Syrian rebels “have been training in the use of the new weapons with Turkish military officers at makeshift installations in Turkish bases near the Syrian border.” (DEBKAfile, Ibid).  Recent reports confirm that British and Qatari Special forces are on the ground in the city of Homs, involved in training rebel forces as well as organizing the supply of weapons in liaison with the Turkish military.

As in the case of Libya, financial support is being channelled to the Syrian rebel forces by Saudi Arabia: “Ankara and Riyadh will provide the anti-Assad movements with large quantities of weapons and funds to be smuggled in from outside Syria” (Ibid). The deployment of Saudi and GCC troops is also contemplated in Southern Syria in coordination with Turkey (Ibid).

NATO’s activities are not limited to training and the delivery of weapons systems, the recruitment of thousands of “freedom fighters”` is also envisaged, reminiscent of  the enlistment of  Mujahideen to wage the CIA’s jihad (holy war) in the heyday of the Soviet-Afghan war:

This recruitment of Mujahideen was part of NATO`s strategy in Libya, where mercenary forces were dispatched to fight under the helm of “former” Libya Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG) Commander  Abdel Hakim  Belhadj.

The Libyan model of rebel forces integrated by “Islamic brigades” together with NATO special forces has been applied to Syria, where “Islamist fighters” supported by Western and Israeli intelligence are deployed. In this regard,  Abdel Hakim`s LIFG brigade has now been dispatched to Syria, where it is involved in terrorist acts under the supervision of  NATO Special Forces.

The Central Role of US Ambassador Robert S. Ford

US Ambassador Robert S. Ford was dispatched to Damascus in late January 2011 at the height of the protest movement in Egypt. (The author was in Damascus on January 27, 2011 when Washington’s Envoy presented his credentials to the Al Assad government).

At the outset of my visit to Syria in January 2011,  I reflected on the significance of this diplomatic appointment and the role it might play in a covert process of political destabilization. I did not, however, foresee that this destabilization agenda would be implemented within less than two months  following the instatement of Robert S. Ford as US Ambassador to Syria.

The reinstatement of a US ambassador in Damascus, but more specifically the choice of Robert S. Ford as US ambassador, bears a direct relationship to the onset of the protest movement in mid-March against the government of Bashar al Assad.

Robert S. Ford was the man for the job. As “Number Two” at the US embassy in Baghdad (2004-2005) under the helm of Ambassador John D. Negroponte, he played a key role in implementing the Pentagon’s “Iraq Salvador Option”. The latter consisted in supporting Iraqi death squadrons and paramilitary forces modelled on the experience of  Central America.

It is worth noting that Obama’s newly appointed CIA head, General David Petraeus played a key role the organization of covert support to rebel forces and “freedom fighters”, the infiltration of Syrian intelligence and armed forces, etc.  Petraeus led the Multi-National Security Transition Command (MNSTC)  “Counterinsurgency” program in Baghdad in 2004 in coordination with John Negroponte and Robert S Ford at the US Embassy in Baghdad.


Ambassador Ford in Hama in July 2011

The Insidious Role of the Western media

The role of the US-NATO-Israel military alliance in triggering an armed insurrection is not addressed by the Western media. Moreover, several “progressive voices” have accepted the “NATO consensus” at face value. The role of CIA-MI6 covert intelligence operations in support of armed groups is simply not mentioned. Salafist paramilitary groups involved in terrorist acts, are, according to reports, supported covertly by Israeli intelligence (Mossad). The Muslim Brotherhood has been supported by Turkey, as well as by MI6, Britain’s Secret Service (SIS) since the 1950s

More generally, the Western media has misled public opinion on the nature of the Arab protest movement by failing to address the support provided by the US State Department as well as US foundations (including the National Endowment for Democracy (NED)) to selected pro-US opposition groups.

Known and documented, the U.S. State Department “has been been funding opponents of Syrian President Bashar Assad, since 2006. (U.S. admits funding Syrian opposition – World – CBC News April 18, 2011).

The protest movement in Syria was upheld by the media as part of the “Arab Spring”, presented to public opinion as a pro-democracy protest movement which spread spontaneously from Egypt and the Maghreb to the Mashriq. There is reason to believe, however,  that events in Syria, however, were planned well in advance in coordination with the process of regime change in other Arab countries including Egypt and Tunisia.

The outbreak of the protest movement in the southern border city of Daraa was carefully timed to follow the events in Tunisia and Egypt.

In chorus they have described recent events in Syria as a “peaceful protest movement” directed against the government of Bashar Al Assad, when the evidence amply confirms that Islamic paramilitary groups are involved in terrorist acts. These same Islamic groups have infiltrated the protest rallies.

Western media distortions abound. Large “pro-government” rallies (including photographs) are casually presented as “evidence” of a mass anti-government protest movement. The reports on casualties are based on unconfirmed “eye-witness reports” or on Syrian opposition sources in exile.  The London based Syria Observatory for Human Rights are profusely quoted by the Western media as a “reliable source” with the usual disclaimers. Israeli news sources, while avoiding the issue of an armed insurgency, tacitly acknowledge that Syrian forces are being confronted by an organized professional paramilitary.

The absence of verifiable data, has not prevented the Western media from putting forth “authoritative figures” on the number of casualties. What are the sources of this data? Who is responsible for the casualties?

Dangerous Crossroads: Towards a Broader Middle East Central Asian War

Escalation is an integral part of the military agenda. Destabilization of sovereign states through “regime change” is closely coordinated with military planning. There is a military roadmap characterised by a sequence of US-NATO war theaters.

War preparations to attack Syria and Iran have been in “an advanced state of readiness” for several years.

US, NATO and Israeli military planners have outlined the contours of a “humanitarian” military campaign, in which Turkey (the second largest military force inside NATO) would play a central role.

We are at dangerous crossroads. Were a US-NATO military operation to be launched against Syria, the broader Middle East Central Asian region extending from North Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean to the Afghanistan-Pakistan border with China would be engulfed in the turmoil of an extended regional war.

There are at present four distinct war theaters: Afghanistan-Pakistan, Iraq, Palestine and Libya.

An attack on Syria would lead to the integration of these separate war theaters, eventually leading towards a broader Middle East-Central Asian war.

In Part I of the online interactive I-Book, an introductory essay is presented.

Part II examines the nature of the US-NATO-Israel sponsored insurgency, including the recruitment of terrorists and mercenaries. It also includes an examination of a 1957 Anglo-American covert intelligence plan to destabilize Syria and implement “regime change”. The 1957 plan envisaged the triggering of “internal disturbances as well as the mounting of “sabotage and coup de main (sic) incidents” by the CIA and MI6.  What this essay suggests is continuity, i.e. today’s Intel. Ops, while more sophisticated than those of the Cold War era, belong to realm of DÉJÀ VU.

Part III examines the complicity of the “international community” focussing respectively on the role of non-governmental organizations, the dynamics within the United Nations Security Council and role of the Arab League, acting on behalf of Washington.

Part IV centers on the insidious role of the corporate media, which has carefully distorted the facts, providing systematically a biased understanding of the causes and consequences of the Syrian crisis.

Part V focusses on the broader military agenda and the process of military escalation in the Middle East.

The road to Tehran goes through Damascus. A US-NATO sponsored war on Iran would involve, as a first step, a destabilization campaign (“regime change”) including covert intelligence operations in support of rebel forces directed against the Syrian government.

A war on Syria could evolve towards a US-NATO military campaign directed against Iran, in which Turkey and Israel would be directly involved. It would also contribute to the ongoing destabilization of Lebanon.

It is crucial to spread the word and break the channels of media disinformation.

A critical and unbiased understanding of what is happening in Syria is of crucial importance in reversing the tide of military escalation towards a broader regional war.

Michel Chossudovsky, Montreal, February 11, 2012

[Spread the word. forward this online interactive reader far and wide. Post it on Facebook]

 

Introduction 

A “Humanitarian War” on Syria? Military Escalation. Towards a Broader Middle East-Central Asian War?
– by Michel Chossudovsky – 2011-08-09
The road to Tehran goes through Damascus. A US-NATO war on Iran would involve, as a first step, a destabilization campaign (“regime change”) directed against Syria.
VIDEO: US-NATO “Humanitarian Intervention” in Syria: Towards a Regional War?
Latest report now available on GRTV
– by Michel Chossudovsky, Nile Bowie – 2012-06-08 [*]


PART II  

Covert Operations:

US-NATO-Israel Support to an Armed Insurgency 

SYRIA: CIA-MI6 Intel Ops and Sabotage
– by Felicity Arbuthnot – 2012-02-07
DÉJÀ VU? “The CIA is prepared, and MI6 will attempt to mount minor sabotage and coup de main (sic) incidents within Syria,… [using] capabilitites in both psychological and action fields to augment tension.” (Joint US-UK leaked Intelligence Document, London and Washington, 1957)
The Al Qaeda Insurgency in Syria: Recruiting Jihadists to Wage NATO’s “Humanitarian Wars”  
– by Prof. Michel Chossudovsky – 2011-09-02
The objective of this armed insurrection is to trigger the response of the police and armed forces, with a view to justifying a “humanitarian” military intervention by NATO
VIDEO: Death Squads in Syria Part of Intelligence Operation

New interview now on GRTV
– by Prof. Michel Chossudovsky – 2011-08-18
The Pentagon’s “Salvador Option”: The Deployment of Death Squads in Iraq and Syria  
– by Prof. Michel Chossudovsky – 2011-08-16
Recent developments in Syria point to a full-fledged armed insurgency, integrated by Islamist “freedom fighters” covertly supported, trained and equipped by foreign powers.
NATO and Turkey Support Armed Rebels in Syria. Campaign to Recruit Muslim “Freedom Fighters”

– by Michel Chossudovsky – 2011-08-15

VIDEO: NATO Recruiting Jihadists to Syria
New interview now on GRTV
– by Michel Chossudovsky – 2011-09-19

PART III

Building a Justification to Wage War. NATO’s “Responsibility to Protect”

The Roles of the United Nations, The Arab League and the NGOs

Libya Déjà Vu in Syria: Using Human Rights Organizations to Launch Wars
– by Mahdi Darius Nazemroaya – 2011-11-20
Syria and the Russia-China Veto: Towards a Break Point at the UN Security Council?  
– by Carla Stea – 2012-02-08
How the Arab League Has Become a Tool of Western Imperialism  
– by Finian Cunningham – 2012-02-09
VIDEO: Arab League Gives Green Light to US-NATO to Intervene in Syria  
– by Prof. Michel Chossudovsky – 2011-11-13
SYRIA. TEXT OF LEAKED ARAB LEAGUE MISSION REPORT Report Reveals Media Lies Regarding Syria  
Commentary by Michel Chossudovsky
– 2012-02-01
VIDEO: SYRIA: Armed Opposition Groups Supported by “Foreign Powers”
– by Prof. Michel Chossudovsky – 2012-02-03

PART  IV 

The Media Disinformation Campaign

VIDEO: Skeptical on Syria: ‘Media reports framed & manipulated’
Watch now on GRTV
– by James Corbett – 2011-08-31
Syria Regime Change PR in High Gear: More ‘Newborn Baby Slaughter’ Propaganda  
– by Patrick Henningsen – 2012-02-09
Media Lies Used to Provide a Pretext for Another “Humanitarian War”: Protest in Syria: Who Counts the Dead?  
– by Julie Lévesque – 2011-11-25
The reliance of the mainstream media on information emanating from anonymous groups provides a biased understanding of the Syrian protests
Media Lies: Syria’s President Bashar Al Assad Sets ABC News Senior Propagandist Barbra Walters Straight.  
– by Tony Cartalucci – 2011-12-12
Most Syrians back President Assad, but you’d never know from western media  
Assad’s popularity, Arab League observers, US military involvement: all distorted in the west’s propaganda war
– by Jonathan Steele – 2012-01-18
Media Manipulation and the Drums of War: How Media is used to Whip the Nation into Wartime Frenzy  
Faking It: How the Media Manipulates the World into War
– by James Corbett – 2012-01-03

 PART V

Syria and the Broader War

The Destabilization of Syria and the Broader Middle East War
– by Michel Chossudovsky – 2011-06-17
If a military operation were to be launched against Syria, Israel would in all likelihood also be involved, leading to a process of escalation
Syria: The West’s Strategic Gateway For Global Military Supremacy
– by Rick Rozoff – 2011-11-15
The March to War: Iran and the Strategic Encirclement of Syria and Lebanon
– by Mahdi Darius Nazemroaya – 2011-12-24
  Obama’s Secret Letter to Tehran: Is the War against Iran On Hold? “The Road to Tehran Goes through Damascus”  
– by Mahdi Darius Nazemroaya – 2012-01-20
VIDEO: A NATO Intervention in Syria would Engulf the Entire Middle East Central Asian Region
– by Prof. Michel Chossudovsky – 2011-09-04
Beating the Drums of a Broader Middle East War  
Israel, Syria, and Lebanon Prepare the “Home Fronts”
– by Mahdi Darius Nazemroaya – 2008-05-07
Israel, Syria, and Lebanon Prepare the “Home Fronts”. The Levant could be the starting point of a major international conflict, with global ramifications, which could quickly spin out of control.

 

PART VI

War Propaganda and The Massacre of Innocent Civilians [*]

– by Prof. Michel Chossudovsky – 2012-05-30
US military doctrine envisages the central role of “massive casualty producing events” in which innocent civilians are killed. The killings are carried out as part of a covert operation. The enemy is blamed for the resulting atrocities.

 Report: Rebels Responsible for Houla Massacre

Armed rebels murdered “entire Alawi families” in village of Taldo in Houla
– by John Rosenthal – 2012-06-10
– by Thierry Meyssan – 2012-06-09
“Humanitarian War Criminals” in High Office: Was the Houla Massacre Ordered by the Western Military Alliance?  
– by Prof. Michel Chossudovsky – 2012-06-11
Who is behind these rebel groups? What is the precise nature of the relationship between the FSA and the Western military alliance? What is the command structure? What is the nature of this diabolical covert operation? Who ordered these atrocities against the Syrian people?

VATICAN NEWS: Foreign Fighters, Mercenaries, Terrorists, behind Syria Massacre

“The desolation of Homs and the war of information “: the Words of a Greek-Catholic Bishop
– by Vatican News (Agenzia Fides) – 2012-06-04
Detailed Investigation
– by Marat Musin – 2012-06-01

The terrorists were not pro-government shabbiha militia as conveyed, in chorus, by the mainstream media, they were in large part mercenaries and professional killers operating under the auspices of the self-proclaimed Free Syrian Army (FSA).

Latest report now available on GRTV
– by Michel Chossudovsky, Nile Bowie – 2012-06-08

Michel Chossudovsky is an award-winning author, Professor of Economics (Emeritus) at the University of Ottawa. He is the Founder and Director of the Centre for Research on Globalization (CRG), Montreal and Editor of the globalresearch.ca  website. He is the author of The Globalization of Poverty and The New World Order (2003) and America’s “War on Terrorism”(2005). His most recent book is entitled Towards a World War III Scenario: The Dangers of Nuclear War (2011).

He has taught as Visiting Professor at universities in Western Europe, South East Asia, Latin America and the Pacific, acted as an adviser to governments of developing countries and as a consultant for several international organizations.

Prof. Chossudovsky is a signatory of the Kuala Lumpur declaration to criminalize war and recipient of the Human Rights Prize of the Society for the Protection of Civil Rights and Human Dignity (GBM), Berlin. He is also a contributor to the Encyclopaedia Britannica. His writings have been published in more than twenty languages. 

This Online Interactive I-Reader is made available to Global Research readers with a view to curbing the flow of media disinformation and war propaganda.  

Our ultimate objective is to reverse the tide of war and restore World peace. 

THE GLOBAL RESEARCH ONLINE INTERACTIVE I-BOOKS SERIES

SEE ALSO BY MICHEL CHOSSUDOVSKY

THE 9/11 READER. The September 11, 2001 Terror Attacks By Prof Michel Chossudovsky, Tue 2012 September 11

The tragic events of September 11, 2001 constitute a fundamental landmark in American history. a decisive watershed, a breaking point. 9/11 opens up an era of crisis, upheaval and militarization of American society.

Fukushima: Nuclear War without a War By Prof Michel Chossudovsky, Mon 2012 May 28

The dumping of highly radioactive water into the Pacific Ocean constitutes a potential trigger to a process of global radioactive contamination… Eventually all major regions of the World will be affected.
NEW RELEASE: NOW  AVAILABLE IN PAPERBACK

Towards a World War III Scenario
by Michel Chossudovsky

WWIII Scenario

First published by Global Research on June 24, 2017

I predict that Gardasil will become the greatest medical scandal of all times because at some point in time, the evidence will add up to prove that this vaccine…has absolutely no effect on cervical cancer and that all the very many adverse effects which destroy lives and even kill, serve no other purpose than to generate profit for the manufacturers. Dr. Bernard Dalbergue a former pharmaceutical industry physician with Gardasil manufacturer Merck, emphasis added.

“No vaccine manufacturer shall be liable…for damages arising from a vaccine-related injury or death.” – President Ronald Reagan, as he signed The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (NCVIA) of 1986, absolving drug companies from all medico-legal liability when vaccines kill or disable children

“The 271 vaccines in development span a wide array of diseases, and employ exciting new scientific strategies and technologies. These potential vaccines – all in human clinical trials or under review by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) – include 137 for infectious diseases, 99 for cancer, 15 for allergies and 10 for neurological disorders.”  Statement from the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) – the pharmaceutical industry’s trade association and lobbying group. 

The #1 talking point of Big Pharma, Big Vaccine, the CDC, the AMA and the American Academy of Pediatrics when they try to justify the use of the neurotoxin aluminum (and mercury) in their vaccines is this one:

“humans shouldn’t be afraid of the small amount of either aluminum or mercury that is or has been in many human and animal vaccines.”

They say, truthfully, that aluminum is the third most common element in the earth’s crust, behind oxygen and silicone.  Oxygen makes up about 47% of the earth’s mass. Silicon is second at 28%, followed by aluminum at 8%. They also say that aluminum may be just as harmless as oxygen and silicone and that humans are also exposed to aluminum in oral antacids and underarm anti-perspirants and that those products haven’t yet been “conclusively” proven to have caused “statistically-significant” health problems. They fail, of course, to mention that the “studies” that prove aluminum’s safety (and efficacy) were designed, performed and paid-for by the very industries that benefit from the unregulated, unexamined and widespread use of injectable aluminum in America’s over-vaccination schedules.

It is important to note that the reason that aluminum has been used in vaccines for the last 80+ years is because it has been found to be an “adjuvant” (defined as “a substance that enhances the body’s immune response to an antigen.” An “antigen” is “a toxin or other foreign substance that induces an immune response in the body”. Interestingly, nobody really understands exactly how aluminum performs as an adjuvant, and there is a desperate search for other adjuvants because the vaccine industry understands just how toxic it is.

Adjuvants, when incubated with certain viral particles in the lab, somehow temporarily hyper-stimulates the production of antibodies and thus usually produces the desired temporary, artificial, serological immunity against the virus, viral particle, bacterial particle of toxoid.

This plausible vaccinology theory ignores the fact that intramuscularly-injected aluminum can easily cause an over-stimulation of antibodies to some of the normal body tissues of the vaccinee, which is known as a “vaccine-induced autoimmune disorder”. How that can happen is dealt with later in this article.

The Differences Between Oral and Injectable Aluminum

It is important to understand that there are important differences between orally-ingested aluminum (in some antacids) and intramuscularly-injected aluminum (which is commonly used in many vaccines).

Orally-ingested aluminum is poorly absorbed through the intestinal mucosa into the blood stream. Only a tiny fraction of the total dose (0.3%) is absorbed, meaning that 99.7% of the ingested aluminum is NOT absorbed and thus passes out of the body through the stool.

There are questions as to how toxic swallowed aluminum is to the bowel mucosa or intestinal bacteria or how damaging to the body’s cells is the 0.3% that gets into the bloodstream. It depends on the total body burden of poisonous metals like aluminum, lead, mercury, iron, cadmium and manganese and the presence of other toxins like psychiatric drugs, vaccines, food additives, etc.). Another important factor is how healthy and mature is the blood-brain barrier (or the placental barrier in the case of women who are unfortunate enough to have submitted to vaccinations during their pregnancies, thus exposing their fetuses to potentially brain-damaging substances). The blood-brain barrier is discussed a bit further on.

Most of the aluminum that gets into the blood stream is excreted through the kidneys. But exactly how damaging aluminum is to kidneys, the blood cells and vascular system hasn’t been thoroughly studied.

However, aluminum (as is true for mercury [thimerosal], another vaccine ingredient that was widely used in injectable infant vaccines early in the dramatic autism epidemic) is known to be highly toxic to every organ system and its mitochondria, especially the kidneys, thyroid, liver, bone and brain.

(Recall that any toxin that gets into the bloodstream can potentially adversely affect every other organ in the body.) The degree of damage inflicted depends partly on the nutritional health of the individual, the amount of anti-oxidants in the diet, the detoxifying systems in the liver – and the blood-brain barrier.

The Blood-Brain Barrier

The normal brain is fortunately relatively safe from many toxins animals are exposed to because of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a system of unique brain capillaries, whose endothelial cells and their unusually “tight junctions” between each cell. Those endothelial cells are supposed to keep large molecules and infectious agents out of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF, the fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord) and therefore away from the very vulnerable central nervous system (CNS).The BBB is a very effective defender of the brain, unless it is immature (is as the case for all small infants) or unless it is aged or diseased (which is the norm for the elderly, the acute or chronically ill, the highly medicated, the highly vaccinated and for those who are exposed to toxic substances that are known to harm the BBB. Toxins known to harm the BBB include solvents, herbicides, pesticides, viruses, bacteria, street drugs, many pharmaceutical drugs, toxic foods, toxic water, toxic metals (including the aluminum and mercury in vaccines), electromagnetic radiation, etc.

As touched on above, the aluminum in vaccines is designed to hyper-stimulate antibody production. The vaccine antigens that will be marketed to the public are first manufactured or grown in chicken or duck eggs, chicken kidney cells, mouse brains, African green monkey kidney cells or human fetal cells) in the laboratories of Big Pharma’s vaccine manufacturers like Merck, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Sanofi-Pasteur and MedImmune.  Then aluminum nanoparticles are adsorbed onto those antigens in large vats. Then a variety of other substances are added, including preservatives (such as mercury, antibiotics, formaldehyde, phenol, phenoxyethanol) for the multiple-dose vials.

When the aluminum-containing inoculum is eventually injected into the vaccinee’s muscle tissue, the body’s immune system is supposed to produce antibodies (immunoglobulins) against the antigen which the aluminum nanoparticles were adsorbed. The intensity of antibody production varies tremendously, from zero effect to hyperimmune responses.

Whether the injection accidentally went into the subcutaneous fat, directly into a blood vessel or into scar tissue would account for some of the variance. And the duration of the antibody response also varies tremendously, also depending on those factors.

What is for certain is that any delayed antibody response is likely to be only temporary. Some of the adverse effects, like the high incidence of fainting and the POTS syndrome after the Gardisil vaccinations, might be because the vaccine was injected into a small blood vessel and thus directly into the bloodstream instead of the muscle.

What is also a certainty is that vaccinations have zero (or even negative) effects on cellular immunity, which is the equally important second half of the immune system.

But serious unintended consequences from vaccines can occur, for the injected material is regarded as a foreign body by the vaccinee’s mononuclear cells (macrophages). The macrophage’s main purpose is to attack foreign bodies that penetrate the body’s protective skin or mucosal surfaces, thus ameliorating the toxic effects of germs, slivers, cat bite saliva, injected vaccine ingredients, etc. Properly functioning macrophages will neutralize some of the toxicity of foreign bodies.

How Can Aluminum-Adjuvanted Vaccines Cause Neurotoxic Disorders Like Autism or Dementia?

I describe below two of the serious un-anticipated and unwanted outcomes that can happen when aluminum-coated antigens are injected into an animal’s muscle tissue:

1) After the body’s macrophages ingested the aluminum-coated vaccine material, they will migrate into the lymphatic system (including regional lymph nodes), and then they will go into the bloodstream, which eventually goes to many other distant organs, including the liver, spleen, bone, brain and everywhere else that the blood goes.

Macrophages are capable of crossing into the brain through the unique “tight junctions” that are located between the BBB’s endothelial cells. When the BBB is healthy it will keep out most toxic substances such as most proteins, viruses, bacteria, large molecule drugs, toxic metals and other toxic substances such as dissolved aluminum ions.

If the BBB is immature or diseased, many of those toxic substances are more likely to cross into the cerebrospinal fluid. So, whereas dissolved aluminum in the blood usually can’t get into the brain by itself, when it is inside a macrophage it can enter into the protected space of the brain and thus potentially toxify brain cells (neurons, nutrient glial cells and synaptic cleft organelles where neurotransmitters do their magic. Macrophages appear to be identical to brain microglia in that they have similar nutrient and de-toxifying functions.

The above phenomena have been well studied and are the mechanisms that explain how injected aluminum-adjuvanted material can cross the diseased or aged BBB of so-called pre-dementia patients or cross the immature BBB into the brains of infants, that might  condemn some of those victims to come down with a vaccine-induced dementia or a vaccine-induced autistic spectrum disorder, ADHD, or other behavioral or neuro-degenerative disorder.

How Can Aluminum Adjuvants Cause Autoimmune Disorders?

2) The second serious thing that can happen when aluminum is injected into animal tissue – particularly the small bodies of children or infants – is that the needle can be expected to traumatize whatever tissues it pierces.

That trauma, plus the inevitable inflammation that develops from the vaccine ingredients, will cause the break-down of other para-muscular tissues, such as, obviously, the now-damaged muscle tissue, area blood vessels, white blood cells, platelets, blood clotting factors, collagen tissue, nerve tissue, myelin, etc, likely coating some of these otherwise normal cells with the aluminum adjuvant and setting up the possibility for the body’s immune system to develop antibodies against the body’s own tissues, which is the definition of autoimmune disorders.

So patients with autoimmune disorders like Macrophagic Myofasciitis (MMF), Autoimmune/inflammatory Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants (ASIA), lupus, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, Guillain-Barre syndrome, multiple sclerosis, Gulf War Syndrome, Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, etc may actually have vaccine-induced autoimmune disorders. (Google research scholars such as Romain Kroum Gherardi, Yehuda Shoenfeld, Chris Shaw, Lucija Tomljenovic, etc for more.)

There are a multitude of case reports and case series in the world’s medical literature of vaccine-induced autoimmunity. The only get published in the journals that aren’t subsidized and don’t accept advertising money from pharmaceutical companies (and don’t have editors who have been co-opted by Big Pharma, the CDC or the AA).

These vaccine-induced autoimmune disorders are iatrogenic disorders (doctor-caused, prescription drug-caused, vaccine-caused, surgery-caused) and thus their existence makes them taboo subjects – not to be discussed publically. But in the honorable “first do no harm” profession that I proudly joined after medical school 40+ years ago, drug-induced, iatrogenic disorders were always to be at the top of the differential diagnosis list. That teaching appears to have disappeared over the years.

But, for the sake of our vulnerable patients, especially or babies and the elderly, who are getting sicker and sicker as more and more drugs and vaccines are prescribed, honorable physicians and paraprofessionals should be actively considering the possibility of iatrogenesis whenever they are faced with an autoimmune disordered patient.

Further Vaccinations to Patients who Have Vaccine-Induced Autoimmunity or Vaccine-Induced Neurodevelopmental Disorders Should be Contraindicated

Vaccine-induced injuries, deaths and autoimmune disorders are increasingly common among fully vaccinated populations. The correlation between the huge increases in dementia among America’s fully-vaccinated older adults (who get yearly mercury injections in their flu shots and then get yearly aluminum-containing pneumovax shots) needs to be thoroughly noted.

The worsening of toxic disorders caused by heavy metal exposure is known to happen with every additional exposure to the toxin. Two toxins together can cause enormous synergistic (as opposed to additive) increases in toxicity. That phenomenon of synergy appears to apply when aluminum and mercury vaccines are co-administered. Thus, if vaccine-induced disorders are not recognized, the already toxified patients will have their autism, autoimmune disorders and  dementia worsen, and larger long-term health care costs and more human suffering will occur – exactly the opposite of the physician pledge to “first do no harm”.

There are a number of whistle-blower experts (see below) who are trying to alert doctors, journalists and law-makers to the dangers of Big Pharma’s highly profitable over-vaccination business plan. These out-numbered and silenced whistle-blowers are stepping on some very big toes, namely huge multinational pharmaceutical corporations that have large numbers of clever lawyers, cunning front groups, well-paid lobbyists and control of what gets reported on the mainstream news. That combination can easily destroy the careers of honest altruistic researchers that threaten their financial bottom line – and they have – most dramatically and cruelly in the case of Dr Andrew Wakefield (watch one of his powerful talks on YouTube).

What makes the problem urgent is that the medical establishment is allowing itself to be repeatedly brain-washed by Big Pharma’s criminal smearing of honest whistle-blowing physician-scholars like Wakefield, Suzanne Humphries, Sherri Tenpenny, Russell Blaylock, Diane Harper, Toni Bark and Kelly Brogan – as well as non-physician experts like Stephanie Seneff, Brian Hooker, Barbara Loe-Fischer, Gary Goldman, and Robert Kennedy, Jr. (google each of them before dismissing this column  and listen to their testimony which is all over YouTube. One can find everything at one website: http://www.vaccinesrevealed.com/.

If the medical establishment continues in denial or ignorance about the dangers of vaccines, the financial impact of just three vaccine-induced disorders will not only dramatically increase in incidence and intensity but the escalating multi-billion dollar cost to care for the permanently disabled autistics, the permanently disabled “Alzheimer’s Disease” patients and the “mysterious” autoimmune disorder epidemic will bankrupt the nation (if the Pentagon budgets doesn’t do it first).

Dr Kohls is a retired physician from Duluth, MN, USA. He writes a weekly column for the Duluth Reader, the area’s alternative newsweekly magazine. His columns deal with the dangers of American fascism, corporatism, militarism, racism, malnutrition, Big Pharma’s psychiatric drugging and over-vaccination regimens, and other movements that threaten the environment, health, democracy, civility and longevity of the populace.

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Mark Taliano reporting from Damascus

BREAKING: Pearson Sharp of One America News was on-the-ground in Douma, Eastern Ghouta today. What he discovered should not be a surprise to any informed audience, since we have seen this all before:

The “chemical weapons attack” did not occur. It was a hoax/false flag designed as a pretext for an escalation of Western war crimes in Syria.

Many people were milling about the supposed crime scene, seemingly unafraid of any contamination.

The theatrical presentation included the filming of “victims” in a local hospital, who were hosed down with a view to being “decontaminated.”

Residents reported being terrorized by the occupying terrorists, not by President Assad, whom they support. There were no “moderate” terrorists.

Terrorists hoarded food, executed people, had weapons factories.

Here is Sharp’s detailed report of what he discovered:

Pearson Sharp is a reporter for One America News Network (OAN), reporting from Douma Syria. 

Mark Taliano, reporting from Damascus is a Research Associate of the Center for Research on Globalization (CRG)

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Forget what the Syrian government or the Ruskies say.

The first Western journalist has interviewed doctors at the hospital in Douma, Syria which supposedly treated chemical weapons victims and is announcing what really happened.

In the following 1-minute clip, award-winning journalist Robert Fisk – writer for Britain’s Independent for almost 30 years – explains that the video of victims struggling to breathe are real, but that they have nothing to do with a chemical weapons attack:

Here’s a transcript:

I’ve just been in the town of Douma. I found the clinic where the film of the children frothing at the mouth and having water thrown at them was made.

And I spoke to the hospital doctor, who actually spoke very good English. And he told me that the video is real. But they’re not suffering from gas poisoning.

They’re suffering from hypoxia (i.e. insufficient of oxygen) because of the amount of dust in the tunnels in which they live. All year people in the Douma area have been living beneath their own homes, in tunnels and basements.

And that night there was a shelling by the Syrian army and the Russian air force. And it produced a huge amount of dust and debris in the streets. And many people found it difficult to breathe.

And when they reached the clinic according to the doctor, someone shouted “gas” … and they panicked.

Background.

Update: Fisk filed the following report with the Independent today:

This is the story of a town called Douma, a ravaged, stinking place of smashed apartment blocks — and of an underground clinic whose images of suffering allowed three of the Western world’s most powerful nations to bomb Syria last week. There’s even a friendly doctor in a green coat who, when I track him down in the very same clinic, cheerfully tells me that the ‘gas’ videotape which horrified the world – despite all the doubters – is perfectly genuine.

***

The same 58-year old senior Syrian doctor then adds something profoundly uncomfortable: the patients, he says, were overcome not by gas but by oxygen starvation in the rubbish-filled tunnels and basements in which they lived, on a night of wind and heavy shelling that stirred up a dust storm.

As Dr Assim Rahaibani announces this extraordinary conclusion, it is worth observing that he is by his own admission not an eye witness himself and, as he speaks good English, he refers twice to the jihadi gunmen of Jaish el-Islam [the Army of Islam] in Douma as “terrorists” – the regime’s word for their enemies, and a term used by many people across Syria.

***

This is not the only story in Douma. There are the many people I talked amid the ruins of the town who said they had “never believed in” gas stories – which were usually put about, they claimed, by the armed Islamist groups. These particular jihadis survived under a blizzard of shellfire by living in other’s people’s homes and in vast, wide tunnels with underground roads carved through the living rock by prisoners with pick-axes on three levels beneath the town.

***

I walked across this town quite freely yesterday without soldier, policeman or minder to haunt my footsteps, just two Syrian friends, a camera and a notebook.

***

It was a short walk to Dr Rahaibani. From the door of his subterranean clinic – “Point 200,” it is called, in the weird geology of this partly-underground city – is a corridor leading downhill where he showed me his lowly hospital and the few beds where a small girl was crying as nurses treated a cut above her eye.

 “I was with my family in the basement of my home three hundred metres from here on the night but all the doctors know what happened. There was a lot of shelling [by government forces] and aircraft were always over Douma at night — but on this night, there was wind and huge dust clouds began to come into the basements and cellars where people lived. People began to arrive here suffering from hypoxia, oxygen loss. Then someone at the door, a ‘White Helmet’, shouted ‘Gas!”, and a panic began. People started throwing water over each other. Yes, the video was filmed here, it is genuine, but what you see are people suffering from hypoxia – not gas poisoning.”

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This report was first published on March 23, shortly before the bombing commenced. The “Big Lie” narrative is collapsing. Spread the word. Both Trump and May should be impeached and indicted for having committed war crimes. (Michel Chossudovsky, GR Editor)

The bizarre UK/US “action on Syria” narrative is falling apart before our eyes. Germany, Italy, Canada and the Netherlands are bailing on any immediate involvement. The impression is strong that the UK’s Theresa May is being pressured into a statement of resolve she is by nature too cowardly to get behind. Even Mad Dog Mattis and Mike Pompeo are sounding notes of caution. Meanwhile the Russians are going all out on claiming the alleged gas attack was a hoax or a false flag, and a gutsy presser this morning from the Russian ambassador to the UK has been followed by more allegations about the UK’s direct involvement in pushing for a fake or false flag chemical attack in Douma.

The establishment’s collapsing confidence in it’s ability to sell this newest and most insane war is best exemplified by this brief clip in which Sky News experiences sudden technical trouble while interviewing a British military expert on chemical warfare who unexpectedly veers from the approved script.

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VISIT MY NEW WEB SITE: 

stephenlendman.org 

(Home – Stephen Lendman). 

Contact at [email protected].

He’s a real estate businessman/television personality, America’s first Reality TV president.

A geopolitical know-thing, he largely knows rubbish fed him in daily briefings, along with what extremist neocons infesting his administration tell him and Fox News disinformation, his favorite channel – all of the above manipulating his thinking.

He’s not intellectually gifted like Jefferson, John Adams and John Quincy Adams, Teddy and Franklin Roosevelt, Madison, Lincoln, Wilson and Jack Kennedy.

Unlike TR and JFK, he disdains reading, preferring oral communications in simple language. He can’t be bothered with policy papers, nothing more than a brief paragraph or two, if that.

Before inauguration, he admitted liking “bullets or…as little as possible” in print, adding:

“I don’t need…200-page reports on something that can be handled on a page. That I can tell you.”

He instructed his national security council to keep policy explanations on a single page at most.

His daily briefing are far shorter than most of his predecessors. He doesn’t want to be bothered with endless details he lacks interest in.

Last September, AP said his top aides decided he needed a crash geopolitical course to enlighten him on what’s going on in the world.

A television interviewer asked him if he reads. Despite mangling the language all too often, he’s clearly literate.

He’s used to running the Trump Organization, far different from how heads of state operate, especially on the world stage.

GW Bush had a business background. It showed in how Dick Cheney largely ran things. Trump’s penchant for TV watching and phone conversations reflect his dislike for things in writing – tweeting an exception because it’s brief and fits his style of communicating.

Geopolitically, he doesn’t know a Suni from a Shia, nothing about nations America attacked except what he’s told.

Time and again he says favored administration officials and US-allied foreign despots are doing “a great job” no matter the harm their policies inflict on others.

He’s constitutionally ignorant, knowing little about the duties, powers, responsibilities and limits of the office he holds.

He once admitted knowing less than a drunk in a bar about America’s healthcare system – yet favors deplorable changes to what’s already dysfunctional, the nation’s privileged class alone unaffected.

He’s clueless about disastrous US foreign policies preceding him and on his watch, unaware of the human toll, knowing enough about trillions of dollars wasted but doing nothing to change things.

He may actually believe the Big Lie, falsely accusing Assad of using chemical weapons, ordering escalated naked aggression, mindless of the potential consequences.

His extremist one-sided support for Israel, notably by his Jerusalem declaration, helped fuel greater violence instead of working to curb it.

He ran for president without understanding what the job entails, and how decisions he’d make as US leader can shake the world if disastrously wrong.

Presidential politics isn’t like business deal-making. He’s more comfortable before cheering supporters than dealing with the tough job of head of state.

He’s America’s first president with neither government or military experience. Disfavoring details of the job, he’s swayed by information fed him, notably on geopolitical issues, manipulating his thinking, his leadership heading the nation and humanity toward disaster if things continue on their present course.

Candidate Trump said

“I was against (Middle East wars). And I was against (them) very early. And we shouldn’t have been in there. And I think it is probably perhaps the worst mistake we have ever made.”

He complained about wasting trillions of dollars, turning the Middle East into a mess, instead of using funds spent on rebuilding America.

“(W)e don’t have the money because it’s been squandered on so many (wrong) ideas,” he said.

Now he’s comfortable spending like a drunken sailor. Wars he opposed campaigning, he strongly supports.

His Syria policy risked launching global war, briefly stepping back from the brink by authorizing limited naked aggression.

Maybe next time, he’ll OK no holds barred, risking direct confrontation with Russia, launching World War III by accident or design.

Since taking office, he escalated the colossal geopolitical mess he inherited, stacking his administration with hawkish neocons, hardened with new additions.

Humanity dodged a bullet overnight in Syria. Will next time certain to come be disastrous? Will Putin remain a passive bystander instead of challenging US aggression in Syria before it’s too late?

If past is prologue, things aren’t encouraging. Humanity’s fate hangs in the balance.

*

Stephen Lendman is a Research Associate of the CRG, Correspondent of Global Research based in Chicago.

VISIT MY NEW WEB SITE: stephenlendman.org (Home – Stephen Lendman). Contact at [email protected].

My newest book as editor and contributor is titled “Flashpoint in Ukraine: How the US Drive for Hegemony Risks WW III.”

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Voices of the Syrian People

By Andre Vltchek, April 16, 2018

Three countries with zero moral mandate to judge or punish anybody; three countries, already responsible for hundreds of millions of human lives lost on all continents for centuries, showered Syria with their missiles.

Independent Swiss Lab Says ‘BZ Toxin’ Used in Skripal Poisoning; US/UK-Produced, Not Russian

By Zero Hedge, April 16, 2018

Spiez lab, the substance used on Sergei Skripal was an agent called BZ, which was never produced in Russia, but was in service in the US, UK, and other NATO states.

US-UK-France Strike on Syria, The Chain of Events: Statements, Facts and Speculations

By South Front, April 16, 2018

Early on April 14, the US, the UK and France delivered a massive missile strike on Syria using warships, fighter jets and strategic bombers. US Defense Secretary Jim Mattis described the strikes as “harder” than the 2017 strikes on Shayrat military airfield. However, he added that no further launches had been planned for the moment.

Syria’s Victory – The Failed Attack by War Criminals Trump, May and Macron

By Peter Koenig, April 16, 2018

Trump and his brother’s in crime, May and Macron, have miserably lost, and by their aggression on a mutilated country, they have strengthened the Syrian people and their allegiance to their President. Of course, none of this you are going to read in the mainstream presstitute.

War on Syria: Disappeared Miseries. The Tentacles of This War of Aggression

By Mark Taliano, April 16, 2018

The war on Syria has exacted a tremendous toll on all aspects of life in Syria. The bullets and bombs kill, but so do the hidden tentacles of this War of Aggression.

Is Trump’s Broader War against Syria on Hold? A Member State of NATO is “Sleeping with the Enemy”: America is at War with both Syria and Turkey

By Prof Michel Chossudovsky, April 15, 2018

Washington also knew that they could not initiate at this juncture a major military campaign against Syria largely due to divisions within the Atlantic Alliance and the fact that a NATO member State, namely Turkey had become an ally of Russia and was fighting US proxy Kurdish rebel forces (integrated by French, British and US Special Forces) in Northern Syria.

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« O velho mundo agoniza, um novo mundo novo tarda a nascer e, nesse claro-escuro, irrompem os monstros» (Antonio Gramsci)

Introdução : Entre a História « aparente » e a História « real »

Alvin Toffler, futurista proeminente, é regularmente citado, e com boas razões, quando diz que os iletrados do século XXI não são aqueles que não sabem ler nem escrever, mas aqueles que não sabem aprender, desaprender e reaprender.

No mesmo sentido, numa entrevista concedida em 2014, Noam Chomsky foi convidado a comentar o seu livro Masters of Mankind[ii]– uma colecção de palestras e de ensaios escritos entre 1969 e 2013. Sublinhando que o mundo se modificara muito durante esse período, o entrevistador perguntou-lhe se a sua compreensão do mesmo se alterara com o passar do tempo e, nesse caso, quais tinham sido os acontecimentos catalisadores dessa sua mudança de perspectiva sobre a política. Chomsky – eleito o melhor intelectual em 2005 – deu a seguinte resposta:  “A minha compreensão do mundo modificou-se com o tempo. Aprendi muito sobre o passado e os acontecimentos em curso foram acrescentando novos materiais críticos. Não consigo, porém, distinguir eventos singulares ou pessoas. Trata-se de um processo cumulativo, de um repensar constante à luz de novas informações e de um reconsiderar daquilo que na verdade não compreendi. É, no entanto, certo que o poder hierárquico e arbitrário continua a ser o cerne da política do nosso mundo assim como a fonte de todos os males.”

Esta resposta sublinha a relevância das palavras verdadeiras, frias e duras proferidas por Winston Churchill, que se tornaram famosas: “A verdade é a primeira vítima da guerra (e) a História é escrita pelos vencedores.” Dan Brown, autor do romance Código da Vinci(The Da Vinci Code)[iii], não pensava de outra maneira ao escrever: “A História é sempre escrita pelos vencedores. Quando duas culturas se afrontam, o vencido é obliterado e o vencedor escreve os livros de História – livros que glorificam a sua própria causa e denigram o inimigo”. E como disse, em tempos, Napoleão: “O que é a História senão uma fábula consensual?”

Malek Bennabi[iv]– possivelmente um dos maiores pensadores muçulmanos do século XX – alude ao mesmo quando afirma: “Ainda está por escrever a história real do mundo moderno, já que apenas tem sido relatada a sua história aparente (além de) ser hoje necessário um certo sentido de esoterismo para penetrar nos segredos e nos arcanos da História (…) e deixar às gerações vindouras informação fidedigna sobre a herança do seu mundo.”[v]

Uma ilustração deste estado de coisas é seguramente a história do Islão – religião e civilização que alguns apontam actualmente, mais do que nunca, como fonte de muitos males. Para eles, o Islão transformou-se em “Islamofascismo”, “um novo arqui-inimigo” que uma “coligação interesseira” do “mundo civilizado” está decidida a atacar mediante todos os meios disponíveis, fazendo pairar a ameaça de uma “IV Guerra Mundial”[vi].

Na realidade, onde se situa, porém, ao longo dos tempos, a verdade relativamente a esta questão? Que significado e que impacto tiveram os acontecimentos momentâneos do 11 de Setembro nesta história? E, acima de tudo, o que se pode, razoavelmente, prever no tocante ao futuro do Islão e do mundo islâmico, nomeadamente no contexto daquilo que parece ser o crepúsculo da idade imperial e a aurora da era digital no meio de um vácuo moral global e de um influxo espiritual?

Uma breve história de uma longa luta

Uma grande parte dos muçulmanos acredita na profetizada “Guerra global contra o Islão” baseando-se num hadith(um dito do Profeta Muhammad) popular de há mais de mil e quatrocentos anos e segundo o qual “o mensageiro de Alá disse: As nações de todos os quadrantes estão a convergir contra vós [muçulmanos], agindo como pessoas esfaimadas que afluem para uma marmita. Nós perguntámos: Mensageiro de Alá, seremos poucos nesses dias? Ele respondeu: Não, sereis numerosos, mas sereis como a espuma de uma inundação repentina, sem qualquer peso, porque o medo abandonará o coração dos vossos inimigos e a fraqueza (Wahnem árabe) instalar-se-á nos vossos corações. Nós perguntámos: Mensageiro de Alá, o que significa a palavra Wahn? Ele respondeu: Amor pelo mundo e medo da morte.”

Quer seja autêntico quer não, este hadithquasesoa a verdadeiro perante a situação caótica actual que prevalece em todo o mundo muçulmano e o antagonismo ameaçador que se mantém entre o Ocidente e o Islão. Daqui resulta que o muito temido “choque de civilizações” pareça estar mais eminente do que nunca. Segundo o testemunho de Graham E. Fuller, “o Islão parece estar por detrás de um vasto leque de desordens internacionais: ataques suicidas, carros bombistas, ocupações militares, lutas de resistência, rebeliões, fatwas, jihads, guerrilhas, vídeos de ameaça, e o próprio 11 de Setembro (…). O Islão parece oferecer uma base analítica instantânea e fácil, susceptível de conferir sentido às convulsões do mundo actual.”[vii]

Precisamente, para compreender esta horrível “realidade aparente” e colocá-la numa perspectiva história e geopolítica, é com certeza útil recordar partes da história esquecida e desvirtuada que nos preparou para esta “realidade aparente”, partindo das suas origens mais remotas para chegar às diferentes manifestações contemporâneas dramaticamente evidenciadas pelo 11 de Setembro.

Como tal, qualquer balanço retrospectivo das relações entre o Ocidente e o Islão ficaria com certeza incompleto se não se referisse à história monumental de Arnold J. Toynbee, reconhecidamente uma das maiores realizações da erudição moderna[viii]. Vale a pena realçar que Toynbee escreveu um livro interessante[ix]sobre as interacções entre as civilizações do Ocidente e do Oriente e que trabalhou para o Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros britânico (no Political Intelligence Department) durante a I Guerra Mundial.

No tocante ao lugar do Islão na História e às suas relações com o Ocidente, escreveu em 1948 : “No passado, o Islão e a nossa sociedade ocidental agiram e reagiram entre si em épocas sucessivas, em situações diferentes e alternando os papéis. O primeiro encontro entre ambos decorreu durante a infância da sociedade ocidental, quando o Islão era a religião distintiva dos Árabes, na sua idade heróica (…). Por conseguinte, quando a civilização ocidental superou a ameaça da sua extinção prematura e entrou numa fase de crescimento vigoroso, ao passo que o suposto Estado islâmico entrava em declínio e caminhava para a sua queda, a situação inverteu-se.” O historiador britânico sublinhava também que, na sua luta entre a vida e a morte, o Islão sobreviveu triunfantemente, conforme acontecera anteriormente com o Cristianismo.

Este não foi, porém, o último acto da peça, uma vez que “a tentativa, por parte do Ocidente medieval, de exterminar o Islão falhou tão redondamente quanto falhara anteriormente a tentativa, por parte dos construtores do império árabe, de capturar o berço da civilização nascente ocidental; uma vez mais, o contra-ataque seria provocado por uma ofensiva fracassada. Naquele tempo, o Islão era representado pelos descendentes otomanos dos nómadas convertidos da Ásia central.” Após o falhanço final das cruzadas, a cristandade ocidental manteve-se na defensiva perante o ataque otomano, durante a época tardo-medieval e a idade moderna da história ocidental. Os ocidentais conseguiram estancar a ofensiva otomana no rescaldo da batalha de Viena, que durou de 1683 até 1699, com a assinatura do tratado de paz entre a Sublime Porta e a Aliança Sagrada, em Karlowitz. A seguir, depois de terem cercado o mundo islâmico e lançado a sua rede sobre o mesmo, atacaram o antigo adversário na sua toca natal.

Segundo Toynbee, o ataque concêntrico do mundo ocidental moderno contra o mundo islâmico está na origem do confronto actual entre as duas civilizações. O historiador encarava esse confronto como fazendo “parte de um movimento ainda mais vasto e ambicioso, em que a civilização ocidental aspira nada menos do que à incorporação de toda a humanidade numa única sociedade, bem como ao controlo de tudo o que existe na terra, no ar e no mar, susceptível de ser explorado pela humanidade com a técnica ocidental moderna”. Assim, o confronto contemporâneo entre o Islão e o Ocidente “não só é mais activo e íntimo do que já foi em qualquer fase anterior do seu contacto, como também se distingue pelo facto de ser um incidente na tentativa empreendida pelo homem ocidental de “ocidentalizar” o mundo – empreendimento esse que será, possivelmente, considerado como o aspecto mais significativo e, seguramente, o mais interessante da História, até mesmo para uma geração que atravessou duas guerras mundiais.”

Toynbee chegou à conclusão de que o Islão enfrenta, de novo, o Ocidente de costas para a parede; desta vez, porém, as dificuldades são maiores e até ultrapassam “aquelas que marcaram os momentos mais críticos das cruzadas, uma vez que o Ocidente moderno não só é superior [ao Islão]em armas, como também do ponto de vista técnico, ao nível da economia, da qual a ciência militar depende em última instância, e acima de tudo, ao nível da cultura espiritual – a força interior que por si só cria e sustem as manifestações exteriores da dita civilização.[x]

De Deus para Prometeu

Terá esta percepção evoluído com o tempo, no Ocidente? E quem melhor do que Bernard Lewis, um orientalista reconhecido e professor emérito de Princetown, para abordar esta matéria? No mundo académico, é considerado o maior perito vivo do Médio Oriente sendo, de facto, um dos poucos historiadores que acabariam por ser actores históricos, por direito próprio. No seu livro de memórias[xi]conta o tempo de serviço prestado durante a guerra enquanto oficial dos serviços secretos britânicos (M16) em Londres e no Cairo, e a forma como, depois da II Guerra Mundial, teve o privilégio de ser o primeiro historiador ocidental a aceder aos arquivos otomanos. Também explica como cunhou a expressão de “choque das civilizações” nos anos 1950 – o que, do ponto de vista histórico, não está correcto uma vez que a noção foi, pela primeira vez, consignada num livro[xii]escrito por Basil Mathews em 1926 – e a forma como o 11 Setembro o catapultou para o palco mundial enquanto mentor importante de toda uma geração de neoconservadores americanos. Por todas estas razões, dificilmente poderá ser considerado um firme simpatizante do Islão.

Num livro intitulado, precisamente, “O Islão e o Ocidente”[xiii], publicado em 1993, Lewis recorda que, na grande epopeia medieval francesa das guerras entre cristãos e sarracenos (i.e. árabes), La Chanson de Roland(A Canção de Rolando), o poeta cristão esforça-se por transmitir uma ideia sobre a religião sarracena aos seus leitores ou melhor, aos seus auditores. Segundo esta visão, os sarracenos veneravam uma trindade baseada em três pessoas: Muhammad, o fundador da sua religião, e outras duas, ambas diabos, Apolino e Tervagante. Lewis acrescenta que “para nós, isto é cómico e diverte-nos o facto de o homem medieval ser incapaz de conceber uma religião ou outra coisa qualquer sem ser em referência à sua própria imagem. Nesta perspectiva, e considerando que a cristandade adorava o seu fundador associado a outras duas entidades, os sarracenos tinham necessariamente de venerar o seu fundador e este só podia ser uma das três figuras de outra trindade, que contava com dois diabos cooptados de modo a perfazer o número”. Em seguida, Lewis estabelece acertadamente um paralelo afirmando que, se o homem cristão medieval apenas concebia a religião em termos da trindade, os seus descendentes modernos apenas concebem a política em termos de teologia ou, conforme se diz hoje em dia, de ideologia, entre forças e facções de esquerda e de direita.

Bernard Lewis também sublinha a relutância recorrente de muitos ocidentais em reconhecer a natureza do Islão e o facto de ele persistir como religião independente, diferente e autónoma, dos tempos medievais aos tempos modernos. Podemos constatá-lo, segundo explica, através da nomenclatura adoptada para designar os muçulmanos, tendo “decorrido muito tempo antes que a cristandade acedesse a atribuir-lhes um nome com um significado religioso”. Com efeito, durante muitos séculos, tanto a cristandade oriental como ocidental designou os seguidores do Profeta de “sarracenos”, termo de etimologia incerta, mas que “possui claramente uma conotação étnica e não religiosa (…) na Península Ibérica, onde os muçulmanos vinham de Marrocos e por isso os designavam por mouros; no resto da Europa, os muçulmanos eram geralmente designados por turcos ou, mais a leste, também por tártaros, outro nome étnico facilmente aplicado aos povos islamizados das estepes, que durante um tempo dominaram a Rússia.” Lewis esclarece ainda que até há pouco tempo, “mesmo quando começou a reconhecer o Islão enquanto religião e não enquanto grupo étnico, a Europa exprimiu esta tomada de consciência mediante uma serie de analogias erradas, a começar pelos nomes atribuídos à religião e aos seus seguidores, maometanismo ou maometanos.”

Uma história mais profunda, como a de James Carroll[xiv], demonstra que este conflito supostamente inerente entre o Islão e o Ocidente “tem a sua origem mais no ‘Ocidente’ do que na Casa do Islão. A imagem dos muçulmanos associada à violência em virtude da sua religião foi construída ao longo dos séculos essencialmente por europeus que procuravam reforçar os seus próprios objectivos.”

Verdade seja dita, de que outra forma se poderia, por exemplo, justificar a surpreendente afirmação feita na Câmara dos Comuns, no século XIX, por William Ewart Gladstone, que foi quatro vezes Primeiro-Ministro da Grã Bretanha[xv]? De Corão na mão, gritou, então: “Enquanto sobreviver uma única cópia deste livro maldito, não poderá haver justiça no mundo.”[xvi]E de que outra forma interpretar as seguintes opiniões posteriormente expressas por Basil Mathews e Bernard Lewis, ambos agentes do M16 e verdadeiros convictos do “Choque das Civilizações” muito antes do ensaio e do livro de Samuel Huntington, que geraram um debate à escala global?[xvii]

No seu livro[xviii], Mathews descreve o Corão como “um sistema fixo de teocracia, concebido num caos tribal do deserto. No mundo moderno, [o Corão]desafia qualquer governo moderno, democrático, responsável, secular. É esta a razão pela qual a Turquia rejeitou o Corão enquanto regra do Estado. Ora, não dirigindo o Estado, não dirige nada, porque a atitude religiosa e os regulamentos sociais do Islão são as duas faces da mesma moeda. Não podem ser separados e continuar a ser Islão. O Islamismo maometano é a negação do progresso erigida em sistema ordenado divino. O Islão vincula-nos à adoração da pessoa de Muhammad. Mas as nossas mentes estão chocadas com os assassinatos, os casamentos forçados, a crueldade, o banditismo e a sensualidade. Enquanto homem árabe do século VII, o Profeta era maravilhoso; enquanto herói e dirigente – para não dizer santo – do século XX, ele é impossível.”[xix]

A opinião de Lewis sobre o Islão não difere. Contudo, procurando explicar “o motivo pelo qual tantos muçulmanos têm ressentimentos profundos em relação ao Ocidente e pelo qual a sua amargura não se apaziguará facilmente”, escreve, num artigo arrogante no Atlantic Monthly[xx]de Setembro de 1990: “Hoje deveria estar claro que enfrentamos uma disposição e um movimento que transcendem amplamente o nível das problemáticas e das políticas, e os governos que as prosseguem. Assistimos a um choque de civilizações – reacção talvez irracional, mas seguramente histórica de um antigo rival contra a nossa herança judaico-cristã, o nosso presente secular, e a sua expansão mundial. É crucial que, pelo nosso lado, não nos deixemos provocar e não adoptemos uma reacção igualmente histórica e igualmente irracional contra o rival.”

Aladino, a proibição de viajar e a fábrica do ódio

É um facto os americanos figurarem entre os povos mais educados do mundo. Também é, porém, um facto figurarem entre os menos conhecedores do mundo em geral e do mundo árabe e muçulmano em particular. Eles próprios admitem a veracidade desta falha e muitos deles gostariam de a ver corrigida.

Esta “lacuna do conhecimento” sobre a região foi o tema de um amplo inquérito realizado junto do público americano, intitulado “A imagem árabe nos EUA” e conduzido pelo Arab News/YouGov, entre 17 e 21 de Março de 2017.

Os participantes responderam a 24 perguntas fechadas, na maioria sobre comportamentos relacionados com notícias, conhecimento e interesse em visitar o mundo árabe e muçulmano, o aumento da islamofobia, opiniões sobre árabes que emigraram para os Estado Unidos e a percepção do papel dos mediana construção da imagem real desta parte do mundo.

Entre outros resultados deste balanço, 81% dos inquiridos não souberam identificar a região árabe no mapa; mais de três quartos indicaram que não viajariam até lá por ser demasiado perigoso; 65% admitiram saber pouco sobre a região e 30% indicaram não terem interesse em saber mais. Porém, o mais surpreendente foi constatar que mais de um quinto dos inquiridos indicaram que o “Sultanato de Agrabah” – a cidade fictícia de “Aladino”, o desenho animado da Disney – é uma parte real do mundo árabe. Uma proporção ainda maior (38%) afirmou que ficaria contente com uma “proibição de viajar” emitida contra cidadãos de Agrabah caso se viesse a comprovar que constituem uma ameaça. Um inquérito anterior da Public Policy Polling (PPP), realizado em 2016, durante a campanha presidencial americana, revelara que 30% dos votantes republicanos apoiavam o “bombardeamento de Agrabah” embora 57% afirmassem, felizmente, que não tinham a certeza de serem a favor!

David Pollock do Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP) – um perito em sondagens que tem estudado longamente as relações entre os Estados Unidos e os países árabes – concorda estarmos perante um retrato negativo e sombrio, acreditando que o mesmo decorre de uma combinação de vários factores. No caso de algumas pessoas nos EUA, trata-se de “um sentimento geral de isolacionismo” e de “uma tendência para as pessoas reagirem assim para com todos os países estrangeiros e não apenas para com os países árabes”, indicou. Outras têm “preconceitos”, mas o mais importante “é existir uma tendência para associar toda a região ao terrorismo, aos refugiados e à guerra civil. A região não possui uma imagem positiva e boa parte dessa imagem é baseada na ignorância e na estreiteza de espírito.”

Os resultados chocantes deste inquérito talvez tivessem passado despercebidos se não reflectissem o verdadeiro estado da falta de conhecimento, quando não da ignorância, que orienta as duradoiras e frequentemente pouco sábias políticas americanas das sucessivas administrações e as percepções das pessoas relativamente a esta região atormentada. Uma característica que hoje é totalmente incompreensível na medida em que esta região se tornou o maior, senão o único cemitério de milhares de jovens americanos e outros soldados ocidentais enviados para a guerra em países estrangeiros sob a bandeira de uma louca “guerra contra oterror” transformada em “guerra doterror”.

Anteriormente a estes e outros numerosos inquéritos e estudos, o professor americano de comunicação de massas e autoridade galardoada do cinema, Jack G. Shaheen já dissecara este tópico. Fê-lo através de um livro[xxi]inovador publicado em Janeiro de 2001 e, mais tarde, num filme[xxii]produzido pela Media Education Foundation, ambos com o título de “Reel Bad Arabs: How Hollywood Vilifies a People”.

Nesta investigação meticulosa sobre um milhar de filmes – dos primórdios da história do cinema, em 1896, aos blockbusters hollywoodianos em que os árabes aparecem caracterizados como “maus” empunhando metralhadoras e fazendo explodir bombas – Shaheen documentou a tendência para retratar árabes e muçulmanos como o “Inimigo Público número I” fazendo-os passar por “Outros brutais, sem coração, incivilizados e apostados em aterrorizar Ocidentais civilizados”. Descobriu que em 1000 filmes com caracteres árabes e muçulmanos, 12 continham descrições positivas, 52 eram retratos neutros e 936 negativos.

Pôde, desta forma, realçar estereótipos anti-muçulmanos e anti-árabes e comprovar os cruzamentos existentes entre a cultura popular e a política estrangeira. Para o efeito, descreveu a forma como, ao longo da História, a criação estratégica de estereótipos de populações foi utilizada para ganhar o apoio das populações para determinadas políticas governamentais, citando a carreira de Leni Riefensthal e discursos de Lenine e de Goebbels para ilustrar a longa história do filme enquanto veículo de propaganda.

Shaheen explicou que tentou “tornar visível aquilo que muitos de nós parecem não ver: a existência de uma matriz perigosamente consistente de estereótipos árabes odiosos, estereótipos que roubam a humanidade a todo um povo (…). Todos os aspectos da nossa cultura projectam o árabe como vilão. Este é um dado adquirido. Não há desvios. Utilizámos algumas imagens estruturadas e repetimo-las vezes sem conta (…). Inicialmente, herdámos a imagem do árabe dos europeus. Há talvez 150 ou 200 anos, o britânico e o francês que viajavam até ao Médio Oriente e aqueles que não o faziam, fizeram nascer estas imagens do árabe como o Outro oriental[xxiii]. Estas imagens fabricadas foram depois adoptadas pelos americanos.” De acordo com Shaheen, nos Estados Unidos a imagem árabe começou a deteriorar-se sobretudo a seguir à II Guerra Mundial. Três acontecimentos maiores influenciaram esta mudança: o conflito Palestina-Israel, em que os Estados Unidos apoiaram Israel de forma inequívoca; o embargo árabe ao petróleo nos anos 1970, que enfureceu os americanos quando os preços do gás dispararam; e a Revolução Iraniana, que aumentou as tensões entre árabes e americanos quando estudantes iranianos fizeram reféns diplomatas americanos durante mais de um ano. Estes três acontecimentos charneira “trouxeram o Médio Oriente para as salas de estar dos americanos e, juntos, contribuíram para o modo como o cinema forjou estereótipos dos árabes e do mundo árabe.”

No tocante aos filmes do Departamento de Defesa, Shaheen identificou “Rules of Engagement” como o filme mais racista jamais realizado, tendo o guião sido escrito pelo ex-Secretário da Marinha, James Webb. E “se for ver o novo filme intitulado “The Kingdom”, verificará que, mais uma vez, as crianças árabes aparecem retratadas como terroristas. A consequência disto tudo é termos chegado a um ponto em que encaramos todas essas pessoas, nomeadamente árabes e muçulmanos, como o Outro inimigo, incluindo as crianças.”

Ao comentar o filme numa entrevista concedida a Democray Now!, Jack Shaheen declarou que “a humanidade não está ali presente. E se não conseguirmos ver a humanidade árabe, o que resta? Se não sentirmos nada, se sentirmos que os árabes não são como nós ou como qualquer outra pessoa, então podemos matá-los todos. Significa isso que merecem morrer, certo? A islamofobia faz agora parte da nossa psique. Palavras como ‘árabe’ e ‘muçulmano’ são encaradas como palavras ameaçadoras. E se as palavras forem ameaçadoras, que dizer das imagens que vemos no cinema e nos nossos ecrãs de televisão?” Concluiu afirmando que “a política e as imagens de Hollywood estão interligadas. Reforçam-se mutuamente: a política promove imagens míticas; as imagens míticas ajudam a implementar políticas.” Com efeito, conforme disse Jack Valenti, presidente da Motion Picture Association of America, “Washington e Hollywood nascem do mesmo ADN.”

Os pregadores da guerra e do terrorismo “islâmico”

No seu ensaio “Politics and the English Language”, George Orwell escreveu que a linguagem política serve para fazer com que mentiras soem como se fossem verdades, com que o assassinato pareça um acto respeitável e para dar um aspecto sólido ao vento puro. Este ensaio, juntamente com o seu outro clássico famoso, “1984”, publicado em 1949, são tão profundos que ainda hoje mantêm a relevância que tiveram no pós-II Guerra Mundial.

Assim, em Janeiro de 2017, a novela distópica “1984” esgotou na Amazon dos Estados Unidos, depois de ter chegado ao topo da lista de bestsellers. Esta ascensão começou na altura em que a conselheira de Donald Trump, Kellyanne Conway, cunhou a expressão “factos alternativos” quando lhe pediram que explicasse as razões que tinham levado o Secretário da Imprensa, Sean Spicer, a fazer afirmações cheias de imprecisões. Os jornalistas rapidamente qualificaram o comentário de Conway de “orweliano”. Um deles até concluiu que a “verdade” estava a ser redefinida em função daquilo que o governo dos Estados Unidos, a NATO e os seus interesses ocidentais declaravam como sendo verdade, e que qualquer discordância com as “reflexões de grupo” ocidentais se tornava uma “fake news”, independentemente do grau factual da intervenção dissidente.

É o que se passa com a questão do “terrorismo islâmico”[xxiv], que levou a um nível de islamofobia sem precedentes no mundo ocidental actual. Muito antes dos ataques terroristas de Setembro de 2011, os media americanos foram difundindo o medo do “terrorismo” mediante uma mensagem clara em que árabes e muçulmanos eram, se não terroristas, no mínimo extremistas que defendiam a violência e o terrorismo. Conforme demonstram os registos, e de acordo com o escritor político americano Michael Collins Piper[xxv]– estampilhado, sem surpresa, como sendo um téorico da conspiração, por parte de grupos judeus como a Anti-Defamation League, Bnai B’rith, o Simon Wiesenthal Center e o Middle East Media Research Institute –, os meios de comunicação que se transformam em “peritos” da informação sobre terrorismo apoiam-se frequentemente em fontes que possuem ligações estreitas com Israel e o seu lobby americano.

Piper recorda que, em 1989, a Pantheon Books publicou um pequeno volume[xxvi]pouco publicitado, que transmite um olhar cru e revelador sobre o desenvolvimento e o crescimento da “indústria do terrorismo”. Neste livro, os coautores, Professor Edward Herman e Gerry O’Sullivan da Universidade de Pennsylvania, fornecem uma abordagem global compreensível da forma como poderosos interesses específicos privados (nacionais e estrangeiros) trabalharam com agências governamentais nos Estados Unidos e a nível internacional, de modo a influenciar o olhar do mundo sobre o fenómeno do terrorismo dos dias modernos.

O público é, assim, informado da actividade terrorista por um governo e por “peritos” essencialmente de direita, que confirmam e reforçam o discurso da política do Estado. Os mass media que carecem de uma perspectiva equilibrada servem habitualmente de canais para a promoção de estereótipos e de informação tendenciosa, quando não de pura propaganda. Devemos recordar aquilo que o historiador Harry Elmer Barnes em tempos escreveu sobre os métodos utilizados pelos “inimigos da verdade, para suprimirem os historiadores que se atrevem a levantar o véu sobre as razões conducentes aos acontecimentos mundiais (…). Acuso os promotores de notícias do nosso país de, com as palavras semi-histéricas que imprimem e proferem e através das quais vangloriam políticas diplomáticas e militares extremas, nos conduzirem rapidamente para uma guerra com objectivos ilimitados e inatingíveis, que acarretará consigo uma gigantesca catástrofe de ruína e revolução, tanto em casa como no estrangeiro. Quando falo de promotores de notícias refiro-me a oradores e escritores, que incluem editores, escritores, jornalistas (da imprensa e da rádio), dramaturgos, leitores, professores, educadores, senadores e outros eleitos, membros de gabinete, dirigentes políticos e presidentes. Quando escrevem e falam sobre este tema como se houvesse um consenso, a acção segue-se de forma tão certa quanto a manteiga deriva do leite azedo.”[xxvii]

Muitos relatórios e investigações ajudaram, de facto, a fazer luz sobre o trabalho em rede islamofóbico dos ditos peritos, académicos, meios de comunicação e doadores, que fabricam, produzem, distribuem e fomentam o medo dominante, a intolerância, o ódio e as mentiras contra os muçulmanos e o Islão nos Estados Unidos, tais como: “A charia constitui uma ameaça para a América”; “mesquitas são cavalos troianos”; “o Islão radical infiltrou a América, o governo e as principais organizações muçulmanas”; “não existe um Islão moderado”; “muçulmanos praticantes não podem ser americanos leais”; e por aí fora. Dois destes relatórios[xxviii]foram publicados em 2011 e em 2015, revelando que tinham sido gastos perto de 200 milhões de dólares para apoiar actividades anti-muçulmanas.

Um dos beneficiários destes fundos é o website de Robert Spencer, “Jihad watch”, que recebeu doações no valor de mais de $500,000, entre 2001 e 2009. As ideias propagadas por Spencer – bem conhecido por classificar o Islão como ameaça diabólica a erradicar[xxix]– tiveram um eco inevitável na América e alhures. Revela-o a história de Anders Breivik, o terrorista de extrema-direita, que em 22 de Julho de 2011, cometeu o pior massacre que o seu pacífico país natal escandinavo, a Noruega, conheceu desde a II Guerra Mundial. No seu manifesto de 1.500 páginas, intitulado “2083 – Uma Declaração de Independência Europeia”[xxx] , Breivik refere-se 162 vezes a Spencer e ao seu website. Nas palavras do Washington Post, “ o monstro que admitiu ter abatido pelos menos 76 vítimas inocentes na Noruega, sentia-se animado pela mesma combinação de paranóia, xenofobia e alienação que alimenta o sentimento anti-muçulmano nos Estados Unidos. Sim, poderia ter acontecido cá.”[xxxi]

Além disso, esta poderosa indústria islamofóbica parece ter conseguido sobrepor-se àqueles que tentam contrariar as políticas do medo. Bethany Allen-Ebrahimian conta esta luta épica num artigo[xxxii], que conclui constatando que “os ideólogos almejam marginalizar os muçulmanos ao relacionarem a sua linguagem e o seu activismo com a sua religião. Acreditam que os muçulmanos são malévolos, ambivalentes, e perigosos. Estes islamofóbicos manipulam a verdade para fazer valer as suas reivindicações. No decurso deste processo, negam ao Islão os direitos de que gozam os cristãos, e silenciam as pessoas melhor posicionadas para reconciliar o Islão com o modo de vida americano moderno. É este o âmago da questão.”

A “guerra contra o terrorismo” passou assim a fazer parte da agenda política da visão geral neoconservadora, em que o Professor Bernard Lewis desempenhou um papel importante, nomeadamente graças aos media, que promoveram sistematicamente as suas palestras e os seus livros.

Explicando o papel educativo e político de Bernard Lewis num excelente artigo[xxxiii]escrito em Dezembro de 2002, Lamis Andoni analisava que o trabalho de Lewis e, sobretudo, o seu livro inflamatório “What went wrong: Western Impact and Middle East Responses” – publicado em Janeiro de 2002, logo após os ataques terroristas de 11 de Setembro, mas escrito pouco tempo antes dos mesmos – serviu de fonte principal para aquilo que se tornou praticamente um manifesto dos apoiantes da intervenção militar dos Estados Unidos para o “restabelecimento da democracia no Médio Oriente”. Esta apreciação havia, de facto, sido confirmada por Paul Wolfowitz em Março de 2002. Exprimindo-se através de um vídeofone durante uma cerimónia especial organizada em Tel Avive em honra do proeminente orientalista, Wolfowitz afirmou que “Bernard Lewis tinha analisado de forma brilhante as relações e as questões do Médio Oriente colocando-as num contexto mais alargado, dentro de uma linha de pensamento objectiva, original e sempre independente. Bernard ensinou [-nos] como compreender a história complexa e importante do Médio Oriente e utilizá-la como guia para construirmos um mundo melhor para as gerações vindouras.” A mesma análise foi confirmada no dia 5 de Abril de 2003, pelo New York Times, que descrevia o livro como tendo exercido grande influência no modo de pensar da administração Bush.

Ao declarar que os povos do Médio Oriente – ou seja, os árabes e os muçulmanos – falharam o comboio da modernidade e entraram numa “espiral descendente de ódio e raiva”, Lewis não só exonerou as políticas imperialistas americanas fornecendo-lhes uma justificação moral e histórica para a “guerra contra o terror” de Washington, como emergiu como principal ideólogo da recolonização do mundo árabe. Andoni deduziu este último aspecto da conclusão da obra, onde Lewis escreve que “se os povos do Médio Oriente prosseguirem o seu caminho actual, o bombista suicida poderá tornar-se a metáfora de toda a região não havendo, então, maneira de escapar a uma espiral descendente de ódio e despeito, raiva e autocomiseração, pobreza e opressão, que cedo ou tarde culminará num novo jugo estrangeiro.”

Tudo isto foi claramente resumido no já referido artigo de James Carroll, que concluía afirmando que a herança do hábito europeu da paranóia politizada tem vindo a ser continuada, de forma magistral, por dirigentes enlouquecidos da América do pós-11 de Setembro. Também eles, acrescenta, transformaram o medo do Islão numa fonte de poder, dando continuidade ao que fizeram prelados, cruzados, conquistadores e colonizadores. A História ensina-nos que este tipo de projecção interesseira pode, de facto, conduzir à criação de um inimigo pronto e desejante de transformar o pesadelo em realidade…

É contra este cenário de fundo que, numa próxima análise, analisaremos os acontecimentos do 11 de Setembro e o seu impacto nas relações contemporâneas entre o Ocidente e o Islão.

Amir Nour [i]

Artigo em inglês :

Islam and the West: What Went Wrong and Why

15 de Março de 2018

 

Notes

[i]Investigador argelino em relações internacionais, autor do livro “L’Orient et l’Occident à l’heure d’un nouveau Sykes-Picot” (“O Oriente e o Ocidente na hora de um novo Sykes-Picot”), Ed. Alem El Afkar, Argel, 2014: download gratuito através dos links: http://algerienetwork.com/blog/lorient-et-loccident-a-lheure-dun-nouveau-sykes-picot-par-amir-nour/(Francês) ;

http://algerienetwork.com/blog/العالم-العربي-على-موعد-مع-سايكس-بيكو-ج/(Árabe) 

[ii]Noam Chomsky, “Masters of Mankind: Essays and lectures, 1969-2013”, Haymarket books, Chicago, 2014. 

[iii]Dan Brown, “The Da Vinci Code”, Doubleday, 2003. 

[iv]Malek Bennabi (1905-1973), escritor e filósofo argelino, que dedicou a maior parte da sua vida à observação e análise da História procurando compreender as leis gerais que estão por trás do nascimento e da queda das civilizações. É sobretudo conhecido por ter cunhado o conceito de “colonizabilidade” (a aptidão interior para ser colonizado) bem como a noção de “mundialismo” (Globalismo). 

[v]Traduzido do Árabe. In Malek Bennabi, 2ج وجهة العالم الإسلامي (Vocação do Islão, Parte 2), Dar Al-Fikr, Damasco, Síria, 2012. 

[vi]Norman Podhoretz, “World War IV: The Long Struggle Against Islamofascism, Doubleday, New York, 2007. 

[vii]Graham E. Fuller, “A World Without Islam”, Foreign Policy, Janeiro 2008. 

[viii]Arnold J. Toynbee, historiador inglês. Com a sua história em 12 volumes, intitulada “A Study of History”, contribuiu com uma filosofia da História baseada na análise do desenvolvimento cíclico e do declínio das civilizações, que provocou intensos debates. No seu estudo, iniciado em 1922 e completado em 1961, examinou o nascimento e a queda de 26 civilizações ao longo da história da humanidade. Concluíu que as civilizações nasciam respondendo com sucesso aos desafios quando dirigidas por minorias criativas compostas por dirigentes de élite, que decaíam quando os seus dirigentes deixavam de responder de forma criativa e se afundavam devido aos pecados do nacionalismo e do militarismo e à tirania de uma minoria despótica. Contrariamente a Spengler e ao seu “The Decline of the West”, Toynbee não encarava a morte das civilizações como algo de inevitável, uma vez que estas podem, ou não, continuar a responder aos sucessivos desafios. E, contrariamente a Karl Marx, considerava que a História era estruturada por forças espirituais e não por forças económicas (Fonte: Encyclopædia Britannica online, 2008). 

[ix]Arnold J. Toynbee, “The Western Question in Greece and Turkey: A Study in the Contact of Civilizations”, Constable and Company Ltd., 1922. 

[x]Arnold J. Toynbee, “Islam, the West, and the Future”, in “Civilization on Trial”, Oxford University Press, 1948. 

[xi]Bernard Lewis (com Buntzie Ellis Churchill), “Notes On A Century: Reflections of A Middle East Historian”, Penguin Books, New York, 2012. 

[xii]Basil Mathews, “Young Islam On Treck: A Study in the Clash of Civilizations”, Friendship Press, New York, 1926. Depois de ter servido no Ministério Britânico da Informação durante a II Guerra Mundial, foi Secretário Literário da Conferência das Sociedades Missionárias britânica e editor de Outward Bound. Em 1924, foi destacado de Londres para Genebra, Suíça, enquanto Secretário Literário da Secção de Rapazes da Aliança Mundial das Associações Cristãs de Jovens.

[xiii]Bernard Lewis, “Islam and the West”, Oxford University Press, 1993. 

[xiv]James Carroll, “The War Against Islam”, in The Boston Globe, June 7, 2005. 

[xv]1868-74, 1880-85, 1886, 1892-94. 

[xvi]Citado em Paul G. Lauren, ed, “The China Hands’ Legacy: Ethics and Diplomacy”, Westview Press, 1987, p. 136. Encontra-se uma variante desta citação em Rafiq Zakaria, “Muhammad and the Quran”, Penguin Books, 1991, p. 59: “So long as there is this book, there will be no peace in the world”.

[xvii]Samuel Phillips Huntington, “The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order”, Simon & Schuster, 1996. 

[xviii] “Young Islam On Treck: A Study in the Clash of Civilizations”, op cit., p. 199.

[xix]Esta apreciação difere totalmente de escritos como o livro do astrofísico Michael H. Heart, “The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History” (Hart Pub. Co, 1978), em que o Profeta  Muhammad aparece listado em primeiro lugar. À pergunta sobre o motivo desta escolha, o autor respondeu: “O facto de ter escolhido Muhammad para encabeçar a lista das pessoas mais influentes ao nível mundial poderá surpreender alguns leitores e ser questionado por outros, mas foi o único homem na história extremamente bem sucedido, tanto ao nível religioso como secular.” (Para uma leitura mais aprofundada sobre este assunto, conferir:

 http://www.iupui.edu/~msaiupui/thetop100.html?id=61 ). Ou o livro de Karen Armstrong, “Muhammad: A prophet For Our Time”, Harpers Collins, 2006, em que a autora de renome demonstra que a vida de Muhammad — um ponto de viragem na História —tem relevância genuína no contexto da crise global que hoje enfrentamos.

[xx]In Bernard Lewis, “The Roots of Muslim Rage”,The Atlantic, September 1990 issue.

[xxi]Olive Branch Press, 2001.

[xxii]Mostrado pela primeira vez em 2007:

 https://www.democracynow.org/2007/10/19/reel_bad_arabs_how_hollywood_vilifies

[xxiii]Neste livro decisivo, “Orientalism”, publicado pela primeira vez em 1978, Edward Said observa: “Utilizando o século XVIII tardio como ponto de partida sumariamente definido, o Orientalismo pode ser discutido e analisado enquanto instituição que gere as relações com o Oriente – lidando com ele mediante o estabelecimento de declarações, olhares autorizados, descrições, lições sobre o mesmo, habitando-o/colonizando-o, governando-o; por outras palavras, o Orientalismo enquanto estilo ocidental para dominar, restruturar e exercer autoridade sobre o Oriente… A minha opinião é que se não examinarmos o Orientalismo enquanto discurso, não é possível compreender o modo sistemático e disciplinado como a cultura europeia conseguiu gerir – e até produzir – o Oriente, do ponto de vista político, sociológico, militar, ideológico, científico e imaginário, depois do Iluminismo. Mais, esta postura autoritária do Orientalismo, vai tão longe que, do meu ponto de vista, qualquer pessoa que escreva, pense ou actue no e sobre o Oriente não o pode fazer sem ter em conta as limitações impostas pelo Orientalismo, tanto do ponto de vista do pensamento como da acção. Dito em poucas palavras, devido ao Orientalismo o Oriente não foi (e não é) um tema livre, de pensamento ou de acção… A cultura europeia ganharia em força e em identidade se fixasse como objectivo não encarar o Oriente como uma espécie de eu undergroundde substituição.”

[xxiv]Cf. a minha análise intitulada “The Western Roots of ‘Middle Eastern terrorism”:

 http://thesaker.is/the-western-roots-of-middle-eastern-terrorism/#post-28423-footnote-ref-17

[xxv]Cf. o livro “The High Priests of War”, American Free Press, Washington, D.C., 2004. Download gratuito em:

 http://users.skynet.be/boekanier/High_Priests_of_War.pdf 

[xxvi] “Terrorism Industry: The Experts and Institutes That Shape Our View of Terror”. 

[xxvii]Harry Elmer Barnes (editor), “Perpetual War for Perpetual Peace: A Critical Examination of the Foreign Policy of Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Its Aftermath”, Caldwell, Idaho, Caxton Printers, Ltd., 1953. 

[xxviii]Ver o relatório do Center for American Progress “Fear Inc.: the Roots of Islamophobia Network in America”, 2011; e o relatório CAIR “Legislating Fear: Islamophobia and its Impact in the United States”, 2015. 

[xxix]Robert Spencer é o autor de livros odiosos como: “Stealth Jihad: How Radical Islam Is Subverting America without Guns or Bombs” “Religion of Peace?: Why Christianity Is and Islam Isn’t” e “The Truth about Muhammad: Founder of the World’s Most Intolerant Religion”. 

[xxx]Ler o manifesto em : https://publicintelligence.net/anders-behring-breiviks-complete-manifesto-2083-a-european-declaration-of-independence/

[xxxi]Eugene Robinson, “Anders Behring Breivik and the influence industry hate”, The Washington Post, 25 de Julho de 2011: 

https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/anders-behring-breivik-and-the-influence-industry-of-rage/2011/07/25/gIQASd2WZI_story.html?utm_term=.8c0880c06bf3

[xxxii]Ler“The Making of Islamophobia Inc.”, Foreign Policy, 16 de Março de 2017:https://www.google.dz/amp/foreignpolicy.com/2017/03/16/the-making-of-islamophobia-inc/amp/

[xxxiii]Lamis Andoni, “Bernard Lewis: In the Service of Empire”, The Electronic Intifada, 16 de Dezembro de 2016. 

 

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God is with us; Understand all ye nations and submit yourselves!

We, the Patriarchs: John X, Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch and all the East, Ignatius Aphrem II, Syrian Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch and all the East, and Joseph Absi, Melkite-Greek Catholic Patriarch of Antioch, Alexandria, and Jerusalem, condemn and denounce the brutal aggression that took place this morning against our precious country Syria by the USA, France and the UK, under the allegations that the Syrian government has used chemical weapons. We raise our voices to affirm the following:

  1. This brutal aggression is a clear violation of the international laws and the UN Charter, because it is an unjustified assault on a sovereign country, member of the UN.
  2. It causes us great pain that this assault comes from powerful countries to which Syria did not cause any harm in any way.
  3. The allegations of the USA and other countries that the Syrian army is using chemical weapons and that Syria is a country that owns and uses this kind of weapon, is a claim that is unjustified and unsupported by sufficient and clear evidence.
  4. The timing of this unjustified aggression against Syria, when the independent International Commission for Inquiry was about to start its work in Syria, undermines of the work of this commission.
  5. This brutal aggression destroys the chances for a peaceful political solution and leads to escalation and more complications.
  6. This unjust aggression encourages the terrorist organizations and gives them momentum to continue in their terrorism.
  7. We call upon the Security Council of the United Nations to play its natural role in bringing peace rather than contribute to escalation of wars.
  8. We call upon all churches in the countries that participated in the aggression, to fulfill their Christian duties, according to the teachings of the Gospel, and condemn this aggression and to call their governments to commit to the protection of international peace.
  9. We salute the courage, heroism and sacrifices of the Syrian Arab Army which courageously protects Syria and provide security for its people. We pray for the souls of the martyrs and the recovery of the wounded. We are confident that the army will not bow before the external or internal terrorist aggressions; they will continue to fight courageously against terrorism until every inch of the Syrian land is cleansed from terrorism. We, likewise, commend the brave stand of countries which are friendly to the Syria and its people.

We offer our prayers for the safety, victory, and deliverance of Syria from all kinds of wars and terrorism. We also pray for peace in Syria and throughout the world, and call for strengthening the efforts of the national reconciliation for the sake of protecting the country and preserving the dignity of all Syrians.

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Voices of the Syrian People

April 16th, 2018 by Andre Vltchek

The attack against Syria – this proud and independent country -has just taken place.

Three countries with zero moral mandate to judge or punish anybody; three countries, already responsible for hundreds of millions of human lives lost on all continents for centuries, showered Syria with their missiles.

They tried to scare to death Syria, and to break its determination, but they failed. Most of the Syrian people stood proudly by their government.

71 out of 103 of the Western missiles were shot down, and the rest fell on the empty facilities, which have nothing to do with a ‘production or storage of the chemical weapons’. To begin with, Syria has no chemical weapons program and no chemical weapons factories,as well as no warehouses, so nothing could really fall on something that does not exist.

This was yet another gross violation of the international law, but again, the West has been violating the international laws for decades and centuries, brutalizing the entire Planet. Therefore, no one is surprised. Many people are angry, even outraged, but surprised – no.

The Russian forces are now on combat alert, while the massive Chinese fleet has left its ports, staging firing drill and exercises near Taiwan, in what many see as a clear warning to the West, and expression of support and solidarity with Russia and Syria.

*

The Syrian Ambassador to the U.N., Dr. Bashar Jaafari, accused the US, UK, and France of blatantly violating the UN Charter. As reported by Syria’s SANA news agency, he declared:

“I would clarify here that the history of these three states is built on using lies and fabricated stories to wage wars in order to occupy states, seize their resources, and change governments in them by force.”

Russia is clearly indignant. As reported by RT:

“While none of the cruise missiles launched by the US and its allies reached the Russian air defense zones, the strikes sparked outrage in Moscow.

Russian Foreign Ministry Spokeswoman Maria Zakharova said the US-led strikes hit a war-ravaged country “that has been trying to survive terrorist aggression for many years.” In a statement posted on Facebook, she compared the invasion to the start of the 2003 Iraq War, which was based on claims that Iraq was developing weapons of mass destruction.”

China opposed the strikes. According to Press TV, it called for ‘return to the framework of international law’:

“Chinese Foreign ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying said on Saturday that Beijing was “opposed to the use of force” following the tripartite aerial assaults against Syria and called for a “return to the framework of international law.

We consistently oppose the use of force in international relations, and advocate respect for the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of all countries,” she said in a statement.”

The voices of protest are mounting, all over the world.

*

The most important, however, is the reaction of the Syrian people. Confronted with tremendous danger, they are demonstrating both courage and resolve to protect their motherland.

Vanessa Beeley, an editor of the 21st Century Wire, and a veteran correspondent, who has been bravely covering the Syrian war for several years, expressed her admiration for the people of Syria. For this report, she stated:

“Syrian people are celebrating a historic victory in a battle that threatened to take the entire world to war.

This is a victory for Syria using antiquated equipment and missiles that cost a fraction of those US, UK and French ‘Tomahawks’, at $1.4 million each – they repelled a concerted attack from three of most aggressive and powerful neocon nations. The damage was severely limited. This was a costly failure for the imperialists and a show of courageous defiance by Syria in the face of asymmetric force.”

Yes, truly costly (both financially, but above all, morally) and embarrassing failure!

*

I asked several Syrian citizens from all walks of life to comment on the recent attacks against their country:

 

Fida with Palestinian children in Damascus

From Ms Fida Bashour, an economist from Damascus:

“I was scared when I woke up but now things are better. I went out to the city center in the morning and just came back home. Things are actually fine and yes, we will win!”

From Mr Essa Tahhan, an engineer from Aleppo:

Essa Tahhan

“The people of Aleppo, and other Syrian governorates condemn the American attack on Syria … Americans claim that they believe chemical weapons were used in Duma …That was a justification for the attack.  This morning people gathered in Saadallah Jabri Square to condemn this assault … and they support the Syrian army, which confronted it. Before the attack, people had already been inventing jokes against President Trump, just to have fun… For example, a university student wrote on his Facebook page: ‘Will you Trump beat Syria tomorrow? Because I have an exam to take tomorrow at my university … so if you plan to attack, I should not study and instead prepare myself for you.'”

From Dr Hiam Bashour. She is a medical doctor working and living in Damascus:

“I am very angry after the night of horror that we had to live through. It all makes me feel furious… After seven years of lies being spread against Syria.  In spite of everything, Syrian people are resilient and will continue to love the country, fight for the country, and unite for the country.

Tens of thousands of caricatures are now making fun of the situations. They have been going around on the social media and through the WhatsApp groups, for the past three or four days. These drawings clearly reflect the irony of this war. We know, we realize how sad all this is, but it is an innovative way of the Syrian people to cope with this irony, sadness and brutality.”

Mr Fadi Loufti, a hairdresser in Damascus:

“I was awoken at 4am hearing a very loud sound of an explosion. My house was shaking terribly. I immediately checked FaceBook and realized that we were under attack. Trump is such a fool to think he can destroy us. He can attack us again and again, but we will not surrender.” 

Two Syrian students in Damascus expressed their support for the government, as well as for the Syrian armed forces:

Ms Rana a 21 years old woman from Damascus:

“We were horrified when we heard the explosions last night, but we have faith in our army and in our leadership and as we all know now, the Syrian army succeeded in shooting down most of the missiles. We consider this to be our victory. And we see it as a humiliation of the attackers “

Mr Majd, a male student from Homs, commented:

“Today is a day off for most Syrians but we are all out in force, to show our support to the army and to our government. We do not fear their missiles and we will always shoot them down if they come. Syria has gone through through a horrible war for the last seven years, and now this latest attack would definitely not manage to break our spirit.”

The following simple but powerful analyses, based on pure logic, were shared with me by a close friend; a young Syrian intellectual, who prefers to remain anonymous:

“One of the biggest lies both France and the United States are busy spreading, is that they targeted a chemical weapon research facility and a warehouse designated for storing these weapons. The research facility is located inside the city of Damascus, and if it would really be a facility for producing chemical weapons, then we should have seen a lot of people being killed after the attack, due to the leakage of those chemical materials. But no one died from any leakage, which clearly proves that the West lied.

Also, the warehouse the West targeted is located in the surroundings of the city of Homs, also in the midst of a heavily populated area, but no one died from the leakage there either. Again, it proves that the warehouse was not what the West claims it was.”

*

Instead of falling on their knees, (as the West expected them to do), just a few hours after the attack Syrian people flooded the squares, parks and avenues, dancing on the streets, waving their national flag and celebrating.

In many places, Syrian and Russian flags were flying side by side. They still are. And they always will.

Syria! It is a nation that does not know how to beg, a nation of brave men, women, and children. It will not be defeated, and its victory may soon become the first nail in the coffin of the Western expansionism and imperialism.

*

This article was originally published on New Eastern Outlook.

Andre Vltchek is a philosopher, novelist, filmmaker and investigative journalist. He has covered wars and conflicts in dozens of countries. Three of his latest books are his tribute to “The Great October Socialist Revolution” a revolutionary novel “Aurora” and a bestselling work of political non-fiction: “Exposing Lies Of The Empire”. View his other books here. Watch Rwanda Gambit, his groundbreaking documentary about Rwanda and DRCongo and his film/dialogue with Noam Chomsky “On Western Terrorism”. Vltchek presently resides in East Asia and the Middle East, and continues to work around the world. He can be reached through his website and his Twitter.

Images in this article are from various Syrian individuals through the author.


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Somebody has some explaining to do… or did the Syrian airstrikes just ‘distract’ the citizenry from the reality surrounding the Skripal poisoning.

Remember how we were told my the politicians (not the scientists) that a deadly Novichok nerve agent – produced by Russia – was used in the attempted assassination of the Skripals? Remember the 50 questions (here and here) we had surrounding the ‘facts’ as Theresa May had laid them out? Ever wonder why, given how utterly deadly we were told this chemical was, the Skripals wondered around for a few hours after being ‘infected’ and then days later, survived with no chronic damage?

Well those doubts may well have just been answered as according to the independent Swiss state Spiez lab, the substance used on Sergei Skripal was an agent called BZ, which was never produced in Russia, but was in service in the US, UK, and other NATO states.

RT reports that Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said, citing the results of the examination conducted by a Swiss chemical lab that worked with the samples that London handed over to the Organisation for the Prohibition of the Chemical Weapons (OPCW), that Sergei Skripal, a former Russian double agent, and his daughter Yulia were poisoned with an incapacitating toxin known as 3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate or BZ.

The Swiss center sent the results to the OPCW.

However, the UN chemical watchdog limited itself only to confirming the formula of the substance used to poison the Skripals in its final report without mentioning anything about the other facts presented in the Swiss document, the Russian foreign minister added.

He went on to say that Moscow would ask the OPCW about its decision to not include any other information provided by the Swiss in its report.

On a side note, the Swiss lab is also an internationally recognized center of excellence in the field of the nuclear, biological, and chemical protection and is one of the five centers permanently authorized by the OPCW.

The Russian foreign minister said that London refused to answer dozens of “very specific” questions asked by Moscow about the Salisbury case, as well as to provide any substantial evidence that could shed light on the incident.

Instead, the UK accused Russia of failing to answer its own questions, he said, adding that, in fact, London did not ask any questions but wanted Moscow to admit that it was responsible for the delivery of the chemical agent to the UK.

But hey, who cares about any of that? Diplomats have been sent home, Putin has been anointed Hitler, and besides, what about those missiles in Syria?

*

Featured image is from Zero Hedge.

VISIT MY NEW WEB SITE: 

stephenlendman.org 

(Home – Stephen Lendman). 

Contact at [email protected].

The Times makes painful reading, consistently featuring disinformation on major geopolitical issues – supporting the official US narrative, cheerleading its wars of aggression, functioning as a virtual imperial press agent.

The Times:

“After Saturday’s predawn strike in Syria on three suspected chemical weapons sites, government officials and outside experts agreed that the attack, while double the size of last year’s, was unlikely to eliminate Mr. Assad’s ability to gas his own people yet again.”

Fact: No CW sites were struck by US-led terror-bombing. None exist.

Empty buildings were destroyed along with a facility for developing cancer drugs.

According to the Institution for the Development of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Industries head Saeed Saeed:

“Since the Syria crisis broke out, the country has been short of all kinds of medicines due to the sanctions from Western countries.”

“Foreign companies stopped exporting high-quality medicines to Syria, especially anti-cancer medicines.”

“So we have been conducting researches on anti-cancer medicines here, and three cancer drugs have been developed.”

“If there were chemical weapons in the (now destroyed) building, “we would (have needed) to wear masks and take other protective measures…”

The Times accepted the fabricated after-action Pentagon report at face value – instead of responsibly questioning its validity and justification.

After striking selected targets, the Times admitted “there (were) no reports of chemical agent leakage from the sites” – failing to state no CWs or anything related to them were in facilities the Pentagon called the “heart” of Assad’s toxic weapons program, none existing.

Instead, the Times continued its false narrative, claiming

“(w)hile it is easy to blow up Mr. Assad’s chemical facilities, it is also relatively simple for him to reconstitute them elsewhere, or just turn to a commercially available substance like chlorine to make a crude poison that any nation is allowed to possess.”

Not a shred of evidence suggests the above rubbish – the Times adding “Assad has learned a lot about how to hide his stockpiles from inspectors.”

In September 2014, the pro-Western OPCW confirmed the elimination of Syria’s entire CW arsenal. No evidence suggests any toxins remain hidden from anyone.

Nothing proves Syrian forces ever used these banned weapons throughout years of war. US-supported terrorist were caught red-handed using them numerous times.

Syrian forces discovered tons of banned toxins in liberated East Ghouta.

On Saturday, an inflammatory French report claimed

“the Syrian military retains expertise from its traditional chemical weapons agent program to both use sarin and produce and deploy chlorine munitions,” adding:

Washington “assesses (Damascus) still has chemicals -specifically sarin and chlorine – that it can use in future attacks.”

No evidence corroborates the above claims, groundless without it. Washington claims chlorine and possibly sarin were used in Douma.

Yet no one was harmed, killed, ill, or otherwise affected, according to local Syrian medical personnel and Russian technical experts visiting the site. Analysis of soil samples showed no CW residues.

The Times report turned truth on its head – reading like a Pentagon press release, a disgraceful example of scoundrel media-supported propaganda.

*

Stephen Lendman is a Research Associate of the CRG, Correspondent of Global Research based in Chicago.

VISIT MY NEW WEB SITE: stephenlendman.org (Home – Stephen Lendman). Contact at [email protected].

My newest book as editor and contributor is titled “Flashpoint in Ukraine: How the US Drive for Hegemony Risks WW III.”

The US warned Russia ahead of the overnight strikes on Syria, US Ambassador to Russia Jon Huntsman said, adding that the military action was not “about the conflict between superpowers.”

“Before we took the action, the United States communicated with the Russian Federation to reduce the danger of any Russian or civilian casualties,” Huntsman said, claiming that “all the targets were linked with the Assad regime’s illegal chemical weapons program.”

Huntsman urged Moscow to “do the right thing and join the rest of the world in condemning the Assad regime,” adding that Washington was still open for “cooperation.” The diplomat once again squarely pinned the blame for the alleged chemical attack in the town of Douma on the Syrian government, citing “large amount of credible reporting” on the incident.

The US and its allies attacked Syria shortly before the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) mission was expected to begin its work in the town of Douma. Both Syria and Russia welcomed the OPCW fact-finding mission to determine whether any chemical incident took place.

When will you get the message? Comply, as Jordan, Egypt and others did and we’ll protect your leaders, ensure favorable press, shore up your economy, secure energy needs, and engage your businessmen. In short: abide by our imperial diktat.

Alternative advice to a marginal (but an ambitious) nation determined to follow an independent course might be: build a solid self-sufficient economy; lure home your best expatriate talent in IT, engineering, medical research and media. Having done this, you may survive if: if you keep your head down, if you don’t ally yourself with another strong power, if you abandon all regional ambitions, and if your people don’t try to excel? Above all, never do anything nasty “to your own people” allowing human rights specialists to declare at the appropriate moment, your “threat to humankind”.

Whichever is the best strategy for survival, neither Syria nor Iraq found a way to avoid the wrath of the American-Israeli-British bloc.

We could make lists of ‘did’ and ‘didn’t do’, one for Syria and one for Iraq, to assess their relative compliance. In any event, they’ll both earn “F”. So they have to be starved, humiliated, desiccated and demonized. Then, when this doesn’t produce a sufficiently convincing “F-minus”, they’re bombed, and bombed again.

It’s Syria’s turn. The only reason I can imagine how Syrians feel today—those citizens who are somehow managing to survive within its borders– is because I was in Iraq in February 2003, in the days preceding the US invasion there. Women and men and children and soldiers and medics and teachers and diplomats and journalists—everyone– mutely awaited the blows. Finding themselves at that threshold stunned the whole population. Why now? Why: because Iraq had begun to get back on its feet after a decade of brutal embargo and exclusion. The cost to the nation had been huge. But (by 2000) Iraq managed to lessen its diplomatic isolation; it even expected the United Nations might lift the US-imposed sanctions. Citizens commenced determinedly to rebuild. They could glimpse the end of the tunnel.

We know what happened next. And we know how that invasion was fabricated on phony evidence to “finish the job” (an idiom common to cowboys and gangsters).

Now to Syria fourteen years on. As recently as December 2017, ISIS was in retreat and citizens began to return to areas liberated by an exhausted but still viable Syrian army. Territories occupied by ISIS and other rebels were retaken by Syrian troops. Some inter-city roads reopened, heating oil was available, food prices seemed lower, and a few foreign groups dared to visit the capital. Gasps of hope emanating from the besieged people were palpable.

In the case of Iraq, by 2002, it started to rebound after a decade of decline due to the embargo. The entire nation had been fractured and impoverished; bodies and nerves were battered by pollution, disease and scarcity of medicines–all precipitated by the blockade. Iraq lost millions of its young; its wheat fields had been destroyed, first untreated by pesticides, then firebombed by foreign aircraft; its diplomatic energy was exhausted, and its Kurds had secured a protected territory which forecast the nation’s possible breakup. Iraq had an army but no air force, its planes in disrepair, its pilots gone. The nation’s oil revenues, controlled from outside, were of little use in addressing its massive civilian needs.

Starting in 1998, with astonishing fortitude, Iraq had begun to erode the blockade, extracting itself from that deadly vortex. Baghdad hosted an international trade fair. Building cranes reappeared on the city’s skyline; regional airlines began regular flights into Baghdad airport.

Just when Iraqis felt they might actually beat back the embargo, they were confronted by another war—a blanket military assault. And no one doubted how defenseless Iraq was.

Worldwide, acknowledging the inevitability of an invasion on Iraq, a few million people roused themselves in protest. That day, February 15, 2003, I was in Mosul in north Iraq and I witnessed firsthand the public’s bleak mood. Those far off demonstrations, instead of offering hope, only confirmed to Iraqis the veracity of the military plan against them. (Who cares what those panicky demonstrators shout; they are 13 years’ late.) That dissent, they muttered, was disingenuous, driven only by Americans’ fears for their own fighters.

Now, Syria. In 2010, more restrictions were added to earlier sanctions that had already marginalized Syria globally and impeded its economic development. Wikileak’s published diplomatic documents, reveal that by 2006, Washington had a stated objective to overthrow the Syrian government. The uprisings in North Africa (the so-called Arab Spring) may have provided an impetus for the burst of public dissent in Syria. After a merciless crackdown by security forces, civil unrest spread until the country devolved into a sectarian war that spread more quickly than was experienced by Iraq. Syria’s once robust and proudly self-sufficient economy began to collapse; youths and professionals left, emptying its universities and hospitals of staff and students.

Foreign observers surmised Syria would fall within six months, that Al-Assad could not withstand the forces mobilized against his government. They didn’t know Syria.

With Russian support, but drawing on its willfulness and military power, Syria surprised everyone. Although the toll on its troops has been staggering, Syrian forces recaptured land lost to its foes. It kept major roads open, and secured unfailing support from Russia, Iran and Lebanon.

Losses to the nation are immense, the staggering civilian toll graphically recorded day after day. Although terribly crippled, the country managed to regain territory and defeat ISIS on several fronts– successes lamented by the western press. Syria’s defeat of ISIS notwithstanding, American generals declare that they will remain in Syria “until ISIS is defeated”, then announce that additional fighters will be sent to the country.

After the US president muttered something about disengaging from Syria, the press challenged him to demonstrate resolve, to show real leadership, how the job was left unfinished. Saturday, the bombing began, silently applauded by Israel, and bolstered by the UK and France.

*

Barbara Nimri Aziz is a frequent contributor to Global Research.

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Missile Attacks on Syria: Why Do They Tell Us Transparent Lies?

April 16th, 2018 by Dr. Paul Craig Roberts

US officials and the presstitutes tell us that the illegal US missile attack on Syria destroyed chemical weapons sites where chlorine and sarin are stored/manufactured.  If this were true, would not a lethal cloud have been released that would have taken the lives of far more people than claimed in the alleged Syrian chemical attack on Douma?   Would not the US missile attack be identical to a chemical weapons attack and thus place the US and its vassals in the same category as Washington is attempting to place Assad and Putin?

What about it, you chemical weapons experts?  Do chemical weapons only release their elements when they explode from intended use but not when they explode from being militarily attacked?  

There is no evidence in Syria of chemical residue from the chemical weapons facilities allegedly destroyed by US missiles. No dead victims.  No reports of hospitals treating Syrian casualties of the American chemical attack. How can this be if such sites were actually hit? 

When I was a Wall Street Journal editor newspapers had competent journalists to whom such a question would occur.  But no more.  Stephen Lendman takes the New York Times to task for its unprofessionalism.  The NY Times is no longer a news source.  It is a propaganda megaphone.  

*

This article was originally published on Paul Craig Roberts Institute for Political Economy.

Dr. Paul Craig Roberts is a frequent contributor to Global Research.

US Representative to the UN Nikki Haley undiplomatically threatened to “slap” Russia while speaking at a university late last week, reinforcing the impression that she’s cultivated over the past year of being an iconoclastic figure just like her boss in challenging all existing conventions of her profession. Instead of speaking obliquely and implying asymmetrical responses to the differences that she has with her country’s geopolitical rival like any other diplomat – especially a UN one – would ordinarily do, Haley decided to make a post-modern spectacle by personalizing the hitherto peaceful disagreements between the US and Russia in a condescending and mildly violent way. Instead of being ashamed of her rhetoric, Haley is visibly proud of it because she relishes in being the “anti-diplomat” and functioning as a Kraken-like systemic disruptor in shaking up the order of business at the UN.

What she’s doing is channeling Trump by returning to cruder, but more direct, forms of communication that don’t adhere to the socio-political standards that have developed with time, and just like with the President, “what you see is what you get” when it comes to his UN envoy. There’s no ambiguity over who the US’ friends or foes are at any given moment, and all of its counterparts know that there will be consequences if they don’t fall in line with Washington’s new “America First” ideology because the government has proven that it isn’t shy about flexing its unipolar muscles in bullying and humiliating other countries in its quest to “Make America Great Again”. Russia has refused to play “second fiddle” to the US, and that’s why it’s bearing the brunt of America’s insults lately.

In every which way possible, Haley is the “female Trump” and the embodiment of everything that he stands for. She’s inexperienced, yet very confident, and her very presence on the international stage is designed to be as disruptive as possible in order to create new opportunities for the US to exert its influence amidst the “calculated chaos” that it causes. She’s direct, assertive, and has a tendency to oversimplify complex developments by personalizing them through easy-to-understand but highly offensive examples that get the point across to her targeted audience. The more entrenched that a means of behavior is to the existing elite, the more that she endeavors to smash conventions through shocking stunts that capture widespread attention and lead to the conclusion that she’s an “agent of change”, for better or for worse.

Nikki Haley

Haley’s latest disrespectful remarks about Russia are also a form of psychological warfare against the Kremlin, just like Trump’s tweets are, in that they’re trying to provoke a reciprocally iconoclastic response whereby Moscow lowers itself to Washington’s level in eschewing all standards of politeness to “fight fire with fire”. Doing so, however, would constitute a self-inflicted wound to the country’s soft power because Russian diplomats aren’t professionally hardwired to behave that way, meaning that they’d uncomfortably be fighting on the Americans’ turf and would always be at a disadvantage. That said, what Russia truly specializes in and which drives the US crazy is its snarky replies to Western ridiculousness, which has apparently gotten under America’s skin and provoked Haley into her fit of rhetorical rage in threatening to “slap” Russia.

Given that it might actually be Russia leading the US on the path of reputational self-destruction and not the reverse, it’ll be amusing to see how its diplomats respond to this and whether they can infuriate her into making similar such statements that harm her country’s international soft power standing.

*

Andrew Korybko is an American Moscow-based political analyst specializing in the relationship between the US strategy in Afro-Eurasia, China’s One Belt One Road global vision of New Silk Road connectivity, and Hybrid Warfare. He is a frequent contributor to Global Research.

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Featured image: The guided missile cruiser USS Monterey fires a Tomahawk missile in the U.S. 5th Fleet area of operations, April 14, 2018. (Navy photo by Lt. j.g Matthew Daniels)

THE CHAIN OF EVENTS:

1. Early on April 14, the US, the UK and France delivered a massive missile strike on Syria using warships, fighter jets and strategic bombers. US Defense Secretary Jim Mattis described the strikes as “harder” than the 2017 strikes on Shayrat military airfield. However, he added that no further launches had been planned for the moment.

“I’d like to address how this evening’s strike were qualitatively and quantitatively different than 2017. Last year we conducted a unilateral strike on a single site. The focus was on the aircraft associated with the Syrian chemical weapons attack in April of 2017.

This evening we conducted strikes with two allies on multiple sites that will result in a long-term degradation of Syria’s capability to research, develop and employ chemical and biological weapons. Important infrastructure was destroyed, which will result in a setback for the Syrian regime. They will lose years of research and development data, specialized equipment and expensive chemical weapons precursors.

The strike was not only a strong message to the regime that their actions were inexcusable, but it also inflicted maximum damage, without unnecessary risk to innocent civilians,” Mattis said during a press briefing.

US President Donald Trump publicly explained his decision to strike Syria in an adress to the nation. He blamed Russia and Iran for providing support to the Assad government, which according to Trump, had been behind of the alleged chemical attack in the town of Douma on April 7. However, no proofs or results of the investigation confirming these allegations were provided by the President.

The US-led bloc also ignored that the OPCW investigators arrived in Syria on April 12 to probe the Douma incident but did not visit the area yet. No invesigation was conducted.

2. Following the strike, the Syrian General Command announced that the US, the UK and France had launched 110 missiles on Syria, but most of them were intercepted by the Syrian Air Defense Forces (SADF). The Syrian military noticed that its airfields had suffered almost no damage as a result of the attack.

Separately, an officer of the SADF told SouthFront that the SADF and the Syrian Arab Air Force had lost no assets as a result of the strike. He added that the US-led bloc attack was almost fully repelled. MORE DETAILS

A video from the Mezzeh Military Airport:

3. The Russian Defense Ministry said that it had detected 103 cruise and air-to-surface missiles, 71 of which had been intercepted by the SADF. The Russian military provided the following list of the targets with additional details on the strikes:

  • Four missiles were launched at the area of the Damascus International Airport. All these missiles were intercepted.
  • 12 missiles were launched at the Al-Dumayr Military Airport. All these missiles were intercepted.
  • 18 missiles were launched  at the Baly Military Airport. All these missiles were intercepted.
  • 12 missiles were launched at the Shayarat Military Airport. All these missiles were intercepted.
  • 9 missiles were launched  at the Mezzeh Military Airport. Five of them were intercepted.
  • 16 missiles were launched at the Homs Military Airport. 13 of them were intercepted.
  • 30 missiles were launched at targets in the areas of Barzah and Jaramani. Seven missiles were intercepted.

According to the Russian Defense Minisry, the US and its allies fired cruise missiles, including seaborne Tomahawks and GBU-38 guided bombs from B-1B planes while F-15 and F-16 fighter jets launched air-to-surface missiles. The UK Air Force’s Tornado aircraft fired eight Scalp EG air-launched cruise missiles.

The Russian military added that Moscow will consider supplies of S-300 air defense systems to Syria and other countries in response to the US actions.

If the numbers provided by the Russias are precise, the April 14 attack was a decisive failure of US forces. MORE DETAILS

4. President Trump was less sceptical on results of the US-led missile strike on Syria. He believes it was “perfectly executed”.

5. The Pentagon held a press briefing to provide own version of the events. The Pentagon said that the US and its allies had launched 105 missiles at the alleged “chemical weapons” facilities of the Assad government.

The US-led bloc used the following means and launchers:

  • The USS Monterey CG61 fired 30 Tomahawk cruise missiles from the Red Sea.
  • The USS Laboon DDG58 launched 7 Tomahawk cruise missiles from the Red Sea.
  • The USS Higgins DDG76 launched 23 Tomahawk cruise missiles from the Persian Gulf.
  • The USS John Warner SSN785 launched 6 Tomahawk cruise missiles from the Mediterranean.
  • The French frigate LANGUEDOC launched 3 Storm Shadow/SCALP EG (French naval variant is called “Missile de Croisière Naval”) cruise missiles from the Mediterranean.
  • B-1B strategic bombers launched 19 AGM-158 JASSM [Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile] air-launched cruise missiles.
  • British Typhoon and Tornado fighter jets launched 8 Storm Shadow/SCALP EG air-launched cruise missiles.
  • French Rafel and Mirage launched 9 Storm Shadow/SCALP EG air-launched cruise missiles.

The targets of the attack, according to the Pentagon:

  • 76 missiles – “Barzah Research and Development Center”
  • 22 missiles – “Him Shinshar Chemical Weapons Storage Site”
  • 7 missiles – “Him Shinshar CW Bunker”

Summing Up Results Of US-UK-France Strike On Syria: Statements, Facts And Speculations

Summing Up Results Of US-UK-France Strike On Syria: Statements, Facts And Speculations

Summing Up Results Of US-UK-France Strike On Syria: Statements, Facts And Speculations

However, the US military once again refused to provide any evidence confirming its allegations over the April 7 Douma “chemical attack” or Assad’s “chemical weapons facilities”. The formal reason is that the evidence is related to “intelligence” issues.

The photos and videos below show the Barzah facility. According to the US, the place targeted by 76 missiles looks this way:

Summing Up Results Of US-UK-France Strike On Syria: Statements, Facts And Speculations

Summing Up Results Of US-UK-France Strike On Syria: Statements, Facts And Speculations

Scientific educational center in Barzah district, By SANA

Summing Up Results Of US-UK-France Strike On Syria: Statements, Facts And Speculations

Scientific educational center in Barzah district, By SANA

6. The US says that its forces had targeted Assad’s chemical weapons production and storage facilities. Syria and Russia deny that the Assad government had used chemical weapons in the so-called Douma incident and that the Syrian government is producing chemical weapons. The OPCW investigation has arrived in Syria and soon should start to probe the Douma incident.

7. Russia has called a meeting of the UN Security Council over the US-led strike on Syria. Russian Ambassador to the UN Vasily Nebenzia slammed the US and its allies over the strike by saying that the US and its allies had violated the norms and principles of international law. He also described the strikes on Syria as “an aggression against a sovereign state.”

A stance of the US and its allies is that they punished “dictator Assad” for the usage of chemical weapons in Douma. However, they cannot show a proof of the Syrian government’s responsibility because it’s secret.

8. Summing up the recent developments it should be noted that the Pentagon’s version of events reaises the main question: How 76 missiles delivered so little damage to “Barzah Research and Development Center” if all the missiles had reached their targets.

If the version provided by the Russians is true, the question is “How?”. SouthFront contacted some experts over the issue. According to them, the Russian military had possibly used its state-of-the-art electronic warfare (EW) systems to counter the launched missiles. They added that Russia and Iran may have provided the Syrian miltiary with vital intelligence to counter the attack.

If the data provided by the Russian Defense Ministry is confirmed, this will be the first time in the history when some side was able to repel a massive strike of the so-called modern high-precision weapons/missiles. So, in a case of a nuclear exchange between the US and Russia, the Russians will be able to intercept most of the US attacking means suffering a minor damage. Russia’s nuclear strike would be a crushing blow. MORE

According to another group of experts, the US-led massiave missile strike on Syria had an importnat background role. It was a kind of the US training ahead of a possible military action against Iran, actively promoted by the key American ally in the Middle East – Israel. This is why a part of the strike was delivered from the areas of the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, which are relatively close to Iran.

In this case, if the Russian statement is confirmed, this will mean that the US and its allies are not capable to delvier a decisive missile strike to defeat Iran in low cost.

9. On April 12, SouthFront released a video analysing four main scenarios of the possible escalation in Syria. Roughly there were:

  1. A PR strike by the US-led bloc;
  2. A large strike by the US-led bloc without a Russian response;
  3. A large strike by the US with a Russian limited response and a further limited escalation;
  4. A full-scale military action by the US, a Russian response leading to a start of the regional or global war.

The April 14 situation is close to the Scenario 1. The scale of the US attack shows that Washington may have aimed at Scenario 2 or even Scenario 3. However, actions of the Syrian military assisted by Russia and Iran likely reduced signfiicantly the results of the US strike and it turned into a PR action.

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According to a report published by the Daily Mail:

A former head of Britain’s Special Forces has challenged Theresa May‘s claim that President Assad was behind the chemical attack in Douma.

Major General Jonathan Shaw said: ‘Why would Assad use chemical weapons at this time? He’s won the war.

‘That’s not just my opinion, it is shared by senior commanders in the US military. There is no rationale behind Assad’s involvement whatsoever.

‘He’s convinced the rebels to leave occupied areas in buses. He’s gained their territory. So why would he be bothering gassing them?

Speaking exclusively to The Mail on Sunday, the ex-SAS and Parachute Regiment commander added: ‘The jihadists and the various opposition groups who’ve been fighting against Assad have much greater motivation to launch a chemical weapons attack and make it look like Assad was responsible.

To read the complete Daily Mail article click here

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Mark Taliano. Reporting from Damascus.

The war on Syria has exacted a tremendous toll on all aspects of life in Syria. The bullets and bombs kill, but so do the hidden tentacles of this War of Aggression.

Numerous war-impacted health indicators form a nexus of intersecting trajectories which contribute to an elevated toll of avoidable deaths.  Poverty is one such indicator. According to Elizabeth Moss of the World Health Organization, about 70% of Syrians now live in poverty.  Poverty reduces access to healthcare, and so does the damage to healthcare infrastructure.  Moss reports that the war has so far destroyed about 50% of Syria’s hospitals, and rendered the other 50% either partially destroyed or non-functioning. Similarly, whereas Syria previously manufactured 90% of its own medications, the war has now destroyed many of these pharmaceutical companies. The destruction of pharmaceutical companies coupled with procurement hardships, — a consequence of illegal sanctions — means that patients have drastically reduced access to life- saving medications. Since the war started, 5,000,000 people have died in what are deemed to be “avoidable deaths”.

Also invisible is the psychological trauma.  Moss estimates that about one in twenty Syrians now suffers from severe psychological trauma, and that one in four suffers from anxiety and depression.

More visible is the war-inflicted physical trauma. About 1.5 million people must now live with physical trauma such as the loss of limbs, reports Moss, and to add to the misery, there is a shortage of artificial limbs.

Elizabeth Moss, of the World Health Organization, pictured above with co-workers and with members of Janice Kortkamp’s Salam Syria Tour

In the following video, Syrian medical doctor Loujen Ismael describes additional war-imposed health traumas.

Peace, coupled with International Justice, is the only sustainable remedy to these largely invisible, war-inflicted, miseries.

*

Mark Taliano is a Research Associate of the Centre for Research on Globalization (CRG) and the author of Voices from Syria, Global Research Publishers, 2017.


Order Mark Taliano’s Book “Voices from Syria directly from Global Research.  

Taliano talks and listens to the people of Syria. He reveals the courage and resilience of a Nation and its people in their day to day lives, after more than six years of US-NATO sponsored terrorism and three years of US “peacemaking” airstrikes.

Mark Taliano combines years of research with on-the-ground observations to present an informed and well-documented analysis that refutes  the mainstream media narratives on Syria. 

Voices from Syria 

ISBN: 978-0-9879389-1-6

Author: Mark Taliano

Year: 2017

Pages: 128 (Expanded edition: 1 new chapter)

List Price: $17.95

Special Price: $9.95 

Click to order

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Russia’s Red Lines in Relations with America?

April 16th, 2018 by Stephen Lendman

VISIT MY NEW WEB SITE: 

stephenlendman.org 

(Home – Stephen Lendman). 

Contact at [email protected].

How much more US hostility toward Russia will it tolerate before declaring unacceptable red lines were crossed?

Washington and Moscow are on opposite sides of endless war in Syria – a US imperial project from day one of hostilities.

According to neocon Russophobe Nikki Haley and US ambassador to Moscow Jon Huntsman, further (illegal) Trump administration sanctions on Russia are coming, likely Monday.

They’ll be imposed for Kremlin involvement in combating US-supported terrorists in Syria – cutthroat killers falsely called “rebels.”

According to Haley, Russian enterprises allegedly “dealing with equipment related to Assad and any chemical weapons use” will be targeted.

No Syrian CWs exist, the nation’s entire stockpile destroyed in 2014, confirmed by the OPCW. Yet according to Haley (and other lunatic fringe Trump administration Russophobes), Damascus has undisclosed CWs. Moscow is “covering this up.”

The Big Lie persists. No evidence supports it. Facts on the ground never deter Washington from pursuing it diabolical imperial agenda.

US administrations and bipartisan congressional members consistently blame sovereign independent nations for US high crimes committed against them.

Haley falsely accused Moscow of aggressive behavior, turning truth on its head, claiming the Kremlin facilitated the alleged Douma CW incident.

Medical personnel on the ground treated no one for toxic poisoning, no one killed, ill or harmed, no CW residues found by Russian technical experts at the alleged site.

The false flag incident was staged to blame Syria and Russia for a nonevent – the Big Lie used as a pretext for US-led terror-bombing of Syrian sites, followed by more illegal sanctions on Moscow coming Monday.

On Sunday, OPCW inspectors arrived in Douma to inspect the site of the alleged CW attack, according to Syria’s Deputy Foreign Minister Ayman Soussan.

AMN news said following US-led terror-bombing of Syrian sites, Russia is sending government forces more weapons and heavy equipment.

According to Southfront, the Pentagon lied, claiming all missiles fired struck Syrian targets – at the same time expressing concern about mission results.

An internal probe will be conducted to produce a more accurate after-action report, including why Syrian air defense systems downed most incoming missiles – reportedly 71 of 103 fired.

Washington intends permanent occupation of Afghanistan, Iraq and Syria. According to Assad UN envoy Bashar al-Jaafari, one-third of the country is illegally occupied by US forces, adding:

Security Council debates omit discussing this key issue. Along with terrorists permanent SC members America, Britain and France support, Damascus faces “three aggressors:” Washington, London and Paris.

“We are a state,” Jaafari stressed, “the sovereignty of which has been violated by a permanent member of the UNSC.”

The international community ignores this core issue of the conflict, along with US-led aggression, using terrorists as foot soldiers, pretending endless war is “civil.”

After the latest US-led aggressive incident on a sovereign state, what’s next?

Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Sergey Ryabkov said the Kremlin has “obvious red lines,” adding Moscow will do all it can to pull East/West relations out of a dangerous “political nosedive.”

Addressing the issue diplomatically assures continued failure, along with weakness, encouraging Washington to slam Russia and Syria harder.

Dealing with hegemonic America requires using the only language it understands – challenging it forcefully.

Pursuing failed policies assures making a bad situation worse ahead. Washington isn’t likely to step back from the brink unless pushed.

Diplomacy is futile, accomplishing nothing, encouraging greater US hostility, including endless aggression in Syria and tough anti-Russia actions.

Washington’s rage for global dominance likely assures an eventual East/West showdown.

Responding weakly to hostile US actions assures more to come, likely harsher than already.

When will Russia respond with toughness – better to risk it in Syria than be forced to act in defending its heartland.

*

Stephen Lendman is a Research Associate of the CRG, Correspondent of Global Research based in Chicago.

VISIT MY NEW WEB SITE: stephenlendman.org (Home – Stephen Lendman). Contact at [email protected].

My newest book as editor and contributor is titled “Flashpoint in Ukraine: How the US Drive for Hegemony Risks WW III.”

Prisoner of Pinochet: No Triumph of the Human Spirit

April 16th, 2018 by Prof Susan Babbitt

Sergio Bitar’s Prisoner of Pinochet has been released in English.[i] It claims to show the “triumph of the human spirit”. The cliché is misapplied. There are lessons for those remembering 1968, as we approach May Day. No human spirit triumphs submitting to lies.

Bitar describes harsh imprisonment after the US-backed coup against Salvador Allende in 1973. Allende was elected president of Chile in 1970, heading a leftist coalition aiming for socialism, with agrarian reform, and nationalization of mines, banks and large industries.

A Harvard educated economist, by 1972 Bitar was one of Allende’s top advisors. In 1973, he became minister of mines. After the coup, with others of Allende’s government, he was detained for eight months on Dawson Island, near the Antarctic.

There’s a silly refrain: What doesn’t kill you makes you better. It’s not true. Suffering makes us self-absorbed and fearful, or can. At the end of the book, thirty years after his arrest, Bitar is honored. By now, he is minister of education. He reflects on having risen “from the ashes… to rebuild democracy”.

He doesn’t know what it is. He lives on a continent with the greatest inequalities in the world, where, as Simón Bolívar declared in Rome in 1805, the meaning of human freedom would become clear. It wasn’t clear in Europe, whose philosophers Bolívar admired. He knew their “freedom” didn’t apply to those “even lower than servitude, lost and worse absent from the universe”: the colonized.

On a three-day visit to Cuba in 2014, Bitar engages in what some call “academic tourism”: attend a conference, talk to academics, tour sites, and publish.[ii] Don’t bother with research.

And if you’re a politician, give an interview.

Such work is boring. But when it comes to Cuba, it is irresponsible. Cuba has been the subject of a massive disinformation campaign since 1960. It happens in Bitar’s own country by such publications as El Mercurio, known to have supported the overthrow of Allende.[iii]

In his book, Bitar applauds resisters. The prisoners were visited by the Organization of American States Human Rights Commission. Bitar expects nothing, since the group is accompanied by a Chilean politician favouring Pinochet. To his “great surprise”, a “frightening” report appears, accompanied by petitions. Bitar praises the investigators’ courage.

He doesn’t possess it. Interviewed in Cuba, with no reference to analyses by Cuban or even US scholars, he declares the country “pathetic” and “backward”. The issue is not that he holds such a view: It is that he does not defend it. He does not have to.

If you state what “we all know”, you don’t have to defend your view. When a belief is taken for granted it doesn’t need defense. But if there is an opposing view, defense is required. A rival argument requires that we defend, and indeed acknowledge, what is taken for granted, without argument.

Hence the enormous and courageous contribution of Cuba. Its traditions go back hundreds of years. Bolívar said the US sent South Americans misery in the name of liberty. He knew the US lied about liberty. Mike Pence lies about it still, when he says, in Peru, that all “free nations” condemn Venezuela.

In 1961, at an economics conference in Punta del Este, Uruguay, Che Guevara noted a similar claim by the then US president. JF Kennedy said all “free nations” condemn Cuba. Bitar should know these lies. He languished in a concentration camp because of them.

I didn’t participate in the 1968 events. But I knew the ideas, at least as they pertained to freedom. “We” were free and good. “They” were unfree and evil.  It didn’t add up because “we” were bombing Asian kids, dropping Napalm that made their skin peel off.

Then I became a philosophy professor and learned that the lie is alive and well long after 1968. It is taught as philosophical liberalism. There are other views of freedom, such as those of Marx and Lenin. We stopped teaching them after 1990 because “everyone knows” they are useless.

Except we don’t know that. Worse still, we don’t know that we don’t know that. That’s what happens when a view has no challengers, or none that are recognized. Fidel Castro always insisted his 1959 revolution began in 1868, Cuba’s first war of independence. The philosophical traditions, thoroughly rejecting the decrepit liberalism/libertarianism that dominates the US left, go back further.

I’ve studied them for 25 years. When I first went to Cuba, I wasn’t political. I went for a philosophy conference. But truth is political for reasons expressed by Che Guevara at Punta del Este. It was not an economics conference, Guevara declared. It was political because the US president’s declaration about “freedom” was a declaration of power.

And it required no defense. None was provided. Just like Bitar’s declaration about Cuba. The Spanish edition of his memoire, Isla 10, published in 1987, sold out thirteen editions in Chile. It became an acclaimed docudrama, with a leading Chilean actor playing Bitar’s role.

The book is about how people suffered because of lies.  Allende died because of those lies. His democratically elected government was destroyed with help from the “leader of the free world”, the only country on the planet where children routinely slaughter other children with guns in schools.

It is irresponsible for anyone who cares about 1968 to condemn Cuba and Fidel Castro without adequate defense. Without those traditions, politicians or activists, claiming to be on the left, like Bitar, get away with stupidities. Again, it is not what Bitar says. It is that he does not defend what he says. And he does not have to, as long as the relevant rival position is denied, buried, and unfairly mocked.

On May Day, remember Ana Belén Montes.[iv] Her story is a triumph of the human spirit. She sacrificed her career for truth. Please sign petition here.

*

This article was originally published on CounterPunch.

Susan Babbitt is author of Humanism and Embodiment (Bloomsbury 2014). She is a frequent contributor to Global Research.

Notes

[i] Reviewed at https://www.nyjournalofbooks.com/book-review/prisoner-pinochet

[ii] Rafael Hernández “Cuba para pasajeros de tránsito

[iii] https://www.mondialisation.ca/el-mercurio-ternel-conspirateur/6986

[iv] http://www.prolibertad.org/ana-belen-montes. For more information, write to [email protected]or [email protected]

 

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April 14, 2018 – hours before the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), the UN chemical weapons watch dog – was to arrive in Damascus to investigate the alleged poison gas attacks in Douma – with horrifying false claims of casualties, mostly women and children – Trump, May and Macron launched an atrocious attack with 103 missiles on three or four Syrian sites which these criminals claim, the Syrian army was manufacturing chemical weapons, including Sarin and other poison gas, which then, at the order of President Assad, they used to kill their own people. As attested and regularly supervised by OPCW, Syria is free of chemical weapons since 2013.

The question begs: Why before the OPCW could verify the claim of a nerve gas attack? – The answer is simple, because there was no nerve gas attack. In fact, there was no attack at all. It was all fake and staged. The OPCW would have found out – and killed any false justification to assault Syria. That’s why.

That President Assad murders his own people, is, of course, a ridiculous claim, making absolutely no sense. Having reconquered Ghouta and Douma from the terrorists, i.e. from the US, UK and French proxies – and winning the foreign imposed war, why would anyone poison their compatriots, mostly women and children. Besides, as proven by Russian soldiers who were immediately after the alleged attack on site, there was no attack, there were no signs of an attack – a fact corroborated by many people questioned in the street, none of them witnessed any attack, chemical or otherwise.

This fake event was fabricated and staged by the White Helmets, a group of Al-Qaeda trained propaganda associates to the US / NATO and their European and Middle Eastern vassals. They have done this before, passing as heroes, when in reality they are in full collusion with the different terrorist groups, trained funded and armed by the Pentagon, NATO, CIA and all those who have made it their objective to turn Syria into another chaos – and to prompt a regime change.

According to a Russian Defense Ministry, reporting on RT, most missiles (71 out of 103) were intercepted by the Syrian army’s anti-missile defense system, without interference by Russia. No Russian air bases, i.e. Tartus and Khmeimim, were targeted. Nevertheless, Moscow was enraged about this preposterous and absolutely criminal and illegal assault. Maria Zkharova, the Russian Foreign Ministry’s spokeswoman, decried the missile strikes as an act of cowardice, hitting a country destroyed by war “that has been trying to survive terrorist aggression for many years.”

Unfortunately, according to latest reports, four Syrian civilians were killed – first degree murder by Trump, Macron and May – for which they deserve a Nuremberg type military tribunal with the same rules applied to WWII war criminals.

Trump and his brother’s in crime, May and Macron, have miserably lost, and by their aggression on a mutilated country, they have strengthened the Syrian people and their allegiance to their President. Of course, none of this you are going to read in the mainstream presstitute. Trump prides himself of a successful attack twittering as happily and brainlessly as usual,

“A perfectly executed strike last night. Thank you to France and the United Kingdom for their wisdom and the power of their fine Military. Could not have had a better result. Mission Accomplished!”

“Mission Accomplished” is so reminiscent of another horrendous war crime, when George W. Bush, ridiculously disguised as a fighter pilot, declared in 2003 after the US (plus allies) assault on Iraq claimed victory on an aircraft carrier. As the world knows, Iraq today, 15 years later, is a broken nation, a chaos no end, up to two million died, other millions of refugees, a country devastated, with infrastructure just restored sufficiently to allow US oil giants steeling Iraqi’s riches.

The same story in Libya. Qaddafi had to die, because he intended to liberate Africa from the western yoke of fiscal and monetary oppression, by introducing the Libyan Gold Dinar as a new African monetary and reserve standard. As of this day the former Anglo and French colonies’ monetary systems are hamstrung by the British and French Central Banks.

For example, take the “former” French colonies in West Africa (Benin, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Mali, Mauritania, Niger Senegal, Togo) and in Central Africa (Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon). Their currency is the franc CFA (acronym in French for ‘Financial Community of Africa’), and although each block of West and East has its own central bank, 85% of their reserves are blocked by the Banque de France, can only be used by the respective country by special permission and often with interest to be paid to the Banque de France (the French Central Bank). Imagine! – Their colonial status today is worse than during the 400 years they were called ‘colonies’. Today, they are disguised as ‘independent’, as no media would talk about the heavy military and financial boot they are under.

Qaddafi wanted to free them. So, he had to go. That’s why then French President Nicolas Sarkozy, was the initiator of the NATO campaign and eventual slaughter of the Libyan leader, Muamar Qaddafi. Today Sarkozy, ironically, is under legal proceedings for allegations of illegally accepting more than US$ 60 million from Gaddafi to finance Sarkozy’s 2007 presidential campaign.

Back to Syria. What’s next? One thing is for sure, Syria is on the list of seven countries that have to fall (as were Iraq and Libya), as eloquently attested by Wesley Clark in an interview with “Democracy Now” radio in 2007. That means the Washington will not relent until achieving their target, unless the empire is defeated before. So, Russia better be on guard. No longer any trust on what Washington says. It is highly likely that they will strike again. When and how is uncertain. But letting go they won’t. That’s their trade mark.

That’s written in the PNAC (Plan for a New American Century), their strategic plan to reach full spectrum dominance, world hegemony – as ‘thought out’ by Zionist-led Washington “thinktanks”, those that make US foreign policy. Unless, the people of France and /or the UK succeed in deposing their criminal ‘leaders’ (sic-sic). There is currently a move to that extent being planned by the French Parliament, but will it succeed to unseat the former Rothschild wonder-child?

Syria is a proud and strong country. Her people will stand up again and again. Their solidarity is increasingly cemented and they stand behind their President. And there is Russia, Iran and Hezbollah – an unbeatable alliance. Syria will not give up, nor cave in. The criminal west better be aware of it.

*

Peter Koenig is an economist and geopolitical analyst. He is also a water resources and environmental specialist. He worked for over 30 years with the World Bank and the World Health Organization around the world in the fields of environment and water. He lectures at universities in the US, Europe and South America. He writes regularly for Global Research; ICH; RT; Sputnik; PressTV; The 21st Century; TeleSUR; The Vineyard of The Saker Blog; and other internet sites. He is the author of Implosion – An Economic Thriller about War, Environmental Destruction and Corporate Greed – fiction based on facts and on 30 years of World Bank experience around the globe. He is also a co-author of The World Order and Revolution! – Essays from the Resistance.

A number of political parties that call themselves socialist proved they are nothing of the sort by lending support to Friday night’s illegal US, French and British bombing of Syria.

Groups like the American International Socialist Organization (ISO), Democratic Socialists of America (DSA), and the French New Anticapitalist Party (NPA) are pro-war organizations. They are participating in a propaganda campaign with the capitalist press organs and the intelligence agencies to spread the lie that the bombings are justified on a “humanitarian” basis and that additional military force is required. Socialists reject these attempts to cover imperialist intervention in a fraudulent “left” veneer.

First, these pseudo-left groups attack those who question the legitimacy of the CIA and MI6 claims that Assad used chemical weapons in Eastern Ghouta last week. They accept the claims produced by the same military intelligence agencies that spread the lie of “weapons of mass destruction” to justify the invasion of Iraq, which led to the deaths of over 1 million people.

The NPA’s Joseph Daher wrote in an April 10 titled “Syria: A nightmare without end” that the Syrian government “killed over 100 people in 24 hours, according to the first estimates, with especially strong suspicions of the use of chlorine and sarin gas.” Daher unquestionably accepts the claims that the Assad regime carried out a chemical gas attack in Ghouta on April 7. This charge has been promulgated throughout the media without evidence in order to justify an illegal war of aggression against Syria that has placed humanity on the verge of a nuclear world war between the US and Russia. In a post-bombing statement titled “With the Syrian people, against the bombings and all imperialist intervention,” the NPA called for a “rejection of the campaign to discredit the veracity of yet another criminal chemical attack by the regime.”

The ISO’s article from April 13, “US missiles won’t stop Syria’s suffering,” features a photo of a child on a ventilator taken from the widely circulated video that the CIA claims is “proof” that Assad used chemical weapons. The article states, “On April 7, a chemical attack carried out by the Syrian government forces in the city of Douma in southwestern Syria killed at least 43 people and left many others struggling to breathe.” The article declares that while the “Assad regime denied launching the chemical attack” and the “Russian government likewise claimed the reports of a gas attack were a ‘hoax,’” these “denials are a cruel lie.”

But US Defense Secretary James Mattis acknowledged Friday night in a press conference that he hadn’t found evidence that the Syrian government used chemical weapons until Friday afternoon, hours after the ISO’s article appeared. In other words, the ISO reached its guilty verdict before the Pentagon claims it reached theirs.

Second, the pseudo-left groups criticize the bombing campaign on the grounds that it does not go far enough and that more military intervention is required.

Writing for the NPA, Daher writes with concern that

Donald Trump has reiterated his wish to withdraw from Syria, in spite of resistance among his closest advisors.”

He notes that such a retreat “is being encouraged by the principal powers intervening in Syria: Russia, Iran and Turkey.” Daher concludes by declaring that the “crimes of the Assad regime continue with the silence and complicity of the international and regional powers.” In an April 13 interview published on the website of International Viewpoint, the magazine of the Pabloite United Secretariat, Daher calls for the US to arm the Syrian rebels:

“We should also support the provision of weapons and arms to these democratic forces in the region to combat both counter-revolutionary forces.”

The ISO’s April 13 article criticizes the Obama administration because it “denied rebels access to anti-aircraft or anti-tank weaponry that would have given them a potentially decisive advantage against the Syrian military, which could have led to the fall of the regime altogether.” The article continued:

“From the beginning of the Arab Spring uprising in Syria, U.S. policy has been aimed at making sure some form of the current regime continues in Syria, with or without Assad. As the regime’s savage counterrevolution advanced, thanks to Russian military might, the U.S. has come to accept that Assad will stay, and the Russians will be the powerbrokers in the country.”

Jacobin magazine, the journal supported by the DSA, has not published a single recent article on the US threats against Syria nor on the bombings themselves. While Jacobin editor Bhaskar Sunkara remained silent about Trump’s threats to bomb Syria in the days before the attack, he found time to publish multiple tweets about the New York Knicks basketball team. Jacobin’s silence denotes consent and complacency.

The same is true for the Australian pseudo-left organization Socialist Alternative, which maintains close relations with the ISO in the US, and International Viewpoint, the magazine of the Pabloite, ex-Trotskyist United Secretariat. These groups are nothing more than propaganda wings of American, British, and French imperialism. They provide the intelligence agencies with a megaphone, spouting their justifications for war and coloring them with “left” sounding verbiage.

These groups are pro-war because they belong to a privileged upper-middle-class layer that stands to benefit, materially, from the imperialist pillaging of the Middle East. Their pro-war proclamations reflect the right-wing shift among sections of the wealthiest 10 percent of American and European society whose stock portfolios have skyrocketed as a result of the financialization of the world economy and the global stock market boom.

Polls show massive opposition in the US, France, and the UK to the Syria strikes. This reflects the growing opposition of the working class to war, which takes place under conditions of a growth of the class struggle worldwide as evidenced most acutely in the three countries who launched Friday night’s strikes. The pseudo-left and the imperialist powers fear that the struggles of the working class will merge with broad antiwar sentiment among workers and youth. The building of a mass movement in the working class opposed to war and inequality will take place in a conscious struggle against those groups who call themselves “left” while helping the imperialist powers fling bombs across the former colonial countries.

Several alarming recent events ought to awaken citizens of Europe and the United States to the fact that their insane governments have driven the world to the brink of an all-destroying thermonuclear war.

Recently Donald Trump has made three highly worrying appointments:  He appointed John Bolton as his National Security Advisor. Bolton who has already moved into the White House, is a notorious advocate of war with Iran and with North Korea. He appointed former CIA Director Mike Pompeo as Secretary of State. This appointment has not yet been confirmed by the Senate, so there is still a chance of blocking it. To replace Pompeo as CIA Director, Trump appointed former torture chief Gina Haspel.

Secondly, in what can only be interpreted as an attempt to demonize Russia, The United Kingdom’s government under Theresa May claimed that the former spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia, who were living in the UK, had been poisoned by a Russian nerve agent. The two are recovering. Russia has denied any involvement, and has pointed out if a military grade of the poison had been used, the only kind ever manufactured in Russia, the two victims would be dead. The formula for the poison is well known, and it it could have been manufactured anywhere. Thus there is no credible evidence for Russian involvement. Nevertheless Russian diplomats have been expelled from many countries, including 18 European countries, the United States, Canada, Albania, Australia, Macedonia, Moldavia, Montenegro, Norway and Ukraine. The European countries involved are Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain and Sweden.

Thirdly, it is claimed that Syrian President Bahar al-Assad used chemical weapons against his own people. As in the Skripal incident, there is no clear evidence that this was not a false flag attack. Assad had no motive to do such a thing.

Perhaps western governments do not really want a catastrophic nuclear war with Russia. Perhaps all they want is a crisis to justify obscenely bloated armament budgets to satisfy the insatiable appetites of military-industrial complexes.  But going close the brink involves a non-negligible risk of going over it, because of uncontrollable escalation of a conflict, or because of human error or a technical failure.

The Threat of Nuclear War

As bad as conventional arms and conventional weapons may be, it is the possibility of a catastrophic nuclear war that poses the greatest threat to humanity. There are today roughly 15,000 nuclear warheads in the world. The total explosive power of the warheads that exist or that could be made on short notice is approximately equal to 500,000 Hiroshima bombs.

To multiply the tragedy of Hiroshima by a factor of half a million makes an enormous difference, not only quantitatively, but also qualitatively. Those who have studied the question believe that a nuclear catastrophe today would inflict irreversible damage on our civilization, genetic pool and environment.

Thermonuclear weapons consist of an inner core where the fission of uranium-235 or plutonium takes place. The fission reaction in the core is able to start a fusion reaction in the next layer, which contains isotopes of hydrogen. It is possible to add a casing of ordinary uranium outside the hydrogen layer; under the extreme conditions produced by the fusion reaction this ordinary uranium can undergo fission. In this way, a fission-fusion-fission bomb of almost limitless power can be produced.

For a victim of severe radiation exposure, the symptoms during the first week are nausea, vomiting, fever, apathy, delirium, diarrhea, oropharyngeal lesions and leukopenia. Death occurs during the first or second week.

We can perhaps be helped to imagine what a nuclear catastrophe means in human terms by reading the words of a young university professor, who was 2,500 meters from the hypocenter at the time of the bombing of Hiroshima: “Everything I saw made a deep impression: a park nearby covered with dead bodies… very badly injured people evacuated in my direction… Perhaps most impressive were girls, very young girls, not only with their clothes torn off, but their skin peeled off as well. … My immediate thought was that this was like the hell I had always read about. … I had never seen anything which resembled it before, but I thought that should there be a hell, this was it.”

One argument that has been used in favor of nuclear weapons is that no sane political leader would employ them. However, the concept of deterrence ignores the possibility of war by accident or miscalculation, a danger that has been increased by nuclear proliferation and by the use of computers with very quick reaction times to control weapons systems.

Recent nuclear power plant accidents remind us that accidents frequently happen through human and technical failure, even for systems which are considered to be very “safe.” We must also remember the time scale of the problem. To assure the future of humanity, nuclear catastrophe must be avoided year after year and decade after decade. In the long run, the safety of civilization cannot be achieved except by the abolition of nuclear weapons, and ultimately the abolition of the institution of war.

In 1985, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War received the Nobel Peace Prize. IPPNW had been founded in 1980 by six physicians, three from the Soviet Union and three from the United States. Today, the organization has wide membership among the world’s physicians. Professor Bernard Lowen of the Harvard School of Public Health, one of the founders of IPPNW, said in a recent speech:

“No public health hazard ever faced by humankind equals the threat of nuclear war. Never before has man possessed the destructive resources to make this planet uninhabitable… Modern medicine has nothing to offer, not even a token benefit, in the event of nuclear war…

“We are but transient passengers on this planet Earth. It does not belong to us. We are not free to doom generations yet unborn. We are not at liberty to erase humanity’s past or dim its future. Social systems do not endure for eternity. Only life can lay claim to uninterrupted continuity. This continuity is sacred.”

The danger of a catastrophic nuclear war casts a dark shadow over the future of our species. It also casts a very black shadow over the future of the global environment. The environmental consequences of a massive exchange of nuclear weapons have been treated in a number of studies by meteorologists and other experts from both East and West. They predict that a large-scale use of nuclear weapons would result in fire storms with very high winds and high temperatures, which would burn a large proportion of the wild land fuels in the affected nations. The resulting smoke and dust would block out sunlight for a period of many months, at first only in the northern hemisphere but later also in the southern hemisphere.

The danger of a catastrophic nuclear war casts a dark shadow over the future of our species. It also casts a very black shadow over the future of the global environment. The environmental consequences of a massive exchange of nuclear weapons have been treated in a number of studies by meteorologists and other experts from both East and West. They predict that a large-scale use of nuclear weapons would result in fire storms with very high winds and high temperatures, which would burn a large proportion of the wild land fuels in the affected nations. The resulting smoke and dust would block out sunlight for a period of many months, at first only in the northern hemisphere but later also in the southern hemisphere.

Temperatures in many places would fall far below freezing, and much of the earth’s plant life would be killed. Animals and humans would then die of starvation. The nuclear winter effect was first discovered as a result of the Mariner 9 spacecraft exploration of Mars in 1971. The spacecraft arrived in the middle of an enormous dust-storm on Mars, and measured a large temperature drop at the surface of the planet, accompanied by a heating of the upper atmosphere. These measurements allowed scientists to check their theoretical models for predicting the effect of dust and other pollutants distributed in planetary atmospheres.

Using experience gained from the studies of Mars, R.P. Turco, O.B. Toon, T. Ackerman, J.B. Pollack and C. Sagan made a computer study of the climatic effects of the smoke and dust that would result from a large-scale nuclear war. This early research project is sometimes called the TTAPS Study, after the initials of the authors.

In April 1983, a special meeting was held in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where the results of the TTAPS Study and other independent studies of the nuclear winter effect were discussed by more than 100 experts. Their conclusions were presented at a forum in Washington, D.C., the following December, under the chairmanship of U.S. Senators Kennedy and Hatfield. The numerous independent studies of the nuclear winter effect all agreed of the following main predictions:

High-yield nuclear weapons exploded near the earth’s surface would put large amounts of dust into the upper atmosphere. Nuclear weapons exploded over cities, forests, oilfields and refineries would produce fire storms of the type experienced in Dresden and Hamburg after incendiary bombings during the Second World War. The combination of high-altitude dust and lower altitude soot would prevent sunlight from reaching the earth’s surface, and the degree of obscuration would be extremely high for a wide range of scenarios.

A baseline scenario used by the TTAPS study assumes a 5,000-megaton nuclear exchange, but the threshold for triggering the nuclear winter effect is believed to be much lower than that. After such an exchange, the screening effect of pollutants in the atmosphere might be so great that, in the northern and middle latitudes, the sunlight reaching the earth would be only 1% of ordinary sunlight on a clear day, and this effect would persist for many months. As a result, the upper layers in the atmosphere might rise in temperature by as much as 100 degrees C, while the surface temperatures would fall, perhaps by as much as 50 degrees C.

The temperature inversion produced in this way would lead to superstability, a condition in which the normal mixing of atmospheric layers is suppressed. The hydrological cycle (which normally takes moist air from the oceans to a higher and cooler level, where the moisture condenses as rain) would be strongly suppressed. Severe droughts would thus take place over continental land masses. The normal cleansing action of rain would be absent in the atmosphere, an effect which would prolong the nuclear winter.

In the northern hemisphere, forests would die because of lack of sunlight, extreme cold, and drought. Although the temperature drop in the southern hemisphere would be less severe, it might still be sufficient to kill a large portion of the tropical forests, which normally help to renew the earth’s oxygen.

The oxygen content of the atmosphere would then fall dangerously, while the concentration of carbon dioxide and oxides of nitrogen produced by firestorms would remain high. The oxides of nitrogen would ultimately diffuse to the upper atmosphere, where they would destroy the ozone layer.

Thus, even when the sunlight returned after an absence of many months, it would be sunlight containing a large proportion of the ultraviolet frequencies which are normally absorbed by the ozone in the stratosphere, and therefore a type of light dangerous to life. Finally, after being so severely disturbed, there is no guarantee that the global climate would return to its normal equilibrium.

Even a nuclear war below the threshold of nuclear winter might have climatic effects very damaging to human life. Professor Paul Ehrlich, of Stanford University, has expressed this in the following words:

“…A smaller war, which set off fewer fires and put less dust into the atmosphere, could easily depress temperatures enough to essentially cancel grain production in the northern hemisphere. That in itself would be the greatest catastrophe ever delivered upon Homo Sapiens, just that one thing, not worrying about prompt effects. Thus even below the threshold, one cannot think of survival of a nuclear war as just being able to stand up after the bomb has gone off.”

Nuclear Weapons Are Criminal! Every War Is a Crime!

War was always madness, always immoral, always the cause of unspeakable suffering, economic waste and widespread destruction, and always a source of poverty, hate, barbarism and endless cycles of revenge and counter-revenge. It has always been a crime for soldiers to kill people, just as it is a crime for murderers in civil society to kill people. No flag has ever been wide enough to cover up atrocities. But today, the development of all-destroying modern weapons has put war completely beyond the bounds of sanity and elementary humanity.

Can we not rid ourselves of both nuclear weapons and the institution of war itself? We must act quickly and resolutely before our beautiful world and everything that we love are reduced to radioactive ashes.

*

John Scales Avery, Ph.D., who was part of a group that shared the 1995 Nobel Peace Prize for their work in organizing the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs, is a member of the TRANSCEND Network and Associate Professor Emeritus at the H.C. Ørsted Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.


Towards a World War III Scenario: The Dangers of Nuclear War” 

by Michel Chossudovsky

Available to order from Global Research! 

ISBN Number: 978-0-9737147-5-3
Year: 2012
Pages: 102
Print Edition: $10.25 (+ shipping and handling)
PDF Edition:  $6.50 (sent directly to your email account!)

Michel Chossudovsky is Professor of Economics at the University of Ottawa and Director of the Centre for Research on Globalization (CRG), which hosts the critically acclaimed website www.globalresearch.ca . He is a contributor to the Encyclopedia Britannica. His writings have been translated into more than 20 languages.

Reviews

“This book is a ‘must’ resource – a richly documented and systematic diagnosis of the supremely pathological geo-strategic planning of US wars since ‘9-11’ against non-nuclear countries to seize their oil fields and resources under cover of ‘freedom and democracy’.”
John McMurtry, Professor of Philosophy, Guelph University

“In a world where engineered, pre-emptive, or more fashionably “humanitarian” wars of aggression have become the norm, this challenging book may be our final wake-up call.”
-Denis Halliday, Former Assistant Secretary General of the United Nations

Michel Chossudovsky exposes the insanity of our privatized war machine. Iran is being targeted with nuclear weapons as part of a war agenda built on distortions and lies for the purpose of private profit. The real aims are oil, financial hegemony and global control. The price could be nuclear holocaust. When weapons become the hottest export of the world’s only superpower, and diplomats work as salesmen for the defense industry, the whole world is recklessly endangered. If we must have a military, it belongs entirely in the public sector. No one should profit from mass death and destruction.
Ellen Brown, author of ‘Web of Debt’ and president of the Public Banking Institute   

WWIII Scenario

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Bolivia’s President Evo Morales has warned that the United States is the greatest threat to democracy, and that Latin America mustn’t serve its agenda, following the attacks waged by the United States, France and the United Kingdom against Syria.

“The biggest threat against freedom, against democracy, against Mother Earth and against multilateralism is the United States. I am not afraid to say this openly,” Morales said at the Summit of the Americas. “Washington spends hundreds of thousands of dollars on weapons of mass destruction.”

The president pointed out that Bolivia has shaken itself free of the influence of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

Morales’ leadership has been marked by an effort to expel these institutions, or limit their influence. In 2011 he expelled the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), accusing it of funding NGOs working against the nation’s sovereignty.

“Latin America is not the backyard of anybody… These are not times of walls, rather of bridges of understanding; these are not times of invasion, rather of integration,” Morales concluded, demanding the end of the blockade against Cuba and the return of the occupied Guantanamo territory.

Morales later took to Twitter to criticize fellow leaders at the summit for “submitting” to the United States by saying they won’t recognize Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro’s possible reelection next month.

“Trump, the leader that uses arms instead of arguments. In an act of submission, some leaders anticipate that they will not recognize the possible re-election of brother Maduro. The revolutionary presidents enjoy the support of their people, and do not need the approval of the empire.”

Morales also criticized the “complicit silence” of Organization of American States (OAS) General Secretary Luis Almagro ahead of the violence waged against the “brother people of Syria.”

“Latin America needs an OAS free of pro-imperialist servants,” Morales tweeted.

While leaders discussed the theme of corruption at the Summit of the Americas, Morales argued that capitalism is the principle cause of corruption in government.

“Our duty is to debate fundamental topics of the life of our people, and the struggle against corruption is one of these topics, but it would be superficial and a misuse of public resources to say that we should have these discussions without speaking of causes.

“Capitalism is the worst enemy of humanity and the planet. As long as we don’t take concrete actions to eliminate tax havens and put fiscal controls on transnational companies which promote and encourage corruption and human rights violation; as long as we do not suppress secrete banking, nor democratize the International Monetary Fund, nothing will be enough. The problem of corruption is capitalism.”

Morales has been critical of the ways in which corruption charges – with little evidence – have been used to remove progressive leaders such as Brazil’s former President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva through judicial means and media defamation.

*

Sources

Granma

RT

Twitter

teleSUR

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There is nothing sadder and more pathetic, than a notorious liar insulting normal people left and right, while terrorizing those who are telling the truth.

Lately, the West has gone clearly berserk. The more it is scared of losing control over the brains of billions of people in all corners of the world, the more aggressively it is screaming, kicking and making a fool of itself.

It doesn’t even hide its intentions, anymore. The intentions are clear: to destroy all of its opponents, be they in Russia, China, Iran or in any other patriotic and independent-minded state. To silence all the media outlets that are speaking the truth; not the truth as it is defined in London, Washington, Paris or Berlin, but the truth  that simply serves the people, not the fake, pseudo-truth fabricated in order to uphold the supremacy of the Western Empire.

Huge funds are now being allocated for the mortal propaganda onslaught, originating predominantly in both London and Washington. Millions of pounds and dollars have been allocated and spent, officially and openly, in order to ‘counter’ the voices of Russian, Chinese, Arab, Iranian and Latin American people; voices that are finally reaching ‘the Others’ -the desolate inhabitants of the ‘global south’, the dwellers of the colonies and neo-colonies; the modern-day slaves living in the ‘client’ states.

The mask is falling down and the face of Western propaganda is being exposed. It is awful, frightening, but at least it is what it is, for everyone to see. No more suspense, no surprises. It is all suddenly out in the open. It is frightening but honest. This is our world. This is how low our humanity has sunk. This is the so-called world order, or more precisely, neo-colonialism.

*

The West knows how to slaughter millions, and it knows how to manipulate masses. Its propaganda has always been tough (and repeated a thousand times, not unlike corporate advertisements or the WWII fascist indoctrination campaigns) when it originates in the United States, or brilliantly Machiavellian and lethally effective when coming from the United Kingdom. Let us never forget: the U.K. has been murdering and enslaving hundreds of millions of innocent and much more advanced human beings, for many long centuries and all over the world. Due to its talent in brainwashing and manipulating the masses, Great Britain has been getting away with countless genocides, robberies and even managing to convince the world that it should be respected and allowed to retain both a moral mandate and the seat at the U.N. Security Council.

The Western regime knows how to lie, shamelessly but professionally, and above all, perpetually. There are thousands of lies piling up on top of each other, delivered with perfect upper-class ‘educated’ accents: lies about Salisbury, about Communism, Russia, China, Iran, Venezuela, Cuba, North Korea, Syria, Yugoslavia, Rwanda, South Africa, Libya, refugees. There are lies about the past, present and even about the future.

Nobody is laughing, seeing such imperialist thugs like the U.K. and France preaching, all over the world and with straight face, about both freedom and human rights. Not laughing, yet. But many are slowly getting outraged.

People in the Middle East, Africa, Asia and Latin America are beginning to realize that they have been fooled, cheated, lied to; that the so called ‘education’ and ‘information’ coming from the West have been nothing else other than shameless indoctrination campaigns. For years I worked on all continents, compiling stories and testimonies about the crimes of imperialism, and about the awakening of the world, ‘summarized’ in my 840-page book: “Exposing Lies Of The Empire.

Millions can now see, for the first time, that media outlets such as BBC, DW, CNN, Voice of America, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, have been encoding them mercilessly and thoroughly, for years and decades. Reuters, AP, AFP and several other Western press agencies, have managed to create a uniformed narrative for the entire planet, with local newspapers everywhere in the world now publishing identical fabrications that originate from Washington, London, Paris and other Western capitals. Totally false pictures about such important subjects as the Soviet Union, Communism, China, but also freedom and democracy, have been engraved into billions of human brains.

The main reason for the opening of the eyes of people of the world which is still oppressed by Western imperialism is the relentless work of media outlets such as the Russian-based New Eastern Outlook (NEO), RT and Sputnik, as China-based CGTN, China Radio International and China Daily, Venezuela-based TeleSur, Lebanese Al-Mayadeen, and Iranian Press TV. Of course, there are many other proud and determined anti-imperialist media outlets in various parts of the world, but the above-mentioned ones are the most important vehicles of the counter-propaganda coming from the countries that fought for their freedom and simply refused to be conquered, colonized, prostituted and brainwashed by the West.

One mighty anti-imperialist coalition of truly independent states has been forming and solidifying.It is now inspiring billions of oppressed human beings everywhere on Earth, giving them hope, promising a better, optimistic and just future. Standing at the vanguard of many positive changes and expectations is the ‘new media’.

And the West is watching, horrified, desperate and increasingly vitriolic. It is willing to destroy, to kill and to crush, just in order to stop this wave of ‘dangerous optimism’ and strive for true independence and freedom.

*

There are now constant attacks against the new media of the free world. In the West, RT is being threatened with expulsion, brilliant and increasingly popular New Eastern Outlook (NEO) came just recently under vicious cyber-attack from, most likely, professional Western hackers. TeleSur is periodically crippled by sanctions shamefully unleashed against Venezuela, and the same banditry is targeting Iranian Press TV.

You see, the West may be responsible for billions of ruined lives everywhere in the world, but it is still faces no sanctions, no punitive actions. While countries like Russia, Iran, China, Cuba, DPRK or Venezuela have to ‘face consequences’ mainly in the form of embargoes, sanctions, propaganda, direct intimidation, even military bullying, simply for refusing to accept the insane Western global dictatorship, and for choosing their own form of the government and political as well as economic system.

The West simply doesn’t seem to be able to tolerate dissent. It requires full and unconditional obedience, an absolute submission. It acts as both religious fundamentalist and a global thug. And to make things worse, its citizens appear to be so programmed or so indifferent or both, that they are not capable of comprehending what their countries and their ‘culture’ are doing to the rest of the world.

*

When being interviewed, I am often asked: “is the world facing real danger of WWIII?”

I always reply “yes”. It is because it appears that both North America and Europe are unable to stop forcing the world into obedience and to virtual slavery. They appear to be unwilling to accept any rational and democratic arrangement on our Planet. Would they sacrifice one, tens or hundreds of millions of human beings, just in order to retain control over the universe? Definitely they would! They already have, on several occasions, without thinking twice, with no regret and no mercy.

The gamble of the Western fundamentalists is that the rest of the world is so much more decent and much less brutal, that it could not stomach yet another war, another carnage, another bloodbath; that it rather surrenders, rather gives up all its dreams for a much better future, instead of fighting and defending itself against what increasingly appears to be an inevitable Western military attack.

*

Such calculations and ‘hopes’ of the Western fanatics are false. Countries that are now being confronted and intimidated are well aware what to expect if they give up and surrender to Western insanity and imperialist designs.

People know, they remember what it is like to be enslaved.

Russia under Yeltsin, collapsed, being plundered by Western corporations, being spat at, in the face, by the European and North American governments; its life expectancy dropped to sub-Saharan African levels.

China survived unimaginable agony of “humiliation period’, being ransacked, plundered and divided by French, British and the U.S. invaders.

Iran robbed of its legitimate and socialist government, having to live under a sadistic maniac, the Western puppet, the Shah.

The entire ‘Latin’ America, with its open veins, with ruined culture, with Western religion forced down its throat; with literally all democratically-elected socialist and Communist governments and leaders either overthrown, or directly murdered, or at least manipulated out of power by Washington and its lackeys.

North Korea, survivor of a beastly genocide against its civilians, committed by the U.S. and its allies in the so-called Korean War.

Vietnam and Laos, raped and humiliated by the French, and then bombed to the stone ages by the U.S. and its allies.

South Africa… East Timor… Cambodia…

There are living carcasses, decomposing horrid wrecks, left after the Western deadly ‘liberating’ embraces: Libya and Iraq, Afghanistan and Honduras, Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of Congo, to name just a few. These are serving as warnings to those who still have some illusions left about the Western ‘good will’ and spirit of justice!

Syria… Oh Syria! Just look what the West has done to a proud and beautiful country which refused to fall on its knees and lick Washington’s and London’s feet. But also, look how strong, how determined those who truly love their country can be. Against all odds, Syria stood up, it fought foreign-backed terrorists, and it won, surrounded and supported by the great internationalist coalition! The West thought it was triggering yet another Libyan scenario, but instead, it encountered an iron fist, nerves of steel, another Stalingrad. Fascism was identified, confronted and stopped. At an enormous cost, but stopped!

The entire Middle East is watching.

The entire world is watching.

People now see and they remember. They are beginning to remember clearly what happened to them. They are starting to understand. They are emboldened. They clearly comprehend that slavery is not the only way to live their lives.

*

The Anti-Western or more precisely, anti-imperialist coalition is now solid like steel. Because it is one great coalition of victims, of people who know what rape is and what plunder is, and what thorough destruction is. They know precisely what is administered by the self-proclaimed champions of freedom and democracy – by the Western cultural and economic fundamentalism.

This coalition of independent and proud nations is here to protect itself, to protect each other, as well as the rest of the world.

It will never surrender, never back up. Because the people have spoken and they are sending clear messages to their leaders: “Never again! Do not capitulate. Do not yield to the Western intimidations. We will fight if attacked. And we will stand, proudly, on our own feet, no matter what, no matter what brutal force we have to face. Never on our knees, comrades! We will never again fall to our knees in front of those who are spreading terror!”

And the media in these wonderful countries that are resisting Western imperialism and terror is spreading countless optimistic and brave messages.

And the Western establishing is watching and shaking and soiling its pants.

It knows the end of its brutal rule over the world is approaching. It knows those days of impunity are ending. It knows the world will soon judge the West, for the centuries of crimes it has been committing against humanity.

It knows that the media war will be won by ‘us’, not by ‘them’.

The battlefield is being defined. With some bright exceptions, the Westerners and their media outlets are closing ranks, sticking to their masters. Like several other writers, I had been unceremoniously kicked out from Counterpunch, one of the increasingly anti-Communist, anti-Russian, anti-Syrian and anti-Chinese U.S.-based publications. From their point of view, I was writing for several ‘wrong’ publications. I am actually proud that they stopped publishing me. I am fine where I am: facing them, as I am facing other mass-circulation media outlets of the West.

The extent of Western ideological control of the world is degenerate, truly perverse. Its media and ‘educational’ outlets are fully at the service of the regime.

But the world is waking up and confronting this deadly cultural and political fundamentalism.

A great ideological battle is on. These are exciting, bright times. Nothing could be worse than slavery. Chains are being broken. From now on, there will be no impunity for those who have been torturing the world for centuries.

Their lies, as well as their armor, will be confronted and stopped!

*

This article was originally published on New Eastern Outlook.

Andre Vltchek is a philosopher, novelist, filmmaker and investigative journalist. He has covered wars and conflicts in dozens of countries. Three of his latest books are his tribute to “The Great October Socialist Revolution” a revolutionary novel “Aurora” and a bestselling work of political non-fiction: “Exposing Lies Of The Empire”. View his other books here. Watch Rwanda Gambit, his groundbreaking documentary about Rwanda and DRCongo and his film/dialogue with Noam Chomsky “On Western Terrorism”. Vltchek presently resides in East Asia and the Middle East, and continues to work around the world. He can be reached through his website and his Twitter.

Featured image is from Newsbud.

As the Project for the New American Century is further knocked off course by Russia’s military presence in Syria, hackles are up and the dogs of war are once again straining at their leashes; with the by now infamous ‘chemical weapons’ false flag scenario.  

It is particularly noticeable, living in Poland, how the vendetta against Putin is a NATO, Israel, UK, France, USA construct (hidden hand). The demonization process reached its zenith recently – and an interview I had given for alternative Polish media refuting the notion that Russia was about to invade Poland, was hacked from the site and never seen again. Instead, US Patriot missiles sites are established in ever increasing number of locations in Poland, as 30,000 US led NATO troops periodically carry out highly provocative ‘war games’ on Russia’s Western Border. Many Poles are under the gravely mistaken belief that these troops and armaments are there to protect Poland from invasion from the East.

The ‘Russian Bear’ is being poked remorselessly, and it is only Putin’s cool headed statesmanship, plus the diplomatic skills of Lavrov’ and others, that is preventing all-out war from braking out at any moment.

The role of alternative sites, like Global Research, in exploring and conveying the actual reality/truth – has never been more important than now.


150115 Long War Cover hi-res finalv2 copy3.jpg

The Globalization of War: America’s “Long War” against Humanity

Michel Chossudovsky

The “globalization of war” is a hegemonic project. Major military and covert intelligence operations are being undertaken simultaneously in the Middle East, Eastern Europe, sub-Saharan Africa, Central Asia and the Far East. The U.S. military agenda combines both major theater operations as well as covert actions geared towards destabilizing sovereign states.

ISBN Number: 978-0-9737147-6-0
Year: 2015
Pages: 240 Pages

List Price: $22.95

Special Price: $15.00

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It’s déjà vu all over again. In an extraordinary tweet, former US Ambassador to Russia, Michael McFaul, wrote of how he approved of the non-UN sanctioned attack on Syria by the aptly named FUKUS alliance (France, UK, US) and “decision to degrade Saddam’s chemical weapons last night.” Oh dear.

And of course we all know the outcome of the claims of Saddam Hussein’s chemical arsenal and nuclear assertions that Western nations could be attacked “in forty five minutes.” A Freudian slip if ever there was one.

Felicity Arbuthnot, Global Research, April 15, 2018

***

The US, British and French bombing of Syria has put many critics of US President Donald Trump in the awkward position of agreeing with him. One of them, former US ambassador to Russia Michael McFaul, slipped on his own tweet.

UPDATE: Mr. McFaul has now apologized for his typo in several further tweets and clarified that he, indeed, meant to say ‘Assad’ instead of ‘Saddam.’

Attempting to explain why he agreed with the bombing on Twitter, McFaul made a point about appreciating the “most amazing” former President Barack Obama and voting for Senator Tim Kaine (and therefore Hillary Clinton) in 2016. So while McFaul thinks Trump has no strategy for Syria, he also approves of the “decision to degrade Saddam’s chemical weapons last night.” Oops.

As a reminder, the mythical hunt for Saddam Hussein’s weapons of mass destruction was used by the administration of George W. Bush to launch the invasion of Iraq in 2003, also without UN authorization and in clear violation of international law. The entire administration professed absolute certainty in US intelligence claiming the existence of Iraqi chemical and nuclear weapons programs, with most mainstream media accepting the claims at face value.

No such weapons were ever found.

McFaul served as the US ambassador to Moscow between 2012 and 2014, at a time when US-Russian relations took a significant turn for the worse. He now teaches at Stanford University in California, and he is very active on Twitter.

His tweets and Facebook postings have attracted RT’s attention on a couple of occasions, so the former ambassador even added a precautionary “calm down RT!” when he made a mistake about a detail of recent anti-Russia sanctions.

Read full article here.

Selected Articles: Attacking Syria. Trump’s “Dirty Game”

April 15th, 2018 by Global Research News

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Attacking Syria: Thumbing Noses at Constitution and Law

By Ray McGovern, April 15, 2018

As was the case 15 years ago when the U.S. and UK launched a war of aggression against Iraq, the pretext was so-called “weapons of mass destruction” (WMD) — this time the claimed use on April 7 of chlorine (and maybe the nerve agent sarin — who knows?) in Duma a suburb of Damascus.  And this time French President Emmanuel Macron was allowed to join, as junior partner, the gang that can’t lie straight.

Who Is the Real Culprit Behind the Chemical Attacks in Syria? A Brief History

By Prof. Muhammad Sahimi, April 15, 2018

Last Friday night, the United States launched a series of missile strikes on Syria in retaliation for the alleged chemical attacks by the Syrian army in Douma, a town in northeast suburb of Damascus. Douma, which is part of the Ghouta district where a ferocious war has been raging between the Syrian government forces and three major terrorist groups, has been completely encircled by the Syrian army. These strikes were, of course, totally illegal.

What Just Happened in Syria. Momentous Implications Far Bigger than the Attacks Themselves

By Eric Zuesse, April 15, 2018

Among the 192 signers of the Chemical Weapons Convention are U.S., Russia, and Syria, as well as China, Iran, and Iraq, but not Israel, nor North Korea and a very few other countries. So: all of the major powers have already, in advance, approved whatever the findings by the OPCW turn out to be. Those findings are expected to determine whether a chemical attack happened in Douma on 7 April 2018, and, if so, then perhaps what the specific banned chemical(s) was(were), but not necessarily who was responsible for it if it existed.

Trump’s Rush to Judgment on Syrian Chemical Attack: Illegal and Deadly

By Prof. Marjorie Cohn, April 15, 2018

Donald Trump says the United States is about to bomb Syria, and Russia has vowed to shoot down US aircraft with missile defenses in response. With John Bolton, the new national security adviser and infamous enemy of the United Nations by Trump’s side, diplomacy is not in the cards.

Trump is Playing a “Dirty Game”? Report from Damascus at 4am at the Height of the Bombings

By Mark Taliano, April 14, 2018

Reportedly, 103 missiles were launched, of which Syrian forces destroyed 71. Bombs landed in about four different locations, including Homs, Mesyaf, and Damascus.

Russian, Iranian and Hezbollah assets were not targeted.

The Chemical Attack in Syria’s Douma Is Just Another “Fake News” from the “White Helmets”

By Inside Syria Media Center, April 14, 2018

Two medics from the hospital of Douma told the truth about the staged video, widely spread by the discredited White Helmets. The participants also say the event in Douma is a provocation.

According to the medics, a group of unknown people broke into the hospital, started screaming about the chemical attack, panicked, and then sprayed people with a fire hose. At the same time, eyewitnesses confirmed that the “victims” on the videos had no signs of chemical poisoning.

The Syrian “Show” Must Go On. US-led Strikes against Syria: A Carefully “Choreographed” Dance between US and Russia

By Andrew Korybko, April 14, 2018

The US launched over 100 cruise missiles at Syria together with its French and British allies, although the Russian Ministry of Defense reported that 71 of them were intercepted by the targeted country’s Soviet-era air-defense systems.

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Air and Naval Task Force Assembling to Attack Syria

April 15th, 2018 by Stephen Lendman

VISIT MY NEW WEB SITE: 

stephenlendman.org 

(Home – Stephen Lendman). 

Contact at [email protected].

Syrian sovereign independence impedes Washington’s objective for regional dominance along with Israel – why Obama launched naked aggression on the country in March 2011, wanting Iran isolated, ahead of a similar campaign to topple its government.

Instead of stepping back from the brink, Trump heads for escalating war on Syria based on a Big Lie, the pretext for all aggressive wars.

Led by US-warships and warplanes, the largest strike force since naked aggression on Iraq is being readied to attack Syria.

Trump’s war cabinet is considering the severity of what’s coming, John Bolton reportedly urging a major attack, Mattis calling for limited strikes.

America’s naval task force includes four guided missile destroyers in the Mediterranean Sea close to Syria’s coast, armed with hundreds of Tomahawk cruise missiles.

US nuclear submarines are likely moving into position for an attack. The Harry S Truman carrier attack force (armed with hundreds of cruise missiles and warplanes) is en route toward the eastern Mediterranean, days before it arrives.

A UK task force includes one or more guided missile destroyers and nuclear submarines. France readied warplanes to participate in an attack if ordered.

Russia has naval forces in the Black Sea and eastern Mediterranean, along with Syria-based warplanes.

Reportedly two or more Russian strategic long-range heavy bombers were deployed to the region, possibly to Iran. Anti-submarine aircraft were sent to Khmeimim airbase in Syria.

UK Prime Minister Theresa May’s war cabinet unanimously backed her call to ally with US aggression against Syria, MPs likely left out of decision-making.

On Thursday, Trump and May spoke by phone, both agreeing to cooperate on an “international response” to the alleged Douma CW incident – what didn’t happen.

It doesn’t matter when Washington is hell bent for war. Any pretext will do – from nonexistent WMDs in Iraq to fake humanitarian intervention in Libya to the false flag Douma CW incident, despite no toxins found, no one ill, nobody hospitalized with symptoms of toxic poisoning, no one dead, no evidence proving anything happened.

According to CNBC, eight principle targets in Syria may be struck if hostilities begin, including Syrian airfields, a research center and mischaracterized chemical weapons facility.

At this point, it’s speculation. Any number of targets could be struck if Trump orders escalated aggression on Syria, including possible shock and awe bombing.

Things unfolding represent a defining moment for Vladimir Putin – the most significant one since US war on Syria began.

Will he order cruise missiles aimed at Syrian targets downed, as Russia’s ambassador to Lebanon claimed?

Will he contest US-led aggression on Syria based on a Big Lie?

Is attacking Syrian targets likely coming a red line he’ll resist – forcefully enough to show he’ll no longer tolerate US-led aggression?

Or will he resort to rhetoric alone like earlier, achieving nothing, encouraging greater US aggression.

Whatever Washington and its rogue allies intend this time could be followed by greater war ahead if not forcefully challenged.

Sooner or later Putin has to decide if he’ll resist increasingly aggressive US behavior.

If not in the Middle East, it could be in Russia’s heartland ahead, a far graver situation if develops.

Bullies like America don’t back off unless forcefully challenged. Now is the time for Putin to contest what he’ll no longer tolerate.

Pretending Russia and America are partners is defeatism. Less talk and more action is essential, perhaps the only way to avoid potential disaster ahead.

The lesson of events preceding WW II showed the failure of appeasement.

If Hitler was confronted before things got out of hand, WW II might have been avoided, millions of lives saved.

The best way, perhaps the only way, to prevent another global war with nukes this time is by confronting Washington forcefully enough to show its bullying no longer will be tolerated.

Now is the moment for Putin to act!

*

Stephen Lendman is a Research Associate of the CRG, Correspondent of Global Research based in Chicago.

VISIT MY NEW WEB SITE: stephenlendman.org (Home – Stephen Lendman). Contact at [email protected].

My newest book as editor and contributor is titled “Flashpoint in Ukraine: How the US Drive for Hegemony Risks WW III.”

First published on April, 13, 2018 (prior to US led airstrikes)

UPDATE (April 15, 2018) 

The US war cabinet chose to implement a face saving punitive bombing rather than an all out war against Syria. Defense Secretary Mattis was acutely  aware that a punitive bombing could lead to escalation and military confrontation with Russia. 

Russia’s objective was to avoid a military clash while ensuring the defense of Syria. The Russians were crystal clear. They would counterattack if Russian military assets were targeted. 

Washington also knew that they could not initiate at this juncture a major military campaign against Syria largely due to divisions within the Atlantic Alliance and the fact that a NATO member State, namely Turkey had become an ally of Russia and was fighting US proxy Kurdish rebel forces (integrated by French, British and US Special Forces) in Northern Syria. 

What Washington decided upon was a punitive attack while putting a major theater war against Syria “on hold”.

Russia did not need to respond to this attack because none of its military assets were targetted and that was part of an understanding between Moscow and Washington.

Soviet era Russian air defense technology was used by Syria. According to Russian sources, 103 missiles were launched, 71 were destroyed by Syria’s air defense.

These developments do not in any way preclude the launching of a major military campaign against Syria at some future date. 

(Michel Chossudovsky, April 15, 2018)

***

History is often the result of mistakes. Trump’s hawkish cabinet is made up a diabolical group of decision-makers including John Bolton, Mike Pompeo and “Mad Dog” Jim Mattis who are firmly committed to waging war. A massive US-NATO naval deployment is unfolding in the Eastern Mediterranean. The British government has put its Royal Air Force bombers on standby. The USS Truman aircraft carrier is en route to the Eastern Mediterranean. 

At this stage it is impossible to predict what actions might be taken. President Trump’s Trigger-happy threats directed against Syria (in response to the alleged chemical weapons attack) should therefore be taken seriously.  

Similarly, the implications of Moscow’s stance confirming that the Russian Military will forcefully respond to US missile attacks should also be addressed. 

However, there is an important element which has largely been neglected in recent independent media reports regarding Syria, which suggests that the US could take the decision NOT to engage in the conduct of a major military campaign at this particular juncture. 

Why?

The structure of US military alliances is in crisis. 

Military Strategy 101 tells us: you do not wage a major war when one of your key allies is “sleeping with the enemy”.

An understanding of the military structure of alliances including cross-cutting coalitions is absolutely crucial. So-called “enduring alliances” in support of America’s “Long War” can no longer be relied upon.

NATO is in crisis: The U.S. and several NATO member states are not only at war with Syria, they are also at war with Turkey which is fighting the US sponsored Kurdish rebel forces in Northern Syria.

In turn, Turkey –which remains NATO’s heavyweight in terms of conventional ground forces– has an alliance with both Russia and Iran, which in turn are supportive of the government of Bashar al Assad.

With regard to China-Turkey cooperation (including military affairs), “China has expressed openness toward Turkey’s joining the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, a security alliance … that is seen as a counterweight to NATO” (to which Turkey happens to be a member).

Syria’s Kurdistan

Within NATO the clash is not limited to a confrontation between Washington and Ankara. Other member states of the Atlantic alliance have been sucked into the US-Turkey showdown in Northern Syria including France and Britain, not to mention Israel ( a de facto NATO member and ally of Turkey) which has been supportive of the Kurdish separatist movement mainly in Iraq but also in Syria.

France and Britain Support the Kurds against Turkey

French special forces were dispatched by President Macron to Northern Syria in support of the Kurdish rebels. De facto, France is now at war with Turkey, a partner NATO member State.

President Macron is in many regards a US proxy. Contrary to the Reuters report above, France will be working hand in glove with the US,  providing military support to the Kurdish rebels who are fighting against Turkey, France’s partner state of the Atlantic alliance.

Moreover, British as well as Israeli intelligence ops have also integrated Kurdish forces.

While Germany’s “official” military support is limited to the Pechmerga Kurdish forces in Iraq, Berlin has established de facto “diplomatic” relations with Syria’s Kurdish National Council (ENKS in Kurdish).

The Fracture of Syria

The fracture of Syria and Iraq is part of a longstanding US agenda which consists in redrawing the Map of the Middle East: In southern Syria, what was envisaged from the outset of the war in 2011 is regime change and the formation of a Sunni Islamic State, In North East Syria, Washington’s project is to create an independent Kurdish State which would also encompass parts of Iraq, Iran and Turkey (see map below)

Note: The following map was prepared by Lieutenant-Colonel Ralph Peters. It was published in the Armed Forces Journal in June 2006, Peters is a retired colonel of the U.S. National War Academy. (Map Copyright Lieutenant-Colonel Ralph Peters 2006).

Greater Israel

The fracture of Syria and Iraq including the formation of an independent Kurdish State is intimately related to the Zionist project of a Greater Israel (see Map below which identifies the “Promised Land”)

Israeli forces are involved covertly in Northern Syria against Turkey in coordination with the US military in Rojava (Syrian Kurdistan)

The “Greater Israel” project consists in weakening and eventually fracturing neighboring Arab states as part of a US-Israeli expansionist project, with the support of NATO and Saudi Arabia. In this regard, the Saudi-Israeli rapprochement is from Netanyahu’s viewpoint a means to expanding Israel’s spheres of influence in the Middle East as well as confronting Iran. Needless to day, the “Greater Israel” project is consistent with America’s imperial design. (Michel Chossudovsky, Global Research, December 2017)

“Greater Israel” consists in an area extending from the Nile Valley to the Euphrates. 

 

Inter-NATO Divisions

One assumes that Trump’s advisory team is acutely aware of these inter-NATO divisions as well as the role of the broader structure of military alliances, which –from a strategic standpoint– has contributed to weakening the US.

Under these circumstances, one would expect that the hawkish war cabinet would advise the US Commander in Chief not to initiate at this juncture a major military campaign against Syria (i.e. similar to Iraq or Afghanistan). This course of action which consists in putting a major theater war on hold, does not however exclude the conduct of so-called punitive bombings to which both Russia and Syria would no doubt react. Nor does it exclude postponing major military action (including an invasion) to a later date.

The conduct of a military campaign led by Israel (with US support) against Lebanon, however, cannot be excluded.

The Ground War

Another factor which does not favor the conduct of a major US military intervention against Syria has to do with the nature of the ground war and the defeat of US proxy rebel forces throughout most of the country.

While the ground war opposing Turkey and America’s Kurdish proxies in Northern Syria is still ongoing, in Southern Syria, the conflict opposing Syrian government forces to al Qaeda affiliated rebels (which have been supported and financed by the Pentagon, NATO, Saudi Arabia and Israel) is more or less over following the liberation of Eastern Ghouta.

In turn, the Syrian government forces with the support of Russia have arranged for the evacuation of most of the Al Qaeda terrorists in air conditioned buses en route to Idlib which happens to be occupied by Turkish forces who are fighting US sponsored Kurdish rebels.

Moreover, with the defeat of the Al Qaeda affiliated rebels, most of the Western military advisers (embedded within Al Qaeda “opposition” forces), have also been evacuated from Southern Syria.

The Russian military in turn is in routine consultation with their Turkish counterparts which have facilitated the exodus of US supported “rebels’ as well their Western military advisers from Eastern Ghouta. Needless to say, the absence of active Western special forces on the ground constitutes an impediment to effectively waging a broader military campaign against Syria.

Concluding Remarks

As this article goes to Press, President Trump has intimated that “a final decision on possible military strikes against Syria … could happen “very soon or not so soon at all” following warnings by Defense Secretary Jim Mattis that “such an attack carried the risk of spinning out of control, suggesting caution ahead of a decision on how to respond to a [chemical weapons] attack against civilians last weekend [in Douma].”

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The U.S. Constitution and international law suffered a stinging blow last night at the hands of an odd coalition that might be called Goldilocks and two moral dwarfs posing as Marine generals, together with a “Right Dishonorable” harridan and a young French poodle.

As was the case 15 years ago when the U.S. and UK launched a war of aggression against Iraq, the pretext was so-called “weapons of mass destruction” (WMD) — this time the claimed use on April 7 of chlorine (and maybe the nerve agent sarin — who knows?) in Duma a suburb of Damascus.  And this time French President Emmanuel Macron was allowed to join, as junior partner, the gang that can’t lie straight.

The attacks by the Gang of Three came hours before specialists from the UN Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons were to arrive in Syria to study soil and other samples in Duma. The question leaps out: Why could the Gang not wait until the OPCW had a chance to find out whether there was such an attack and, if so, what chemical(s) were used?

Sentence First, Verdict Later

U.S. Defense Secretary James Mattis could only say that he believes there was a chemical attack and that perhaps sarin, in addition to chlorine, was involved. Serving until now as the only available “evidence” are highly dubious reports from agenda-laden “social media.”  What is clear is that the U.S./UK/French Gang wanted to strike before the OPCW investigators had a chance to ascertain what happened.  Hmm.  All the earmarks of “Sentence first; verdict afterwards.”

Former Secretary of State John Kerry made a habit of advertising how “extraordinarily useful” social media can be.  He got that right.  Of the main alleged “chemical attacks” by Syria — on August 21, 2013; April 4,2017; and April 7, 2018 — the primary, if not exclusive — source of information was the “extraordinarily useful,” but notoriously unreliable, “social media.”

Marine Martinets

Mattis: Giving a new meaning to “flaming” on social media.

Briefing the media last night, after Goldilocks had set the stage announcing “retaliation” for the (unproven) use of chemicals by the Syrian government, were two four-star Marine generals, one of them (Mattis) retired, who seem to have mistakenly thought that the Marine motto had been changed to “Semper Lie.”  It was a very sad spectacle.

In 1961, when I was commissioned a 2nd Lieutenant in the U.S. Army, I took a solemn oath to support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies foreign and domestic.  Also drummed into the heads of us newly minted officers was the obligation to tell the truth — always.

I had assumed — apparently naively — that Marines took the same oath and obligation.  The attack on Iraq 15 years ago destroyed that assumption.  I will cite just two examples that scandalized me.

Hear No Evil, Speak No Truth, Get Rich Quick

Marine Gen. Zinni was receiving an award at the Veterans for Foreign War convention on August 26, 2002, and decided to play Brer’ Rabbit as he listened to the main speaker, Vice President Dick Cheney, set the meretricious terms of reference for war with Iraq.

Zinni: A relatively straight shooter who remained quiet nonetheless.

Zinni had been commander of CENTCOM and had retired two years before, but his continued role as fully cleared consultant had enabled him to stay up to date on key intelligence findings for Iraq.  Zinni later said he was shocked to hear Cheney’s depiction of intelligence (Iraq has WMD and is amassing them to use against us) that did not square with what he knew the accurate intelligence to be. “There was no solid proof that Saddam had WMD. … I heard a case being made to go to war,” Zinni told Meet the Press three and a half years later. (Emphasis mine.)

Earlier, Zinni enjoyed a reputation as a relatively straight shooter with a good bit of courage. And so, the question lingers: why did he not go public when he first heard Cheney’s lie?  THAT might have stopped the war.  What seems operative here, I fear, is an all-too-familiar conundrum at senior levels where people have been conditioned not to rock the boat, not to risk their standing within the Washington Establishment or their prospects for lucrative spots on the corporate boards of arms manufacturers.

Semper Fraud

Without the full cooperation of former Marine, Senator Pat Roberts (R, Kansas), who was Chairman of the Senate Intelligence Committee before, during, and after the attack on Iraq, Bush and Cheney would have had far more difficulty perpetrating that crime.  Because of Roberts’s participation in what easily qualifies as a criminal conspiracy, Bush and Cheney were able to run amok — until, finally, the Senate changed hands in 2006.

On June 5, 2008 Roberts’s successor, Sen. Jay Rockefeller announced the completion of a five-year Senate Intelligence Committee investigation — a study that had been continually sidetracked by Roberts.  Rockefeller introduced the study’s bipartisan findings with these words: “In making the case for war, the Administration repeatedly presented intelligence as fact when in reality it was unsubstantiated, contradicted, or even non-existent.”

Fellow Marine and UN weapons inspector Scott Ritter found Roberts’s behavior shameful.  Ritter was unable to resist writing: “Semper Fraud, Senator Roberts.”

Against that background, it was particularly painful last evening to watch two Marine four-star generals peddling at the Pentagon a bogus casus belli for another unprovoked armed attack — this time on Syria.

Media people favored with a Pentagon pass were too timid to ask pointed questions about the evidence that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, for some strange reason known only to him, picked a time of near victory to “use chemical weapons against his own people” on April 7.  No one asked why the rush to judgment; why the gang of three (the U.S., its aging British cousin, and its young French poodle) could not have waited just a day or two for UN inspectors to arrive and discover whether the so-called “chemical attack” amounted to a true casus belli, or a casus belly-laugh.

Following Orders

Defense Secretary James Mattis and Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Joseph Dunford remind me of the generals of the Third Reich in “just following orders,” lying through their teeth about the pretext for attacking Poland — er, I mean Syria — as though the solemn oath they took was to the Fuehrer — er, I mean President — not the Constitution.  It seemed, at first, that President George W. Bush’s dictum still reigned at the Pentagon; i. e., “The Constitution is just a goddamned piece of paper.”But President Donald Trump and Secretary Mattis did not go as far as Bush. No doubt under White House orders, Mattis dutifully recited the key tenet of constitutional scholar Dick Cheney’s dubious “unitary executive” theory; that is, that the President is somehow not bound by Article I (Section 8) of the Constitution.  That Article I section may have been in mothballs since the attack on Pearl Harbor, but remains a very important part of the Constitution.  And the U.S. has gotten into a peck of trouble by those —administrations and members of congress, alike — who have chosen to circumvent this key provision, which reserves to Congress the power to declare war.  Our Founders wanted this to apply, if a King — er, I mean President — got it into his head to attack another country.  Syria, for example.

At the beginning of his speech, Mattis employed this dubious variant, without the slightest demurral from those wishing to retain their Pentagon passes:

“As our commander in chief, our President has the authority under Article II of the Constitution to use military force overseas to defend important U.S. national interests.”

Bush: ‘A goddamned piece of paper.’

Those interested should re-read Article II.  They will look in vain for anything like the Cheney/Mattis variant.  All that part of Article II says is: “The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States.”

A Common Error With Budding Officers Too

An experience I had teaching a class at the Naval Academy in Annapolis 12 years ago suggests that students at U.S. military academies are led to think that Article II supersedes Article I. Lecturing to a third-year class of about 50 students about political/military events, I referred innocently to the solemn oath required of military personnel and asked what that oath was all about.  “Well, it is an oath to the President, of course,” said the first student who threw up his hand, with several others nodding assent.  I said that was quite wrong.  And it turned out to be like pulling teeth to find one student who knew that the oath was to defend the Constitution.

Last evening I found myself wondering what Attorney General Jeff Sessions thought of Mattis’s messing with Article I, Section 8.  For, not too long ago, there was one shining moment when Sen. Jeff Sessions did his best to challenge then-Defense Secretary Leon Panetta, who pretended to be unfamiliar with the bedrock fact that the Constitution reserved to Congress the right to declare war.

Libya: Precedent for Syria

At a hearing of the Senate Armed Services Committee on March 7, 2012, then-Sen. Jeff Sessions, R-Alabama, pursued this key issue with Panetta. Chafing ex post factoat the unauthorized nature of the war in Libya, Sessions asked repeatedly what “legal basis” would the Obama administration rely on to do in Syria what it did in Libya.

Watching that part of the testimony, it seemed to me that Sessions, a conservative Southern lawyer, was not at all faking when he pronounced himself “almost breathless,” as Panetta stonewalled time after time. Panetta made it explicitly clear that the administration does not believe it needs to seek congressional approval for wars like Libya. At times he seemed to be quoting verses from the Book of Cheney.

Sessions:

“I am really baffled … The only legal authority that’s required to deploy the U.S. military [in combat] is the Congress and the President and the law and the Constitution.”

Panetta:

“Let me just for the record be clear again, Senator, so there is no misunderstanding. When it comes to national defense, the President has the authority under the Constitution to act to defend this country, and we will, Sir.”

If you readers care about the Constitution and the rule of law, I strongly recommend that you view the entire 7-minute video clip.

Constitutionally, the craven Congress is a huge part of the problem. Only a few members of the House and Senate seem to care very much when presidents act like kings and send off troops drawn largely by a poverty draft to wars not authorized (or simply rubber-stamped) by Congress.

A Chill on the First Amendment

Secretary Mattis devoted his last minute last evening to a careful reading of the following warning:

“Based on recent experience, we fully expect a significant disinformation campaign over the coming days by those who have aligned themselves with the Assad regime.  And, in an effort to maintain transparency and accuracy, my assistant for public affairs, Ms. Dana White, and Lt. Gen. McKenzie, Director General of the Joint Staff here in Washington, will provide a brief of known details tomorrow morning — we are anticipating at about 9:00 in this same location.”A warning not so sotto voce: Criticize the craven behavior of Mattis, Dunford, or the Gang of Three, and you will be “aligning” yourself “with the Assad regime.”

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Ray McGovern works with Tell the Word, a publishing arm of the ecumenical Church of the Saviour in inner-city Washington.  He was an Army Infantry/Intelligence officer and then a CIA analyst for a total of 30 years.
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On 13 April 2018 the United States, the United Kingdom and France carried out military strikes against Syrian government positions. This was claimed by the United States Government and its allies, including Australia, to be in response to the use of chemical weapons by Syrian government forces in the Douma region close to Damascus on 7 April 2018.

There are two elements relating to this attack that are especially noteworthy. The first is that the United States and its allies have made statements and now conducted military operations on two assumptions. First, that there was in fact a chemical attack carried out in Douma. Secondly, forces allied to the Syrian government of Bashar al Assad carried out that such an attack. Neither of these assumptions has been demonstrated to actually be true.

This evidence has not been produced. Instead, we are told that it is “classified.” This is an unacceptable justification for an armed attack on a sovereign nation. Assertions are not evidence. One has only to recall the equally confident assertions made by George Bush, Tony Blair, John Howard and the minions about Iraq’s “weapons of mass destruction” to know that such assertions are frequently baseless and are more accurately described as lies to justify a wider geopolitical agenda.

In the present case there are additional grounds to doubt the veracity of the claims made by Trump, May and Macron. Immediately following the alleged chemical attack, multiple reports emerged that the “victims” were in fact killed when a building collapsed. This was independently confirmed by eyewitnesses and hospital staff where the injured were treated. Unlike many Western media reports the persons interviewed were willing to be named. The hospital staff in particular were quite explicit: the persons admitted to hospital showed none of the symptoms of a chemical attack.

Even the normally anti-Syrian government Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, a British based mouthpiece for MI6, spoke only of victims from a collapsed building.

In addition, the Russian government immediately sent in specialists to analyze the area where the attack was alleged to have occurred. They reported that there was zero evidence of the use of chemical or biological substances, including in or on the alleged victims.

The western media, where they did not ignore the Russian evidence, were dismissive of it on the basis of its alleged partiality. That may be an arguable point, but the Russians had already countered it by an invitation to the 0PCW to send a technical team to investigate. The Russians guaranteed their protection.

At the time of the American led attack the 0PCW team had an effect arrived in Syria and had commenced their investigation. Completely missing from the statements made by the US, UK, French and Australian governments was any explanation as to why it was necessary to “send an unequivocal message” to the Syrian government and its Russian and Iranian supporters, before the OPCW had the chance to complete its investigations and issue a report.

The joint statement issued by the Australian prime minister and Foreign minister Malcolm Turnbull and Julie Bishop respectively, said

“the Assad regime (sic) must not be allowed to commit such crimes with impunity.”

No doubts, no questions and no qualifying terminology. Why bother with evidence when the outcome is predetermined.

Turnbull and Bishop, like their counterparts among other members of the US led “coalition” simply treat the matter as “case closed.” That this approach defies the most basic precepts of law is especially egregious coming from two political leaders who never tire of reminding the world of their commitment to the “rules based international order.” For them, it is a case of one set of rules for some, but a different set of rules for the designated enemies.

The second aspect is one that is constantly ignored by those engaged in the demonization of Syria and its principal backers Russia and Iran. That is, an attack by one State upon another is directly contrary to international law, except in two restricted circumstances.

The first exception is that such an action must be authorised by the Security Council. That has not happened. The second exception is that an attack is permitted, in limited circumstances, pursuant to Article 51 of the UN Charter when the attacked State can invoke self-defence.

The statement released by Turnbull and Bishop said,

“Australia supports these strikes, which demonstrate a calibrated, proportionate and targeted response.”

The opposition Labour party did not dissent from this view.

This statement by Turnbull and Bishop is clearly intended to imply that the attacks come within the provisions of Article 51, though even they did not have the chutzpah to make that claim explicit. It is in any case in the context of this attack complete legal nonsense.

None of the three attacking countries were under any sort of threat requiring or justifying a military response, calibrated, proportionate or otherwise. In fact, they did not try to justify their actions on those grounds. The British Prime Minister Theresa May said,

“there was no practical alternative to the use of force.”

The French government claimed that Syria had “reached the point of no return.” President Trump made a series of barely coherent statements and tweets, claiming everything from America being a “righteous power” to calling Mr Assad “an animal.”

None of these political leaders sought to justify their actions under international law. It is notable that they did not even try.

None of this should come as a surprise. The latest attack on Syria had no more legal justification than Reagan’s bombing of Tripoli and Benghazi 10 days after a terrorist bombing in Berlin. There was a similar lack of any legal justification when Clinton bombed Baghdad in 1993 and 1996. Clinton also ordered an attack on what the Americans alleged was a chemical weapons related facility producing VX nerve gas in Sudan. That target turned out to be an ordinary pharmaceutical factory.

The justification offered for the latest attack also repeats the long discredited allegation that the Syrian government was responsible for the chemical weapons attack in Khan Sheikhoun last year. It is a measure of the hypocrisy surrounding the latest attack that the evidence established in respect of the Khan Sheikhoun incident should be completely ignored. The mainstream media are complicit for their part in the continuing demonization of the Syrian government by also completely ignoring the relevant evidence.

Rather than being an upholder of the “rules based international order” the United States is, rather, a serial violator of international law. Its self-description as the “exceptional nation” apparently extends to a belief that it is exempt from the normal rules of civilized discourse and behaviour between nations.

At the time of writing the Russian response to this outrage is not known, but given the recent explicit warnings of Foreign Minister Lavrov and military chief Gerasimov, a response is both inevitable and necessary. To not hold the United States and its allies accountable for this blatant breach of international law will be ultimately more dangerous than taking no action at all.

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James O’Neill is an Australian-based Barrister at Law, exclusively for the online magazine “New Eastern Outlook.”

Featured image is from NEO.

Last Friday night, the United States launched a series of missile strikes on Syria in retaliation for the alleged chemical attacks by the Syrian army in Douma, a town in northeast suburb of Damascus. Douma, which is part of the Ghouta district where a ferocious war has been raging between the Syrian government forces and three major terrorist groups, has been completely encircled by the Syrian army. These strikes were, of course, totally illegal.

Russia and the Syrian government have denied that there has even been a chemical attack in Douma, while in an interview with BBC Radio Scotland, Peter Ford, Britain’s former Ambassador to Syria said that he believes the chemical attack in Douma is staged. The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) has announced that, on the invitation of the Syrian government, it will send a team to Douma to investigate the possible use of chemical weapons against civilians. But, President Trump and his national security team were not willing to wait until the results of OPCW investigations are reported.

Once again the mainstream media in the West, and in particular in the United States, are beating the war drums, as if they have learned nothing from their gross mistakes and misleading reports and “analyses” over the past 17 years, ever since the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001. The allegation that the Syrian government has used chemical weapons in Douma is accepted uncritically and without a shadow of doubt. No one asks why the Syrian government, which is taking back most, if not all of Syria at a time when Trump has expressed his desire to pull U.S. troops out of Syria, should commit such a horrendous war crime. No one asks whether it would be the terrorist groups and their backers in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, and even Israel, that would benefit from deepening of US involvement in Syria, or the Syrian government and its allies, Russia and Iran. If the attack was staged, who will benefit from it? Mainstream media almost never asks such critical questions.

While there is no doubt that chemical weapons have been used in Syria, killing a large number of innocent civilians, it is still not clear who the culprit has been. In fact, a review of credible reports and analyses by objective experts and journalists reveals that before Syria gave up its arsenal of chemical weapons in 2014, it was just as likely, if not more likely, that the opposition and terrorist groups used chemical weapons in the war, as the Syrian army. After Syria gave up its arsenal of chemical weapons, and particularly after Russia’s decisive intervention on behalf of Syrian government in 2015, it has become increasingly unlikely that the Syrian army would use chemical weapons against its own citizens. Let us take a look at the brief history of such allegations.

The first time it was alleged that the Syrian army had used chemical weapons against the opposition was on 17 October 2012, when France claimed that the town of Salqin in the governorate of Idlib had been attacked by such weapons. This was followed by allegations of attacks in Al-Bayadah in the governorate of Homs on 23 December 2012; in Darayya and Otaybah, both in the governorate of Rif Dimashq [Dimashq is the Arabic name for Damascus] on 13 and 14 of March 2013, and several others in April and May 2013.

Use of chemical weapons in the Syrian Civil War is located in Syria

The map marks the position of reported chemical weapons attacks in the Syrian Civil War. Yellow markers indicate chlorine attacks. Red indicate a more deadly chemical weapon agent. (Source: Wikimedia Commons)

On 6 May 2013 Carla Del Ponte, a former Swiss attorney-general, prosecutor with the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, and a leading member of a United Nations appointed commission of inquiry about allegations of violations of human rights in Syria, stated in an interview that, based on the testimony of victims of such attacks, there were “strong, concrete suspicions but not yet incontrovertible proof” that “rebels” – the terrorists – in Syria had used sarin, a nerve agent, against civilians, adding,

“I was a little bit stupefied by the first indications we got ….. They were about the use of nerve gas by the opposition.”

On 30 May 2013 Turkish authorities arrested 12 suspected terrorists in the southern provinces of Mersin, Adana and Hatay near the Syrian border. The suspects were carrying chemicals that could be used for making chemical weapons. In September 2013, Turkey put on trial a Syrian national who had attempted to procure chemical materials for two terrorist groups in Syria, the Al Nusra Front, the Syrian branch of al-Qaeda and the Ahrar al-Sham Brigades. The prosecutor filed a report stating that the accused, in collaboration with several others, had ordered 10 tons of sarin nerve gas in Turkey. Then, on 2 November 2013 Turkish patrol border units seized one ton of sulfur and eight sealed barrels from a convoy trying to illegally enter the country from Syria. Turkey’s main opposition party, Republican People’s Party, expressed concerns about such seizures.

Attacks with chemical weapons seemed to stop after Human Rights Watch reported one in Adra, in governorate of Rif Dimashq on 23 May 2013. But, they were resumed in Adra again on 5 August 2013. The United Nations decided to dispatch a group of experts to Syria to investigate the new attacks. The group arrived in Syria on 21 August 2013, exactly the day in which multiple chemical attacks occurred in Zamalka/Ein Tarma and in Muadamiyat al-Sham, both in the governorate of Rif Dimashq. Why would the Syrian government stage chemical attacks exactly on the day that the UN commission was arriving there? Once again, the mainstream media failed to ask such an obvious question.

James Clapper

Since the August 2013 attacks had supposedly crossed the “red lines” that had been set by President Obama, US attacks on Syria seemed imminent; but they did not occur. In an interview in April 2016 the President said that he did not order the attacks because James Clapper, then National Intelligence Director, told him that proving that the Syrian government was the culprit “was not a slam dunk.”

On 14 September 2013 Russia and US agreed to a deal according to which the Syrian government would give up its stockpile of chemical weapons for destruction. UN Security Council Resolution 2118 was passed unanimously on 27 September 2013 in support of the deal. The first load was delivered on 7 January 2014, while the last of such weapons were shipped out on 23 June 2014.

On 23 December 2013 eminent journalist Seymour Hersh reported that,

“In the months before the attack, the American intelligence agencies produced a series of highly classified reports, culminating in a formal Operations Order – a planning document that precedes a ground invasion – citing evidence that the al-Nusra Front, a jihadi group affiliated with al-Qaida, had mastered the mechanics of creating sarin and was capable of manufacturing it in quantity. When the attack occurred al-Nusra should have been a suspect, but the administration cherry-picked intelligence to justify a strike against Assad.”

Hersh’s report was practically banned in the United States.

After the chemical attacks on Ashrafiyat Sahnaya, a city in southern Syria, on 25 August 2013, such attacks stopped once again. They were resumed on 10 April 2014, and continued unabated through 30 August 2014. In an article on 17 April 2014 Hersh reported that

“British intelligence had obtained a sample of sarin used in the 21 August [2013] attack and [its] analysis demonstrated that the gas used didn’t match the batches known to exist in the Syrian’s army chemical weapon arsenal.”

Hersh also reported that a former US senior intelligence official told him, “We knew there were some in the Turkish government who believed they could get [Bashar al-] Assad’s nuts in a vice by dabbling with a sarin attack inside Syria….”

The chemical attacks began once again in the aforementioned town of Darayya on 15 February 2015. At that time Darayya was controlled by the Syrian Army. Why would the Army use chemical weapons in a town that it already controls? Such attacks continued until 21 August 2015 when the OPCW declared that Daesh [also known as ISIS or ISIL] had staged a chemical attacks in Mare’ in the governorate of Aleppo.

It was reported on 21 May 2015 that Turkish intelligence “helped deliver arms to parts of Syria under Islamist rebel control during late 2013 and early 2014, according to a prosecutor and court testimony from gendarmerie officers.” In October 2015 Hersh’s reports were confirmed. Eren Erdem and Ali Seker, two members of Turkish parliament, held a press conference in Istanbul in which they stated that they have wiretapped recordings and other evidence showing that Turkey supplied the sarin used in Syria. This was consistent with the aforementioned May 2015 report. Given that Turkey is a member of the NATO and a close ally of the United States, these credible reports should have attracted wide attention; but they did not.

A statement by the investigative team of the OPCW declared on 6 November 2015 with “the utmost confidence” that Daesh [ISIS] used sulfur mustard in an attack on 21 August 2015 in Mare’.

Foreign Policy reported on 16 February 2016 that Daesh had used mustard gas in Iraq in 2015.

Before the recent attacks in Douma, the last major attack happened in Khan Shaykhun in the Idlib governorate on 4 April 2017. Witnesses claimed that the attacks had used aerosol dispersion munitions that contained an organophosphate nerve agent. Officials of Syrian government vehemently denied the allegations, claiming that a Syrian missile had unintentionally struck a factory that was supposedly being used by the terrorists to manufacture chemical weapons. The Russian Defense Ministry stated a reason similar to that of the Syrian officials. The attacks prompted President Trump to order missile attacks on a Syrian air force base.

On 25 June 2017 Hersh presented sources and transcripts that indicated that there was no chemical weapons attack by the Syrian government in Khan Shaykhun. According to Hersh, the release of toxic chemicals stemmed from materials and munitions that had been stored in or near the designated target that was hit with a conventional bomb. Hersh’s article was not reported by any of the major US mainstream media.

From a human perspective it does not really matter who are the culprits behind these war crimes. A large number of innocent people, particularly children, have been killed. Needless to say, whoever has been involved in the chemical attacks has committed war crimes, and after the war in Syria ends, must be put on trial by the International Criminal Court. It is, however, important to remember, as Joe Biden revealed in a speech at Harvard University in October of 2014, that the US “allies” – Saudi Arabia, Qatar, United Arab Emirates and Turkey – internationalized the war Syria by supporting the terrorist groups in Syria; that secret e-mails by Hillary Clinton stated unequivocally that both Saudi Arabia and Qatar supported, and perhaps continue doing so, the jihadi groups in Syria; and that Turkey, a close US ally, most likely played a major role in spreading chemical weapons in Syria.

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Muhammad Sahimi is a professor at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. For the past two decades he has published extensively on Iran’s political developments and its nuclear program. He was a founding lead political analyst for the website PBS/Frontline: Tehran Bureau, and has also published extensively in major websites and print media. He is also the editor and publisher of Iran News and Middle East Reports and produces a weekly commentary for broadcasting that can be watched at http://www.ifttv.com/muhammad-sahimi.

So the moment we’ve been holding our breaths for a week finally came. In the end, I am mighty glad that this particular strike seems more like the impotent thrashing of the neocon snake that didn’t dare to attack places where Russian servicemen were likely to be killed, than it does the start of World War III. For the moment, at least, thank God.

But the fact that it was a fairly limited strike — compared to what it might have been — in which the majority of missiles failed to hit their targets, having been eliminated by Soviet-era air defences, does not in anyway absolve those who ordered the strike from the grave and reckless action they have taken and for which they are responsible. Not only did they authorise this action before an investigation had been carried out in Douma, and in fact hours before the OPCW inspectors were due there, they did so without consulting their respective legislative bodies, without knowing how many of their missiles would or would not hit their targets, or — and this is crucial — knowing for sure whether their actions would elicit a response from Russia.

In other words, if you live in Britain, France or America, you now know just how cheaply the leaders of your country hold your life, and the lives of your fellow countrymen. They have taken action which could have resulted — and might still result — in a direct clash with the Russian military, and while you have breath left in you, you must never forget this, and do all you can to hold these people to account for their lawless, reckless and enormously dangerous actions.

You must also remember that they did so not because they cared about ordinary Syrians, but because their diabolical attempts to topple the Syrian Government, by backing Islamic terrorist groups such as Jaysh al-Islam, has been thwarted.

But there is one more thing. Amongst the myriad of mind-boggling and often deceptive remarks made by Theresa May during her statement after the attacks, I was particularly struck by this:

“Together we have hit a specific and limited set of targets. They were a chemical weapons storage and production facility, a key chemical weapons research centre and a military bunker involved in chemical weapons attacks. Hitting these targets with the force that we have deployed will significantly degrade the Syrian Regime’s ability to research, develop and deploy chemical weapons.”

So the response to an alleged and unproven chemical weapons incident was to attempt to blow up alleged stockpiles of chemical weapons. I confess that I am not an expert in blowing up chemical weapons stockpiles, but it does seem to me to be a reckless and insane thing to do. If there really were stockpiles of chemical weapons in those places, exactly what guarantee could Donald and Theresa give that such chemicals would not then be released into the atmosphere? As I say, I’m not an expert in blowing up chemical weapons stockpiles — I doubt that there are many in the world who are — but it does seem to me at least possible that an action such as this is potentially catastrophic.

Of course, in all probability there were no chemical weapons there at all. But if we take her at her word, it seems that Theresa May has this to answer for: Not only did she authorise an attack on a sovereign state based on unproven allegations; not only did she fail to consult Parliament; not only did she risk a confrontation with Russia; she also risked the possibly disastrous release of chemical weapons into the atmosphere.

These are just some of the many reasons why the prime minister needs to be impeached by Parliament. It has never happened before, but it is possible. In fact, it is absolutely needful, not just in her case, but also to ensure that no Prime Minister ever acts so lawlessly and recklessly with so many lives again.

On Friday night, President Trump ordered the U.S. military to conduct a bombing attack against the government of Syria without congressional authorization. How can this be constitutional, given the fact that Article I, Section 8 of America’s founding document declares that “The Congress shall have Power … To declare War”?

The deeply bizarre and alarming answer is that Trump almost certainly does have some purported legal justification provided to him by the Justice Department’s Office of Legal Counsel — but no one else, including Congress, can read it.

The Office of Legal Counsel is often called the Supreme Court of the executive branch, providing opinions on how the president and government agencies should interpret the law.

We know that Trump received a top secret OLC opinion justifying the previous U.S. strike on Syria on April 6, 2017. Friday’s bombing undoubtedly relied on the same memo or one with similar reasoning.

So while over 80 members of Congress wrote to Trump on Friday night stating that “engaging our military in Syria … without prior congressional authorization would violate the separation of powers that is clearly delineated in the Constitution,” their action has no impact. The military will rely on the OLC’s opinion that, constitutionally speaking, Trump’s orders were perfectly fine. And it will be quite difficult for members of Congress to argue otherwise, since they don’t even know what the Trump administration’s precise rationale is.

It is not unprecedented for the OLC’s reasoning to be classified. Over 20 percent of its opinions between 1998 and 2013 have been secret.

However, these OLC memos were generally written on government actions that were themselves classified. One notorious example is the so-called “torture memos” produced by the OLC during the George W. Bush administration.

What makes Trump’s actions new, according to several legal experts I spoke with, is that previous presidents appear to have always made public their legal justification for any overt military action on a significant scale. No matter how shoddy their explanations were, this at least made debate possible.

The only reason the existence of the 2017 OLC memo on Syria is public knowledge is because the organization Protect Democracy filed a lawsuit to compel the Justice Department to comply with a Freedom of Information Act request that the OLC provide “the President’s legal authority to launch such a strike.”

The OLC refused — but did produce an index of relevant documents. The first on the list is key: As described by the OLC, it is a “Legal Memo” that “is currently classified TOP SECRET.”

Soon after the 2017 strikes, two prominent Democrats, Sen. Tim Kaine of Virginia and Rep. Adam Schiff from California, wrote to Trump and requested “a detailed analysis of the legal precedents and authorities supporting the action in Syria.” They have not received any response.

So what does the OLC’s secret memo say? Obviously it’s impossible to be certain, but it is possible to make educated guesses.

James Madison, the Constitution’s main architect, explained that the power to declare war must be “fully and exclusively vested” in Congress because history showed that “the executive is the department of power most distinguished by its propensity to war: hence it is the practice of all states, in proportion as they are free, to disarm this propensity of its influence.”

The Constitution did, to some degree, work to restrain this presidential tendency through World War II. Since then, however, both Republican and Democratic presidents have made concerted efforts to break the Constitution’s chains, using extremely strained interpretations of the Constitution itself.

In 1950 President Truman sent hundreds of thousands of troops to Korea to fight an extraordinarily brutal war without any authorization from Congress. Instead, his administration claimed he had the power to do this because Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution says that the president “shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States.” Therefore, “the President’s power to send the Armed Forces outside the country is not dependent on Congressional authority.”

The Gulf of Tonkin resolution provided some degree of Congressional authorization for the Vietnam War. But then the U.S. began a secret military campaign against Vietnam’s neighbor, Cambodia. In 1970 William Rehnquist, later to become Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, was head of the OLC. He provided the Nixon administration with an opinion stating that the Korean War “stands as a precedent for executive action in committing United States armed forces to extensive hostilities without any formal declaration of war by Congress.” Moreover, the U.S. had “in no sense gone to ‘war’ with Cambodia” and Nixon did not require any further authorization from Congress, given “the constitutional designation of the President as Commander in Chief.” The U.S. ended up dropping more bombs on Cambodia – which then had a population smaller than that of New York City — than we used during all of World War II.

This perspective on presidential power eventually become dogma for the U.S. hard right. Congress in fact did authorize the Gulf War in 1991, but Dick Cheney, who was then Secretary of Defense, believed that this was totally unnecessary, and indeed later claimed the George H.W. Bush administration had the power to go to war even if Congress had voted the resolution down. “We had the Truman precedent from the Korean crisis of 1950,” Cheney explained. “From a constitutional standpoint we had all the authority we needed.”

The OLC handed the George W. Bush administration a memo similar to that of Rehnquist’s three weeks after the 9/11 attacks. Thanks to Article II, it said, the Constitution establishes that “the Founders entrusted the President with the primary responsibility, and therefore the power, to use military force in situations of emergency.” Therefore the President did not need congressional authorization to attack “terrorist organizations or the States that harbor or support them, whether or not they can be linked to the specific terrorist incidents of September 11.”

After Trump ordered last year’s strike on Syria, then-Secretary of State Rex Tillerson explained that he’d done so “pursuant to his power under Article II of the Constitution as Commander in Chief,” without any authorization by Congress. Then last night, Secretary of Defense James Mattis stated that “the president has the authority under Article II of the Constitution to use military force overseas to defend important U.S. national interests,” and the bombing was therefore constitutional because “The United States has an important national interest in averting a worsening catastrophe in Syria, and specifically deterring the use and proliferation of chemical weapons.”

So the general outlines of Trump’s legal basis for Friday’s bombing are fairly clear. They are also truly extreme. As Jack Goldsmith, one of the heads of the OLC during the Bush administration, has said, it’s a perspective that “places no limit at all on the president’s ability to use significant military force unilaterally.”

That would be bad enough, of course, if everything were out in the open. But at least then it could be debated on specifics, rather than supposition. Instead, we have allowed the Constitution to be eviscerated to the point that not only does the president have nearly unlimited war powers, we can’t even say exactly why.

In the aftermath of US-led missile strikes on Syria, the Western media has attempted to continue building the case for “US intervention.”

However, before the first agitators took to the streets in Syria in 2011, the US was already involved.

The New York Times in its 2011 article, “U.S. Groups Helped Nurture Arab Uprisings,” would admit (emphasis added):

A number of the groups and individuals directly involved in the revolts and reforms sweeping the region, including the April 6 Youth Movement in Egypt, the Bahrain Center for Human Rights and grass-roots activists like Entsar Qadhi, a youth leader in Yemen, received training and financing from groups like the International Republican Institute, the National Democratic Institute and Freedom House, a nonprofit human rights organization based in Washington, according to interviews in recent weeks and American diplomatic cables obtained by WikiLeaks. 

The work of these groups often provoked tensions between the United States and many Middle Eastern leaders, who frequently complained that their leadership was being undermined, according to the cables. 

The financing of agitators from across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) before the so-called “Arab Spring” was meant to stampede targeted governments from power – paving the way for US client states to form. Nations that resisted faced – first, US-backed militants – and failing that, direct US military intervention – as seen in Libya in 2011.

After the US funded initial unrest in 2011 – the US has armed and funded militants fighting in Syria ever since.

The same NYT would publish a 2013 article titled, “Arms Airlift to Syria Rebels Expands, With Aid From C.I.A.,” admitting (emphasis added):

With help from the C.I.A., Arab governments and Turkey have sharply increased their military aid to Syria’s opposition fighters in recent months, expanding a secret airlift of arms and equipment for the uprising against President Bashar al-Assad, according to air traffic data, interviews with officials in several countries and the accounts of rebel commanders. 

The airlift, which began on a small scale in early 2012 and continued intermittently through last fall, expanded into a steady and much heavier flow late last year, the data shows. It has grown to include more than 160 military cargo flights by Jordanian, Saudi and Qatari military-style cargo planes landing at Esenboga Airport near Ankara, and, to a lesser degree, at other Turkish and Jordanian airports.

As the proxy war the US waged against Damascus began to fail, multiple attempts were made to justify direct US military intervention in Syria as the US and its allies did in 2011 against the Libyan government.

This includes repeated attempts to enforce the “responsibility to protect” doctrine, multiple false-flag chemical attacks beginning with the Ghouta incident in 2013 and the emergence of the so-called “Islamic State” (ISIS) which helped the US justify the deployment of ground troops now currently occupying eastern Syria.

The notion of the US currently “contemplating intervention” in Syria attempts to sidestep the fact that the Syrian conflict itself – from its inception – has been a US intervention.

Long Before “Day 1″ 

Even before the most recent attempt at US-led regime change in Syria, the US has pursued campaigns of violent subversion aimed at Syria and its allies.

In 2007, veteran journalist Seymour Hersh would write in his article, “The Redirection: Is the Administration’s new policy benefitting our enemies in the war on terrorism?,” that (emphasis added):

To undermine Iran, which is predominantly Shiite, the Bush Administration has decided, in effect, to reconfigure its priorities in the Middle East. In Lebanon, the Administration has coöperated with Saudi Arabia’s government, which is Sunni, in clandestine operations that are intended to weaken Hezbollah, the Shiite organization that is backed by Iran. The U.S. has also taken part in clandestine operations aimed at Iran and its ally Syria. A by-product of these activities has been the bolstering of Sunni extremist groups that espouse a militant vision of Islam and are hostile to America and sympathetic to Al Qaeda.

Hersh’s words would become prophetic when, in 2011, the US would begin arming and backing militants – many with overt affiliations to Al Qaeda – in a bid to destabilize Syria and overthrow the government in Damascus.

The article would also lay out preparations that – even in 2007 – were clearly aimed at organizing  for and executing a wider conflict.

Yet, published CIA documents drawn from the US National Archives illustrate how this singular agenda seeking to overthrow the government of Syria stretches back even earlier – by decades.

A 1983 document signed by former CIA officer Graham Fuller titled, “Bringing Real Muscle to Bear Against Syria” (PDF), states (their emphasis):

Syria at present has a hammerlock on US interests both in Lebanon and in the Gulf — through closure of Iraq’s pipeline thereby threatening Iraqi internationalization of the [Iran-Iraq] war. The US should consider sharply escalating the pressures against Assad [Sr.] through covertly orchestrating simultaneous military threats against Syria from three border states hostile to Syria: Iraq, Israel and Turkey. 

The report also states:

If Israel were to increase tensions against Syria simultaneously with an Iraqi initiative, the pressures on Assad would escalate rapidly. A Turkish move would psychologically press him further. 

The document exposes both then and now, the amount of influence the US exerts across the Middle East and North Africa. It also undermines the perceived agency of states including Israel and NATO-member Turkey, revealing their subordination to US interests and that actions taken by these states are often done on behalf of Wall Street and Washington rather than on behalf of their own national interests.

Also mentioned in the document are a variety of manufactured pretexts listed to justify a unilateral military strike on northern Syria by Turkey. The  document explains:

Turkey has considered undertaking a unilateral military strike against terrorist camps in northern Syria and would not hesitate from using menacing diplomatic language against Syria on these issues.

Comparing this signed and dated 1983 US CIA document to more recent US policy papers and revelations of US funding of so-called activists prior to 2011,  reveals not only continuity of agenda – but that attempts to portray the 2011 “uprising” as spontaneous and as merely exploited by the US are disingenuous.

Breaking the Cycle 

The current stalemate in Syria is owed to Russia’s involvement in the conflict. This began in 2013 when Moscow brokered a political deal preventing US military intervention then – and again in 2015 when the Russian military – upon Damascus’ request – built up a presence within the nation. Today, it is the threat of Russian retaliation that has hemmed in US options and plunged American special interests into increasing depths of desperation.

The recent missile strikes by the US and its tentative holdings in eastern Syria reflect geopolitical atrophy amid a conflict that was initially aimed at quickly stampeding the Syrian government from power back in 2011.

Washington’s inability to achieve its objectives leave it in an increasingly desperate position – attempting to reassert itself in the region or face the irreversible decline of its so-called “international order.” However, a desperate hegemon in decline is still dangerous.

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Tony Cartalucci is a Bangkok-based geopolitical researcher and writer, especially for the online magazine “New Eastern Outlook” where this article was originally published. He is a frequent contributor to Global Research.

Featured image is from the author.

What happened right after the second direct U.S.-missiles invasion of Syria, which had occurred on the night of April 13th, could turn out to have momentous implications — far bigger than the attacks themselves.

The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons headlined on April 14th, in the wake of this U.S.-UK-France invasion of Syria that was allegedly punishing Syria’s Government for allegedly having used chemical weapons in its bombing in the town of Douma on April 7th, “OPCW Fact-Finding Mission Continues Deployment to Syria”, and reported that:

The Fact-Finding Mission (FFM) team of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) will continue its deployment to the Syrian Arab Republic to establish facts around the allegations of chemical weapons use in Douma.

The OPCW has been working in close collaboration with the United Nations Department of Safety and Security to assess the situation and ensure the safety of the team.

This means that the effort by the U.S. and its allies on the U.N. Security Council, to squash that investigation, has failed at the OPCW, even though the effort had been successful at blocking U.N. support for that specific investigation.

The OPCW is not part of the U.N., nor of any country; it, instead (as introduced by Wikipedia):

is an intergovernmental organisation and the implementing body for the Chemical Weapons Convention, which entered into force on 29 April 1997. The OPCW, with its 192 member states, has its seat in The Hague, Netherlands, and oversees the global endeavour for the permanent and verifiable elimination of chemical weapons.

In conformity with the unchallenged international consensus that existed during the 1990s that there was no longer any basis for war between the world’s major powers, the Convention sought and achieved a U.N. imprimatur, but this was only in order to increase its respect throughout the world. The OPCW is based not on the U.N. Charter but on that specific treaty, the Chemical Weapons Convention, which was formally approved by the U.N.’s General Assembly on 30 November 1992 and was then opened for signatures in Paris on 13 January 1993. According to the Convention’s terms, it would enter into effect 180 days after 65 nations signed it, which turned out to be on 29 April 1997.

So, although the treaty itself received U.N. approval, the recent Russian-sponsored resolution at the U.N.’s Security Council to have the U.N. endorse the OPCW’s investigation of the 7 April 2018 Douma incident, did not receive U.N. approval. It was instead blocked by the U.S. and its allies. Nonetheless, though without a U.N. endorsement, the OPCW investigation into the incident will move forward, despite the invasion. This fact is momentous, because a credible international inspection, by the world’s top investigatory agency for such matters, will continue to completion, notwithstanding the effort by the U.S. and its allies on the U.N. Security Council, to block it altogether. This decision was reached by the OPCW — not by the U.N.

Among the 192 signers of the Chemical Weapons Convention are U.S., Russia, and Syria, as well as China, Iran, and Iraq, but not Israel, nor North Korea and a very few other countries. So: all of the major powers have already, in advance, approved whatever the findings by the OPCW turn out to be. Those findings are expected to determine whether a chemical attack happened in Douma on 7 April 2018, and, if so, then perhaps what the specific banned chemical(s) was(were), but not necessarily who was responsible for it if it existed. For example, if the ‘rebels’ had stored some of their chemical weapons at that building and then Syria’s Government bombed that building, the OPCW might not be able to determine who is to blame, even if they do determine that there was a chemical attack and the chemical composition of it. In other words: science cannot necessarily answer all of the questions that might be legal-forensically necessary in order to determine guilt, if a crime did, in fact, occur, there.

If the investigation does find that a banned chemical was used and did cause injuries or fatalities, then there is the possibility that its findings will be consistent with the assertions by the U.S. and its allies who participated in the April 13th invasion. That would not necessarily justify the invasion, but it would prove the possibility that there had been no lying intent on the part of the U.S.-and-allied invaders on April 13th.

However, if the investigation does not find that a banned chemical was used in the Syrian Government’s bombing of that building, then incontrovertibly the U.S.-and-allied invasion was a criminal one under international laws, though there may be no international court that possesses the authority to try the case.

So: what is at stake here from the OPCW investigation is not only the international legitimacy of Syria’s Government, but the international legitimacy of the Governments that invaded it on April 13th. These are extremely high stakes, even if no court in the world will possess the authority to adjudicate the guilt — either if the U.S. and its allies lied, or if the Syrian Government lied.

For us historians, this is very important. And, for the general public, the significance goes much farther: to specific Governments, to their alleged news media, and to the question of: What does it even mean to say that a government is a “democracy” or a “dictatorship”? The findings from this investigation will reverberate far and wide, and long (if World War III doesn’t prevent any such findings at all).

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This article was originally published on Strategic Culture Foundation.

Investigative historian Eric Zuesse is the author, most recently, of  They’re Not Even Close: The Democratic vs. Republican Economic Records, 1910-2010, and of  CHRIST’S VENTRILOQUISTS: The Event that Created Christianity. He is a frequent contributor to Global Research.

Featured image is from SCF.

Russia’s Humanity and Moral Conscience Are Leading to War

April 15th, 2018 by Dr. Paul Craig Roberts

It speaks to the humanity and moral greatness of the Russian government led by Vladimir Putin that Russia consented to a pretend attack in order that Donald Trump could save face. Unfortunately for us all, the consequences of Russia’s generosity will not be the thanks that the Russians deserve. Russia and Putin will get no credit for saving Trump from having to back down or have his naval flotilla sunk and his bombers shot down.

Russia is intent on avoiding a conflict, not because Russia is scared of the US military, but because Russia understands it is dealing with a government of psychopaths that are willing to destroy not only seven Muslim countries in whole or part within the past 17 years, but also the entirety of humanity. Therefore, Putin sidesteps each orchestrated confrontation and stands on international law and legal norms.

The result, however, is not what a humane person would expect. The result of Russian humaneness is to provoke more provocations from the evil that is the West.

This morning I visited a friend who had the TV on. I could not believe the lies that Trump, members of his government, and the presstitutes were telling Americans and the world. It was astonishing. Here is Stephen Lendman’s report on some of the lies.

Only readers of my website and a few others will ever know that the only reason thousands of US sailors and dozens of US pilots are still alive is that Russia spared their lives.

Although the Russian government has every good intention, Russia’s moral conscience and consideration for others is leading the world to Armageddon. The reason is that the neoconservatives who control US foreign policy are not going to stop orchestrating events that they blame on Russia. The longer Russia waits before it finally puts its foot down, the stronger the provocations will become. The successive provocations will narrow down Russia’s response to surrender or nuclear war.

The Syrian provocation was an ideal one for Russia to put its foot down. Russia held the military cards. Russia could easily have destroyed every ship and every airplane. Having made the consequences clear in advance to the world, the US would have backed off. The defeat of America without a shot fired would have undermined the crazed neoconservatives who intend US world hegemony.

Under such a clear statement from Russia that the American force would be completely and utterly destroyed, the US Joint Chiefs of Staff would have prevented the attack.

As long as Russia accommodates Washington’s aggressiveness, the aggressiveness will continue to increase.

At times I think that Russia is relying on the Western peoples to wake up to the gratuitous dangerous confrontations that are being provoked in their name. In fact, the Western peoples are helpless. Neither Washington nor the governments of Washington’s British and French vassals consulted the people or the people’s elected representatives about launching a military attack on another country. This fact shows conclusively that neither the US, UK, or France have any respect for law and their own alleged democracies and that the countries have governments that are unaccountable to the peoples. The British and French governments are accountable to Washington, and Washington is accountable to the military/security complex and Israel, which history shows can unseat any US Senator and Representative.

If the Russian government had watched today the US TV media, it would understand the futility of sidestepping Washington’s provocations. Not only would the Russian government observe the lies from Washington about the great success of a non-event, the Russian government would have observed that, on the one hand, there was proclamation of a great American victory, but, on the other hand, John Bolton’s allies among the neoconservatives, were saying that the attack was insufficient to bring Syria and Russia to heel.

The victory and its insufficiency combine to lead to worse provocations. The next provocation will be orchestrated in a situation more favorable to US than to Russian arms. Washington will not again risk a confrontation, as it did in Syria, where it clearly would have lost. What this means is that Russia’s humanity and moral conscience will result in a confrontation far more dangerous to Russia and to all of us.

As I wrote earlier today,

“It would be a mistake to conclude that diplomacy has prevailed and common sense has returned to Washington. Nothing could be further from the truth. The issue is not resolved. War remains on the horizon.”

*

This article was originally published on Paul Craig Roberts Institute for Political Economy.

Dr. Paul Craig Roberts is a frequent contributor to Global Research.

Introduction

Political leaders and the mass media deluge the public with a constant stream of frightening incidents caused by the enemy-of-the-week:  nerve gas killing dozens of little babies in Syria, Russian-directed poison assassination attempts in England and terror incidents throughout Europe, requiring an increase in domestic police state surveillance and spying.  Extensively monitored bank records, intrusive workplace controls, and all personal and, especially, political communications, are in the hands of state security officials or corporate security contractors.

Hundreds of prosecuting attorneys look forward to career-enhancing investigations in perpetuity, tracking the complex networks of extended personal and family links, including long forgotten acquaintances and the contents of casual conversations.  Everyone may be subject to interrogations without warrant or explanation.  And the ‘media’ cheers on the process.

Political trials and convictions in court and the media are rampant.  Social, work-place and academic self censorship and blacklisting of dissident voices have become pervasive and accepted.

Elections and appointments are rigged by corporate and special interests to favor the most bellicose ideologues who manufacture the pretexts for war.

Political intimidation, trade wars and sanctions run amok .

‘Exceptional’ people in authority are defined by their power to bludgeon the majority into passive submission.  Corporate mass media propaganda repeats brief and lurid messages calling for the death and destruction of the latest ‘fill-in-the-blank’ enemy.

War fever is everywhere infesting the weak minds of local opinion leaders, who echo the rants and raves of psychotic leaders without pausing to question.

Last week, the Mexican immigrant workers were described as dangerous invaders, drug dealers, rapists and threats to the every day life of ordinary citizens.  Walls are being constructed and thousands of National Guard are called to the border to confront the invading agricultural workers and their families.

Before that, Muslims were broadly described as brainwashed terrorists, programmed to plant bombs at their first opportunity anywhere and everywhere – on mass transport, in congested amusement parks, in any public space where the innocent may be harmed.  A draconian ban of the entry of Muslims has been instituted – including elderly parents joining their citizen sons or daughters.

After the latest maniac massacre of students, understaffed public schools, (but not private, elite schools), are urged to arm the teachers with baseball bats, rocks and guns.  Instead of multiplication drills, terrified teachers hold daily and weekly drills in their over-crowded classrooms – stuffing their pupils into closets and bathrooms.  Elementary school lunchtimes have become prison-like exercises in ‘total silence’ drills as if to fool the would-be shooter.  Images of little Oliver Twist meekly whispering to an armed guard for a bathroom pass come to mind.  Haunting some outraged parents is the fear that a mad intruder might set fire to the school suffocating scores of children locked in closets and bathroom stalls because ‘fire-drills’ have been superseded by ‘shooter-drills’.

Fear stalks the land! Where will it end?

An Empire Built on Fear

Domination is the driving force of US Empire builders.  But today’s empire is built on fragile economic foundations.  An Empire, which has aimed to dominate the world for the long duration, now stumbles over a series of military defeats abroad and increasingly relies on instilling fear, intimidation and propaganda on its domestic citizenry to regain its dominance.

Inculcating fear, especially at home, is the method of choice.

Since the ruling class of ‘the 1%’ seeks to maintain its world domination, based on increasing exploitation and widening inequalities, voluntary submission of the majority cannot be taken for granted.

The vast majority of citizens no longer trust the ruling elite.  The school lessons in democracy and civic responsibility have lost their credibility.  How can public school children, who now cower in closets, believe in citizen and constitutional rights?

Unending economic insecurity and the increasingly phony patriotic sideshows are beginning to stir up popular discontent.  Large scale, long-term trillion-dollar bank bailouts and exorbitant military budgets are financed by the slash and burn of workers’ wages, job security, public services and the social safety net.  Soaring medical costs are the primary cause of personal bankruptcy among the working and lower middle classes. A physician-pharmaceutical industry fueled opioid addiction crisis is narcotizing millions and killing well over one hundred Americans each day.  The unemployed are prescribed multiple mood altering drugs to numb their anxieties about the future. Fear, incompetent medical care, self-destruction, despair and pain all lead to premature death causing the life expectancy among workers to drop for the first time in US history.

Professionals and opinion leaders, from teachers and physicians to journalists, have abandoned their ethics and enabled the mass deception and oppression of their students, patients and readers.

An empire, which fails to reward its supporters, like President Trump’s marginalized voters, and repeatedly reneges on its promises, can only rely on fear.

The fear we experience is brought about by the ruling class; repeated and embellished by the mass media; and made legitimate by local opinion leaders through face-to-face daily encounters. Teachers and terrified parents instill this fear into the very young without stopping to analyze the origins and motives behind the fear mongering.

The mass message tells us that we face daily threats from terrorists; that we must increase our vigilance; that we must constantly strengthen police state powers; that we must accept the use of advanced lethal police weaponry on our streets; that we must turn to informing on our neighbors and co-workers as potential terrorists, militants, activists, critics and immigrants embedded in offices, factories, schools, churches and neighborhoods.  Meanwhile our oligarch-leaders bless themselves with massive tax-cuts and enjoy the greatest concentration of wealth in history.

Fear diverts attention from the imperial state as it engages in dozens of wars and occupies several hundred overseas military bases. The simplest comment that this has resulted in countless thousands of deaths and countless millions of destroyed lives, not to speak of the countless billions of dollars funneled into the bulging pockets of the ruling class, is censored from all public debate.

Fear permeates society:  Communications are bugged and manipulated.   People are afraid to discuss, let alone move to solve, their common socio-economic problems for fear of reprisals.  The message to the many is ‘keep it to yourself or to your closest kin”.

Fearful people are compelled to publicly demonstrate their loyalty to the State – wear flag-pins and repeat illogical propaganda about the ‘enemy of the week’.

Peaceful objections to worshipping the symbols of the State are demonized and non-conformists, even among talented athletes, are punished by the State and see their careers demolished before the eyes of the entire society – collective punishment for any who resist injustice.

Fear and hopelessness feeds the opioid epidemic –with millions of workers addicted, a direct result of work place injury and job insecurity, as well as of incompetent medical care in the absence of a truly accountable national health care system.  Physicians may have been ‘pressured’ to prescribe highly addicting drugs to workers, but they grew rich in the process.

Fear prevents speaking out and collective struggles.

Just turn on the television ‘news’: The demagogues for the ruling class direct the fearful masses to look downward instead of upward, to fear the poor or the immigrant, rather than the banker or the militarists.

Fear is converted to anger directed toward foreigners, Muslims, Afro-Americans, ‘deplorable’ (meaning poor, marginalized, working class) whites, war protestors and strikers.

Islamophobes, Russophobes and Sinophobes monopolize the channels of opinion.  Any critic of Israel is fired and permanently blacklisted.  Critics identifying the ‘neo-cons’, behind the current march to war, are denounced as crypto-anti-Semitites.  The loudest war criminals are re-appointed to the highest political offices – despite their blood drenched past.

Fear and self-loathing go hand in hand to secure submission to the ruling class, which channels self-hatred toward political adversaries, external economic competitors and domestic victims (the poor, the marginalized and unemployed) – who cannot die or be locked up fast enough.

Pervasive fear is constantly invented and re-invented, to keep the populace on edge, unbalanced and in search of seemingly innocuous distractions to reduce anxieties.

Russia is described as an advancing menacing, murderous, blind juggernaut in order to induce popular compliance with unending arms build-ups and to provide cannon fodder for an impending nuclear war.

US organized and funded ‘regime changes’, led by terrorist proxies in the Ukraine, or direct invasion in Iraq, Libya and Syria, and the NATO encirclement of Russian borders and economic sanctions rely on fear mongering.  The message is: ‘We must bomb them first or they (Russia, China, Syria, Iran…fill-in-the-blank) will launch a sneak attack on ‘us’.

The repeatedly elected Russian President Putin is demonized as a ‘KGB’ authoritarian who must be confronted by our ‘strong leader’ – the arbitrary, accidental, fearless Twitter-addict, and mad bomber President Donald Trump, aided by the Holy Alliance – Theresa May, Manny Macron, the Crown Prince MBS of Saudi Arabia and Benny Netanyahu.  What will history make of a Declaration of War by Twitter!  If any historians survive…

Conclusion

Fear is the last desperate weapon for retaining an unchallenged world empire.  Fearful adversaries are compelled to negotiate away their defenses and disarm, like Iraq and Libya, and then allow the ‘empire’ to commence slaughter at will.  Military threats directed against Iran are naked attempts to force them to dismantle their defensive missiles and cut ties with regional allies.  The plan is to disarm and isolate Tehran, in order to launch an attack with impunity and— force 80 million Persians to submit to the combined wills of the US, Israeli and Saudi oligarchs.

China is threatened with trade wars and an air and maritime encirclement by the US military.  This aims to strike fear in the Chinese leadership and force them to surrender economic sovereignty, financial markets and industrial competitiveness in order to reverse China’s growth and advances.

Step by step concessions by targeted nations will lead to great takeovers:  The ultimate goal, since the time of President Harry Truman, is the re-conquest of the Asian giant, reducing the Chinese to beg with a rusted iron rice bowl.

Russia will be accused of endless poison gas attacks and war crimes everywhere and every week from Ukraine to the quiet lanes of England to the US-Saudi funded war against its ally Syria.   These serve as a pretext for greater economic sanctions, cutting all possibility for debate and diplomatic resolution, leading to economic blockades and global war.

The American ruling class’ dream is to rule over a radiated world from the luxury of their billion-dollar bunkers!  Even as they strike fear and hysteria in the citizenry, they expose their methods: the only real fear is the power of manufactured fear itself.

The ruling class has planted fear-mongers throughout both political parties. They only seem to compete over which is more successful in sowing confusion and fear among the voters: Millions of immigrants are rounded up from work and home; missile strikes and wars expand onto three continents; media and mass communications are largely controlled by the military industrial corporate complex; secret police investigations are routine; prosecutors seek to investigate even our grandfathers, long cold in their graves.

Fearful Americans are just spectators, ‘quiet Americans’ waiting for the next massacre, the next bomb to fall.  They are told to cower in their bedrooms, while their children are shoved into closets.  They are now fearful that the Russians (or this week’s ‘fill-in-the-blank’ intruder) will poison our pizza or bomb us to the Stone Age.

Wall Street fears they will lose China, the biggest financial market in the world, as ‘the Donald’s’ trade war turns ‘hot’.

The Pentagon fears that its ships will collide in the Potomac River and some ‘temp’ contractor will push the wrong button.

The Senators fear losing their perks as they drag their young interns into basement bunkers…for their own safety.

The President, his Cabinet, UN representatives and senior advisors are afraid that the population might wake up to find that missiles and nukes can move in both directions.

By the time the masses finally discover that the greatest menace stalking the country is the fear-mongering propaganda:  They will have read an epitaph for their untimely nuclear death.

*

Prof. James Petras is a research associate of the Centre for Research on Globalization.

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Depressed by the United States’ and its French and British lackeys’ war crimes attack on Syria, I took a walk in the woods on this beautiful spring morning.  Deep up on a mountainside, I almost tripped over an old oil lamp whose metal seemed preternaturally shiny.  I picked it up and set it on a nearby boulder, brushing off some caked-on dirt.

To my astonishment, a genie emerged, standing on the rock.  “You summoned me, sir,” he said. “Do you wish to make a wish? I must warn you that I can only grant you one.”

As you can imagine, I was flabbergasted, but since as I walked I had been talking to my father who died 25 years ago, telling him of my anguish over the savage deeds of the U.S., a country leading the world to the brink of nuclear annihilation, I blurted out, “Yes, my wish is for you to bring my father back to life on earth.” The genie’s face dropped and he said, “I am sorry, sir, but that kind of wish is beyond my power. Do you have another wish?”

I thought for a moment and said, “Yes, I wish that my country the United States would change radically and never again attack Syria or any other country and that it would beat its weapons of war into plowshares.”

Again the genie’s face dropped, but he said, “Oh, sir, what is your father’s name?”

*

Edward Curtin is a writer whose work has appeared widely; is a frequent contributor to Global Research. He teaches sociology at Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts. His website is http://edwardcurtin.com/.

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Donald Trump says the United States is about to bomb Syria, and Russia has vowed to shoot down US aircraft with missile defenses in response. With John Bolton, the new national security adviser and infamous enemy of the United Nations by Trump’s side, diplomacy is not in the cards.

Although there has been no independent investigation, Trump is blaming Syrian President Bashar al-Assad for an alleged chemical attack on Saturday in Douma, a suburb of Damascus, that killed 49 people.

As he did before bombing Syria with Tomahawk missiles one year ago — also in retaliation for an alleged gas attack — Trump is rushing to judgment about who was responsible. And once again, the military force that he’s threatening to use now would violate both the War Powers Resolution and the UN Charter.

Moreover, as a group of international law experts, including this writer, noted in a statement,

an act of violence committed by one government against another government, without lawful justification, amounts to the crime of aggression: the supreme international crime which carries with it the evil of every other international crime, as noted by the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg in 1946.”

Bombing Syria could also lead to a dangerous confrontation with Russia. Trump tweeted early Wednesday morning:

“Russia vows to shoot down any and all missiles fired at Syria. Get ready Russia, because they will be coming, nice and new and ‘smart!’ You shouldn’t be partners with a Gas Killing Animal who kills his people and enjoys it!”

Yevgeny Serebrennikov, first deputy chairman of Russia’s upper house’s Defense Committee, said Sunday that Russia would immediately respond to US airstrikes in Syria.

“A military intervention under far-fetched and fabricated pretexts in Syria, where there are Russian soldiers at the request of the legitimate Syrian government, is absolutely unacceptable and could have the most dire consequences,” the Russian Foreign Ministry said in a statement.

Both Syrian and Russian authorities denied that Assad was responsible for the chemical attack.

Assad has already taken back from the rebels over 90 percent of Eastern Ghouta, which includes Douma, so it seems unlikely he would attack Douma. Moreover, Trump announced last week he intended to withdraw US troops from Syria. It is thus counterintuitive to conclude Assad would have launched a gas attack in Douma.

On April 6, 2017, Trump bombed Syria after declaring that Assad had used sarin gas at Khan Sheikhoun two days earlier. Assad had denied ordering the attack. But the Trump administration ignored all dissenting voices.

Assad’s responsibility for the 2017 attack has never been definitively confirmed. Indeed, on February 8, Defense Secretary James Mattis admitted the United States had “no evidence” that the Assad government used Sarin against the Syrian people.

Trump said the United States is “getting clarity” and “some pretty good answers” about who was responsible for the Douma attack. But no independent investigation has yet been done.

Nonetheless, Trump has signaled that he’s about to authorize the firing of missiles at Syria. That would be illegal and potentially catastrophic.

Bombing Syria Would Violate the War Powers Resolution

The War Powers Resolution, passed by Congress in the wake of the Vietnam War, permits the president to introduce US troops into hostilities or imminent hostilities only when Congress has declared war, when Congress has passed “specific statutory authorization” for the use of military force, or when there is “a national emergency created by attack upon the United States, its territories or possessions, or its armed forces.”

None of these three prongs is present to justify the use of military force in Syria. Congress has neither declared war nor passed legislation authorizing a US attack on Syria, and Syria has clearly not attacked the United States or US armed forces. As a result, a military attack on Syria would run afoul of the War Powers Resolution.

The Trump administration justified its 2017 bombing of Syria by citing the president’s commander-in-chief authority under Article II of the Constitution “to defend important US national interests.” But Article II gives the president power to command the US military only after Congress has authorized war pursuant to its Article I authority.

On May 22, 2017, Protect Democracy, a group of former Obama administration lawyers, filed a Freedom of Information lawsuit to make public the Trump administration’s memo detailing its legal justification for the April 2017 US military strike on Syria. Although the administration says that memo is classified, Protect Democracy has discovered that the classified portion can be easily redacted. However, the administration refuses to make the memo public. On Monday, Protect Democracy filed an emergency motion for release of the memo in light of the “potentially imminent military action” in Syria.

Bombing Syria Would Violate the UN Charter

Even if an attack by Trump on Syria did not violate the War Powers Resolution, it would still violate the United Nations Charter. The United States has ratified the Charter, making it part of US law under the Supremacy Clause of the Constitution, which states that treaties shall be the supreme law of the land.

The Charter says that countries “shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state.”

A country can mount a military attack against another country in self-defense after an armed attack or if the Security Council has authorized it. Neither has occurred in this case.

Syria has not attacked the United States or any other country.

“The use of chemical weapons within Syria is not an armed attack on the United States,” according to international law expert Notre Dame law professor Mary Ellen O’Connell.

Nor has the Council granted the United States license to use military force against Syria. Staffan de Mistura, the UN Special Envoy for Syria, called for compliance with resolution 2401, passed on February 24, 2018, in which the Council demanded an immediate cessation of hostilities to enable humanitarian assistance and medical evacuation. Resolution 2401 ends by stating that the Security Council “Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.” That means the Council — and only the Council — has legal authority to order any measures, forceful or otherwise.

Any military attack that Trump would launch against Syria would therefore violate the Charter. In fact, under Article 51, Assad would have a valid self-defense claim in the event the United States initiated an armed attack on Syria. Russia could also mount airstrikes in collective defense of Syria.

In a tweet, Trump decried the “humanitarian disaster” created by the gas attack in Syria. But “humanitarian intervention” is not an established norm of international law. The use of military force is lawful only in self-defense or with Security Council approval. Neither is present in this case.

Bombing Syria Could Lead to a Dangerous Confrontation With Russia

CNN Turk reported that a US Navy destroyer — the USS Donald Cook — armed with 60 Tomahawk cruise missiles is now located off the coast of Syria. A Navy source confirmed that report to the Washington Examiner, saying the destroyer “got underway in the eastern Mediterranean within range of Syria Monday.”

Russian leaders warned that any use of military force by the United States would have “grave repercussions.”

Last month, Russian government officials threatened to respond with military force if Trump were to attack Syria and thereby endanger the lives of Russian soldiers stationed there. “In the event of a threat to our military servicemen’s lives, Russia’s Armed Forces will take retaliatory measures to target both the missiles and their delivery vehicles,” Russian Army Gen. Valery Gerasimov warned.

What Should Be Done?

The Security Council met on Tuesday but could not agree on a resolution. Russia vetoed a US-prepared draft that would create a mechanism to assign responsibility for chemical attacks. The United States vetoed a Russian-drafted resolution that would have required investigators to report their findings to the Council, which would in turn assign responsibility.

But Nikki Haley, US ambassador to the UN, declared that the United States would act against Assad, with or without the United Nations.

There is already an established body that has launched an investigation into the allegations of chemical weapons use in Douma. The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), with support from Russia and Syria, is gathering and analyzing data from all available sources. OPCW’s Director-General, Ambassador Ahmet Üzümcü, is preparing to deploy a fact-finding mission team to Douma to investigate.

Immediately after Trump announced that the US bombing of Syria was imminent, Maria Zakharova, Russian Foreign Ministry spokesperson, wrote on Facebook,

“Smart missiles should fly toward terrorists, not the legal government that has been fighting international terrorism for several years on its territory.”

Zakharova added,

“By the way, were the OPCW inspectors warned that smart missiles will destroy all evidence of chemical weapons use on the ground? Or the whole idea is to quickly cover up the traces of provocation through the smart missiles, so the international inspectors have nothing to look for as evidence?”

There are several alternatives to bombing or attacking Syria. The Friends Committee on National Legislation has proposed a four-point plan, which includes full US support for the OPCW investigation; a congressional vote against any further US military action in Syria; a meeting between the United States, Russia, Iran, Turkey and the Gulf States to revive international negotiations toward a diplomatic solution; and the United States promptly increasing its settlement of Syrian refugees.

Dueling US and Russian airstrikes in Syria would exacerbate regional conflict and could lead inexorably to a global war.

*

Copyright, Truthout. Reprinted with permission.

Marjorie Cohn is professor emerita at Thomas Jefferson School of Law, former president of the National Lawyers Guild, deputy secretary general of the International Association of Democratic Lawyers and an advisory board member of Veterans for Peace. The second, updated edition of her book, Drones and Targeted Killing: Legal, Moral, and Geopolitical Issues, was published in November. Visit her website: MarjorieCohn.com. Follow her on Twitter: @MarjorieCohn.

VISIT MY NEW WEB SITE: 

stephenlendman.org 

(Home – Stephen Lendman). 

Contact at [email protected].

Was US-led terror-bombing of Syrian sites overnight Friday, based on a Big Lie, prelude to greater aggression coming – Israel involved along with Washington, Britain, France, and perhaps other rogue nations?

Mikhail Gorbachev fears this possibility, saying US-led bombing of Syrian targets “would lead to nothing good,” adding:

“I think that nobody needs the attack in the form it is spoken about and with such results. It very much looks like training before you start shooting in earnest.”

Russia’s passivity in the face of escalated US-led aggression risks the worst ahead, including all-out war in Syria, likely spreading regionally and beyond, maybe going global, possible nuclear war.

Iran is a prime target. Longtime US/Israeli strategy aims to replace its sovereign independence with pro-Western puppet governance – the key regional goal of both countries.

On Saturday, an incident occurred at an alleged Iranian weapons depot in Mount Azzan near Aleppo.

One or more explosions were reported by Western, Israeli and other regional media.

Syrian media said the site was bombed by an Israeli warplane. Hezbollah-connected media denied it, saying an explosion occurred inside the depot or unrelated to an airstrike.

Some sources reported around 20 dead or wounded – no confirmation from official sources about the incident, occurring 24 hours after US-led aggression, targeting multiple Syrian sites.

Nor have separate reports of aerial attacks on Syrian government targets in Deir Ezzor been confirmed. Government forces are battling US-supported terrorists in the area.

On Saturday, Mike Pence warned of a greater “price to pay” ahead, saying Trump “made clear (he’s) prepared to sustain this effort…if chemicals weapons are used again against men, women and children.”

No evidence proves Syrian forces ever used them. Trained by Pentagon contractors in their use, US-supported terrorists resort to this terror tactic often.

Another CW false flag like Douma is likely coming – probably followed by greater US-led aggression than occurred overnight Friday.

Russian passivity risks making a bad situation far worse. Diplomacy as a way to contest US-led aggression is a failed strategy – shooting blanks against a ruthless adversary, willing to do whatever it takes to achieve its objectives no matter how many times before it failed.

Endless US wars in multiple theaters prove this reality.

Over seven years of war in Syria shows if Moscow doesn’t challenge Washington forcefully, it’ll likely continue endlessly, escalating toward something far more serious than already.

A draft US/UK/French Security Council resolution reportedly demands Assad engage in peace talks “constructively and without preconditions” – diabolical code language suggesting escalated aggression coming even if the resolution isn’t adopted.

Washington doesn’t negotiate. It demands, aiming for regime change since launching aggression in March 2011.

Overnight US-led attacks on Syrian targets achieving nothing strategically may have been target practice for what’s to come. Something far more serious seems likely.

Will Russia finally challenge Washington forcefully enough to show it no longer will tolerate its hostile actions?

Or will it remain a passive bystander, relying on ineffective diplomacy, letting a bad situation likely get much worse?

The stakes in Syria are huge. Failing to contest Washington’s imperial agenda in the country strongly beyond rhetoric practically assures escalated war to come.

*

Stephen Lendman is a Research Associate of the CRG, Correspondent of Global Research based in Chicago.

VISIT MY NEW WEB SITE: stephenlendman.org (Home – Stephen Lendman). Contact at [email protected].

My newest book as editor and contributor is titled “Flashpoint in Ukraine: How the US Drive for Hegemony Risks WW III.”

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Below is the video recording of Virginia State Senator Richard H. Black (R-Loudoun) speech on the floor of the Virginia Senate (April 11) 

“It is not entirely clear that there was an attack,” … 

There was a doctor, from the hospital — from the main hospital in Douma — who has said, ‘We haven’t received any casualties. Nobody has been sent in.”  

“The US has decided that regardless of whether  there was an actual chemical weapons attack, … we are going to attack Syria and … escalate our war in Syria” 

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Mark Taliano, Research Associate of the Centre for Research on Globalization (CRG) contacted Global Research from Damascus at the outset of the bombings. Here is his incisive report: 

Last night, at about 4:00 a.m, France, the U.S, and the U.K bombed Syria.

Reportedly, 103 missiles were launched, of which Syrian forces destroyed 71. Bombs landed in about four different locations, including Homs, Mesyaf, and Damascus.

Russian, Iranian and Hezbollah assets were not targeted.

Mark Taliano (right)

The aforementioned imperialists and their bombs murdered four Syrian civilians.

Significantly, the attacks occurred BEFORE the OPCW examined the alleged “chemical weapons” crime scene.

Additionally, just after the attack, “ISIS” launched an attack from the Yarmouk camp, located 8 kilometers from the center of Damascus.

Apparently the missiles struck a “teaching laboratory”. Presumably this will play a role in transitioning from an original “Assad gassing his own people” narrative – devoid of evidence and ridiculous — to a new narrative, with a view to justifying that which can not be justified.

The US led attacks were not authorized by the UN Security Council, and they certainly were not carried out in self-defense.

If Supreme International War Crimes are a “dirty game” then President Trump is losing.

Syrians know that they are fighting terrorists supported by the West and their allies. They know that they are winning, and they appreciate and support their government more, not less, as they confront Western barbarity.

In the following video, Syrian Abdul Razzak Homsi describes the strength that is the mosaic of Syrian society, a society whose ancient foundations are a cradle of civilization and religion – including the West’s civilizations and religions. This interview was recorded on the morning of April 14th in Damascus

St. Ananias house/ St. Anan baptizing St. Paul


Order Mark Taliano’s Book “Voices from Syria directly from Global Research.  

Taliano talks and listens to the people of Syria. He reveals the courage and resilience of a Nation and its people in their day to day lives, after more than six years of US-NATO sponsored terrorism and three years of US “peacemaking” airstrikes.

Mark Taliano combines years of research with on-the-ground observations to present an informed and well-documented analysis that refutes  the mainstream media narratives on Syria. 

Voices from Syria 

ISBN: 978-0-9879389-1-6

Author: Mark Taliano

Year: 2017

Pages: 128 (Expanded edition: 1 new chapter)

List Price: $17.95

Special Price: $9.95 

Click to order

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First published on GR in April 2017, this article by GR’s UN correspondent Carla Stea  is relevant to recent developments in Syria regarding the alleged chemical weapons attack.

*

There is no basis to the Trump Administration’s accusations that the government of Bashar al Assad was involved in deliberately triggering a chemical weapons attack with a view to killing Syrian civilians.

This December 2013 article by Global Research’s Correspondent Carla Stea at UN Headquarters confirms that the “Opposition” rebels were in possession of chemical weapons. According to the UN mission report, Syrian soldiers as well as civilians were in 2013 the target of chemical weapons attacks led by opposition rebels. 

The US sponsored “rebels” had been trained in the use of chemical weapons by specialists on contract ot the Pentagon. 

Michel Chossudovsky, Global Research, April 8, 2017

On December 13, [2013] UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon signed identical letters to the UN General Assembly and Security Council, stating: 

“I have the honour to convey herewith the final report of the United Nations Mission to investigate allegations of the use of chemical weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic”

The letter of transmittal was signed by Professor Ake Sellstrom, Head of Mission, and Dr. Maurizio Barbeschi, signing for the WHO component.

On page 21 of this 85 page report is stated:

“Khan al Asal, 19 March 2013:  111.  The United Nations Mission collected credible information that corroborates the allegations that chemical weapons were used in Khan al Asal on 19 March 2013 against soldiers and civilians.”

Page 22:

“Jobar, 24 August 2013:  113.  The United Nations Mission collected evidence consistent with the probable use of chemical weapons in Jobar on 24 August on a relatively small scale against soldiers…”

Page 114, this assessment is based on the following:

(a)    Interviews with survivors and clinicians and medical records confirm symptoms of organophosphorous intoxication:

(b)    Blood samples recovered by the Syrian Government on 24 August 2013 and authenticated by the United Nations Mission using DNA techniques tested positive for signatures of Sarin;

(c)    One of the four blood samples collected from the same patients by the United Nations Mission on 28 September 2013 tested positive for Sarin.”

Page 23:

“Ashrafiah Sahnaya, 25 August 2013 117.  The United Nations Mission collected evidence that suggests that chemical weapons were used in Ashrafiah Sahnaya on 25 August 2013 on a small scale against soldiers.  118.

This assessment is based on the following:

(a)    Interviews with survivors and clinicians and medical records confirm symptoms of organophosphorous intoxication;

(b)    Blood samples recovered by the Syrian government on 24 August 2013, authenticated by the United Nations Mission using DNA techniques, tested positive for signatures of Sarin.”

The attacks of March 19, August 24 and August 25, 2013 upon Syrian government soldiers indicate that the rebels were in possession of sarin both before and immediately after the chemical weapon attack at Ghouta of August 21, 2013.  It would have been virtually impossible for the rebels to acquire chemical weapons so quickly in late August had they not already previously been in possession of chemical weapons.

According to Seymour Hersh, December 19 ( published in The London Review of Books),

“already by late May, the senior (US) intelligence consultant told me, the CIA had briefed the Obama administration on al-Nusra and its work with sarin, and had sent alarming reports that another Sunni fundamentalist group active in Syria, al-Qaida in Iraq (AQI), also understood the science of producing sarin.  At the time, al-Nusra was operating in areas close to Damascus, including Eastern Ghouta.  An intelligence document issued in mid-summer dealt extensively with Ziyaad Tarriq Ahmed, a chemical weapons expert formerly of the Iraqi military, who was said to have moved into Syria and to be operating in Eastern Ghouta.  The consultant told me that Tariq had been identified ‘as an al-Nusra guy with a track record of making mustard gas in Iraq and someone who  is implicated in making and using sarin.’  He is regarded as a high-profile target by the American
military.”

This would support the Russian Ambassador’s claim, following the Security Council consultations of December 17, 2013 that:  “Why would the Syrian government use chemical weapons on August 21?  To cross the red line drawn by Washington and invite a missile strike upon itself?  Why would the opposition use chemical weapons?  Exactly because of the red line.  To provoke foreign military intervention in the Syrian conflict…The Russian team’s analysis concluded that ‘home-made’ sarin was used near Aleppo on March 19.  It stated that the Sarin was likely delivered by a crudely made missile.  The team also named the particular opposition group most likely behind the attack.  At the time, the Syrian government immediately requested an international investigation of the March 19 incident, but then the United Kingdom and France all of a sudden recalled a Homs case, that had not bothered them for 3 preceding months, while the US started insisting on the need to investigate ‘all incidents.’  Why did those who accused the Syrian government of this act do their utmost to derail or at least delay such investigation?”  The dragging UN probe was interfered with by the tragic events in Ghouta on August 21.  “As our experts concluded, sarin used on August 21 was of approximately the same type as the one used on March 19, though of a slightly better quality.  It means that over a few months, opposition chemists somewhat improved the quality of their product.”

According to Seymour Hersh,

“Theodore Postol, a professor of technology and national security at MIT, reviewed the UN photos with a group of his colleagues and concluded that the large calibre rocket was an improvised munition that was very likely manufactured locally.  He told me that it was ‘something you could produce in a modestly-capable machine shop.’  The rocket in the photos, he added, fails to match the specifications of a similar but smaller rocket known to be in the Syrian arsenal.”

MIT specialist, Professor Theodore Postol’s analysis of the weapons used in the chemical attack on August 21, and the Russian team’s analysis appear to point toward the opposition as the perpetrator of the August 21 attack in Ghouta.  The US intelligence document, according to Hersh’s article,

“issued in mid-summer dealt extensively with Ziyaad Tariq Ahmed, a chemical weapons expert formerly of the Iraqi military, who was said to have moved into Syria and to be operating in Eastern Ghouta.”

The chemical weapon attack in Ghouta on August 21 would, therefore, credibly point to Ziyaad Tariq Ahmed as among the perpetrators of that attack, particularly as the Assad government had no motive to use chemical weapons, especially with the UN inspectors already on the ground in Syria, and as the Syrian government was in a strong position militarily in its struggle with the opposition.

The opposition, on the contrary, had both the capacity to launch a chemical attack on innocent civilians, (as evidenced by several documented prior chemical attacks on Syrian soldiers), and the motive:  to distract and disrupt investigations of previous chemical attacks that had victimized Syrian soldiers as well as civilians, and to garner international sympathy, which the sympathetic mainstream media’s distorted reporting guaranteed.

Hersh’s final paragraph should be taken seriously:

“The UN resolution, which was adopted on 27 September by the Security Council dealt indirectly with the notion that rebel forces such as an-Nusra would also be obliged to disarm….No group was cited by name.  While the Syrian regime continues the process of eliminating its chemical arsenal, the irony is that, after Assad’s stockpile of precursor agents is destroyed, al-Nusra and its Islamist allies could end up as the only faction inside Syria with access to the ingredients that can create sarin, a strategic weapon that would be unlike any other in the war zone.”

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Trump’s Exit Door Is Open on Syrian Attack

April 14th, 2018 by M. K. Bhadrakumar

This article was published on April 13, prior to the airstrikes directed against Syria

The US President Donald Trump’s fateful decision on a military strike against Syria is imminent and it will impact not only Syria’s future and Middle Eastern politics but also the US’ capacity to impose its global hegemony in the emergent world order.

As expected, the day on April 11 began with Trump’s tweet. He said:

Trump's tweet_1

Trump's tweet_2

Trump claims he’s about to order the attack. But it is also a Trumpean message. The second part is addressed to the Kremlin and speaks about potential US-Russia cooperation to mutual benefit. Trump offers the bait of negotiations on curbing arms race, which is a priority issue for Russia.

Trump apparently thinks he’s ‘negotiating’ a ‘win-win’ solution by dangling a carrot and expecting Moscow to stand aside and letting the US attack on Syria go ahead. It’s tragi-comic, to say the least, that US diplomacy has come to such a pass – POTUS negotiating Syria as if it’s a property deal in Manhattan.

A flood of Russian statements, on the other hand, underscore that Moscow will defend Syria no matter what it takes. Which means not only that the US missiles will be shot down but also that American launch pads will be targeted. This latter message has been conveyed through the Hezbollah TV channel, which is of course a devastating snub to Israel.

Following the Israeli attack on the T4 air base in Syria on Monday, Putin deputed his special envoy on Syria Alexander Lavrentiev to go to Tehran on an ‘unscheduled and unexpected’ visit to meet Iran’s powerful national security czar and point person on Syria, Rear Admiral Ali Shamkhani, who is the executive head of the national security council and reports directly to Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. Evidently, Russian-Iranian coordination is at a very high level.

As for Iran, it is playing its cards close to the chest, which is as it should be. Tehran understands perfectly well that the false flag operation alleging chemical attack may be used as alibi by the US to create new facts on the ground in Syria aimed at eroding the commanding position that Russia and Iran enjoy.

Putin availed of a Kremlin ceremony for the new foreign envoys’ presentation of credentials today to make an oblique reference to Trump’s war cry. Putin said:

The state of world affairs invokes nothing but concerns, the situation in the world is becoming more chaotic. Nevertheless, we still hope that common sense will eventually prevail and international relations will enter a constructive course, the entire world system will become more stable and predictable.

The remark can be construed as an appeal to Trump’s ‘common sense’. But then, Putin also stressed that Moscow will continue to advocate strengthening of “global and regional” security, and will fully adhere to its “international responsibilities and develop cooperation with our partners on a constructive and respectful basis.”

Earlier on April 11, at a media briefing, the Kremlin presidential spokesman Dmitry Peskov was explicit. He said,

“We are not participating in ‘Twitter-diplomacy’. We are supporting serious approaches. We still firmly believe that it is important to abstain from taking steps, which may be detrimental to the already fragile situation (in Syria).”

The aircraft carrier USS Harry Truman leads a formation of ships to Mediterranian Sea

The aircraft carrier USS Harry Truman leads a formation of ships to Mediterranean Sea

In reality, Trump finds himself in an unenviable situation. Russia has made it abundantly clear that it will counter any US attack on Syria and, God forbid, if there is any loss of Russian lives in the American attack, all hell will break loose. On the other hand, if Trump backtracks, it will dent his credibility. This is not like calling Kim Jong Un a “Little Rocket Man” and getting away with it.

Is there an exit door available for Trump? Yes, there is. The US Defence Secretary James Mattis said today that the work to assess the intelligence on the alleged use of chemical weapons in Syria’s Douma is still in progress. To quote him, “We’re still assessing the intelligence – ourselves and our allies. We’re still working on this.” Mattis said this when asked pointedly whether there is sufficient evidence to accuse the Syrian government of using chemical agents in Douma.

To my mind, the chances of the western intelligence giving a ‘Nil’ report are fairly good. (The First Deputy Chief of the Russian General Staff’s Main Operations Department Lieutenant General Viktor Poznikhir told reporters in Moscow today that the notorious White Helmets, which is an ‘NGO’ outfit of intelligence agencies collaborating with terrorist groups in Syria, had staged and filmed a chemical weapons attack on civilians in the town of Douma.)

Indeed, if the Russian general’s assessment of a false flag operation is upheld, Trump might heave a sigh of relief. After all, if there was no chemical attack, why should there be retribution?

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M. K. Bhadrakumar is a Career diplomat in the Indian Foreign Service for over 29 years, who served as India’s Ambassador to Uzbekistan (1995-1998) and Turkey (1998-2001).

Not much time has elapsed since the tragedy in Syria’s Douma, which was the last stronghold of Jaish al-Islam militants.

Several videos with the testimony of participants of the so-called chemical attack started to appear on the Internet.

See below

..

Two medics from the hospital of Douma told the truth about the staged video, widely spread by the discredited White Helmets. The participants also say the event in Douma is a provocation.

According to the medics, a group of unknown people broke into the hospital, started screaming about the chemical attack, panicked, and then sprayed people with a fire hose. At the same time, eyewitnesses confirmed that the “victims” on the videos had no signs of chemical poisoning.

It’s worth noting that the UN and OPCW representatives share the same opinion about the events in Douma, since there is no clear evidence of the use of chemical weapons. In this regard, Inside Syria Media Center decided to conduct its own investigation in order to find out what exactly happened in Douma. Our experts analyzed reports, photos, and videos that appeared on the Internet.

First of all, it’s impossible to determine the location of these shootings. They could also have been made in Idlib province, or in any other opposition-controlled areas where the White Helmets were repeatedly caught staging videos.

Moreover, the technical video and photos analysis indicates that the performance was prepared well in advance since in most files the metadata is either missing or changed intentionally.

Deleted metadata

It’s also worth noting that the representatives of “civil defense” quickly found themselves next to the “chemical attack”, having had forgotten to put the individual protective gear on. In fact, the concentration of chlorine would cause them to have a strong cough, which was not recorded in any video.

Secondly, it seems that the victims in the video have no chlorine poisoning symptoms. Once chlorine contacted human skin it causes blisters and burns. But we don’t see any of these symptoms on victims’ bodies.

The allegedly poisoned child in Douma   

A man after chlorine gas contact

All the symptoms all over human body occur at the same time after a chemical attack. In case of a serious chlorine poisoning, there is an uncontrolled muscular contraction of the vocal folds which causes blocking of breathing in, cyanosis (bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin), swelling veins on face and neck, faint, convulsions, urinary and defecation incontinence.

With easier poisoning, there may be oral mucosa and eyes hyperaemia , throat irritation, sneezing, lacrimation, dry eye syndrome, miosis and a strong cough with foamy pink sputum. Meanwhile, in the presented videos we may see some kind of white foam or saliva and no other signs of chlorine poisoning, mentioned above.

It is noteworthy that injured children were mainly shown in the video. Obviously, it is done to awaken anger and compassion feelings.

Thirdly, the video analysis lets us say that “the show’s organizers” simply don’t know the chlorine poisoning symptoms, as well as how to carry out first aid to the affected. For example, a man (Screenshot 1) is quietly standing and talking to other people in a closed room. After a couple of seconds, he suddenly starts to portray himself as a victim, pouring water on his head. There is a man without any protection next to him. This person is trying to “disinfect” (Screenshot 2) himself and remove “chlorine-contaminated” water from the floor.

Screenshot 1

Screenshot 2

Meanwhile, for a person who has already been affected by chlorine, it is extremely necessary to provide access to fresh air (take him outside), remove clothes, flush his eyes and nasal cavity, wash mouth with 2% solution of baking soda, give him an alkaline drink (mineral water, milk), carry out inhalation with drinking soda and some mineral water, and finally put olive oil in the eyes.

Fourthly, another video shows the place of the alleged bomb site, dropped by the Syrian Air Force. The presented video raises even more questions because everything looks unnatural. How was the air bomb neatly laid on a wooden bed without damaging it? And why wasn’t the bomb allegedly dropped from an airplane even deformed after hitting the building? It seems that the bomb (if it really was the bomb and not an oxygen tank) was put there just before the shooting. We have repeatedly witnessed how such yellow cylinders “copy” ammunition with a poisonous substance.

Screenshot of the video of the alleged fall of the “chemical explosive item”

We are dealing with another pre-planned operation of the militants, the White Helmets, and their patrons. That is also confirmed by the testimony of doctors from Douma. At the same time, another fake was held on the anniversary of Khan Shaykhun chemical attack, when Assad was accused of using chemical weapons. But we shouldn’t forget that the chemical weapons in Syria were completely destroyed in 2014 under the international community control.

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All images in this article are from ISMC.

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stephenlendman.org 

(Home – Stephen Lendman). 

Contact at [email protected].

The Skripal Incident Big Lie unravelled earlier. It’s unclear what harmed Sergey and Yulia, clearly not a military-grade nerve agent.

If exposed, they’d be dead. They’re alive, doing well, Yulia discharged from Salisbury hospital, Sergey to follow in the coming days or weeks.

The alleged poisoning was a US/UK concocted scheme to vilify Russia more than already. When legitimate reasons don’t exist, phony ones are invented.

The Skripals are geopolitical pawns – their rights, health and welfare harmed to serve US/UK interests.

The OPCW went along with the scheme, analyzing UK-supplied toxic material, nothing suggesting it harmed the Skripals.

It’s the same substance Britain’s Porton Down lab called novichok, saying it was unable to determine its origin – as likely to have been produced in the West as anywhere else, nothing connecting it to Russia.

An OPCW statement said the following:

“The results of the analysis by the OPCW-designated laboratories of environmental and biomedical samples collected by the OPCW team confirms the findings of the United Kingdom relating to the identity of the toxic chemical that was used in Salisbury and severely injured three people” – identifying the agent as novichock without indicating its origin.

The OPCW let itself be used, going along with Britain’s findings – instead of explaining it couldn’t connect what it analyzed to what may have harmed the Skripals, making its analysis irrelevant.

The Russian Federation never produced anything called novichok. Despite nothing new from the OPCW’s report, UK Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson jumped it, again turning truth on its head, saying:

“There can be no doubt what was used, and there remains no alternative explanation about who was responsible – only Russia has the means, motive and record.”

“We will now work tirelessly with our partners to help stamp out the grotesque use of weapons of this kind, and we have called a session of the OPCW executive council next Wednesday to discuss next steps. The Kremlin must give answers.”

Russia’s Permanent Mission to the OPCW received its report, a statement issued saying

“it will take some time to study it” before issuing an official response.

The organization’s findings didn’t surprise. Britain gave its scientists a novichok sample to be analyzed and identified by name – proving nothing, no connection to the Skripals or Russia.

Nor do OPCW findings on the substance have validity without Russian access to information on the incident.

In legitimate judicial proceedings, defendants are entitled to all relevant documents, witness depositions, questions and answers from interrogations, crime scene and other forensic evidence including toxicology results, police reports, “raw evidence,” arrest and search warrants, grand jury testimony, and other relevant data – to assure judicial fairness.

Russia was shut out of the so-called discovery process straightaway after the Skripal incident occurred.

Accusations without evidence are groundless. Nothing suggests Russian involvement in what harmed the Skripals. No evidence proves it.

Britain breached its legal obligations under the Chemical Weapons Convention, refusing to provide Moscow with samples of the alleged toxin it claims responsible for harming the Skripals, nor any other relevant information on the incident.

Yulia was well enough to be released from Salisbury hospital. According to UK media, she was taken to a secure location, reportedly another medical facility on a military base.

A statement attributed to her released by metropolitan police reads like coverup, Britain wanting full control over her whereabouts and remarks she’s reportedly making.

It said she “find(s) (herself) in a totally different life than the ordinary one I left just over a month ago, and I am seeking to come to terms with my prospects, whilst also recovering from this attack on me.”

Earlier she told her cousin Viktoria, Sergey is “all right.” The latest comment attributed to her said he remains “seriously ill,” adding:

At “the moment I do not wish to avail myself of (Russian embassy) services. (N)o one speaks for me or my father, but ourselves.”

Viktoria should “not visit me or try to contact me. (H)er opinions and assertions are not mine and they are not my father’s.”

Does this sound like a national of one country reportedly recovering from illness abroad, wanting no contact with family back home or her nation’s embassy services?

Russia’s embassy in London believes she’s been detained against her will, cut off from the outside world, Britain denying the embassy information about “her true health, status, wishes and location,” adding:

“It is apparent that she is being isolated. Eyewitness evidence is being concealed, and obstacles are being erected in the path of an objective and independent investigation.”

The Skripal incident was a US/UK false flag to demonize Russia. Father and daughter are likely detained against their will, not protected.

Moscow is denied contact with its own citizens. Yet it continues to believe tattered relations with Washington and Britain can be restored diplomatically.

No evidence whatever suggests it, Russia’s relations with these countries worsening, not improving.

*

Stephen Lendman is a Research Associate of the CRG, Correspondent of Global Research based in Chicago.

VISIT MY NEW WEB SITE: stephenlendman.org (Home – Stephen Lendman). Contact at [email protected].

My newest book as editor and contributor is titled “Flashpoint in Ukraine: How the US Drive for Hegemony Risks WW III.”

Video: Senator Exposes Syrian WMD False Flag

April 14th, 2018 by Alexandra Bruce

Listening to Virginia Senator Richard Black talk realpolitik with zero BS gives me hope for the world! I didn’t know there was a serving Senator who speaks freely, like this! The 31-year military veteran who has spent a lot of time in Syria talks about the rogue CIA, Hillary’s murder of Libyan Ambassador Stevens, Barack Obama’s arming of ISIS and so much more with the weary yet sober demeanor of a wizened insider.

Some among my readers still believe parts of the Mainstream Media (CIA) false narrative and wrote nasty things in response to my newsletter yesterday with the video by Jake Morphonios. This interview with Senator Dick Black from Virginia goes way further, substantiating Morphonios’ allegations and exposing so much more skullduggery in SyriaLibya and beyond.

After the previous false flag bombing in Syria early this past February, Senator Richard Black joined The Truth Viral’s Bobby Powell for a conversation.

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Featured image is from Syrian Free Press.

A report by the Lora Vozella of the Washington Post acknowledges that Senator Richard H. Black‘s statement on the floor of Virginia’s State Senate

A state legislator who once flew to Damascus for a two-hour sit-down with Bashar al-Assad took to the floor of the Virginia Senate this week to say the Syrian president might have been framed with a suspected chemical attack — if the attack happened at all.

“It is not entirely clear that there was an attack,” Sen. Richard H. Black (R-Loudoun) said in a 20-minute speech on the floor of Virginia Senate on Wednesday. “There was a doctor, from the hospital — from the main hospital in Douma — who has said, ‘We haven’t received any casualties. Nobody has been sent in.’ ”

The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, a global watchdog, has sent inspectors to Syria to try to confirm whether it was a chemical attack that killed dozens in Damascus on Saturday.

But in Richmond, the sequence of events was clear: Black spoke; Democrats erupted.

Read the complete WP  article here.

Cruising for a Bruising with Russia

April 14th, 2018 by Michael Averko

Aired in the US, the April 10 BBC World News telecasts, repeatedly opened with the claim that Russia vetoed a proposed UN resolution to inspect the area of an alleged chemical attack in Syria. Later on, in the same telecasts, there is a contradictory and downplayed reference to a Russian proposed UN resolution (on the issue at hand) that was vetoed. The aforementioned contradiction is in line with Anglo-American mass media telecasts, stating an alleged chemical attack by the Syrian government, followed later on by the hosts and guests in (overall majority terms) referring to the claim as a fact, with little if any opposition.

In conjunction with being fair and balanced on this subject, good journalism would detail the differences between the aforementioned UN resolutions, inclusive of competent analytical input from individuals with truly diverse views. That’s the kind of setting which is typically not evident in the geopolitically correct TV news entertainment industry, that heavily slants in favor of anti-Russian leaning views. A rare exception is Fox News’ Tucker Carlson.

Far from being monolithic, the UN is subject to biases. Going back to the Cold War period, it was commonplace to hear pro-Israeli supporters in the US complain of biased UN resolutions and UN departments which slanted against the Jewish state. This sentiment lingers on. In the post-Soviet new world order, one finds some predominating biases against Russia at the UN. A point that relates to Russia’s stance on investigating the recently alleged chemical attack in Syria. It has been said that history has a way of repeating itself.

Scott Ritter and some others have noted that Saddam Hussein’s apprehension with the UN inspection of WMDs in Iraq had a reasonable basis. Some of those involved with that investigative process appeared to be influenced by the desire to seek a regime change agenda against the then Iraqi leader. Within Anglo-American foreign policy elite circles, this preference was noticeably prevalent back then – inclusive of seeking inspectors with intel ties, who would acquire non-WMD information, that could be strategically used to militarily overthrow the Iraqi government.

Concerning the most recently alleged chemical attack by the Syrian government, has there been any objectively detailed follow-up on the filmed individuals said to be witnesses and/or victims? In this day and age, movies make very accurate depictions of actual atrocities. As of this writing, the reported World Health Organization observation of people exhibiting chemical attack symptoms (from the area at issue), is broad and doesn’t address the possibility of such traits resulting from something other than a Syrian government chemical attack. The rebels have possessed the capability for initiating a chemical attack, and stage scenes to conform with their agenda.

Once again noting (from prior correspondences of mine) the stunt from years ago, with the Kuwaiti diplomat, conjuring up the fake claim (using staged video footage) that Iraqi forces were taking babies off incubators in Kuwait. That incident brings to mind others, like the fake evidence, false claim of Iraq having WMDs, a Brit court finding, saying the Russian government “probably” poisoned Alexander Litvinenko (never minding his Italian friend, who was arrested for arms smuggling and who was also infected with polonium, along with Litvinenko’s ties to anti-Kremlin propagandist Alexander Goldfarb) and the latest suspect claim of Russian government involvement in the poisoning of the Skripals – along with two prior suspect claims that the Syrian government used chemical weapons.

The April 10 UN Security Council meeting on the subject of chemical weapons in Syria, underscores the differences between Russia and the leading Western powers. On the previous day, the very same body had a lively discussion that (among other things) brought into play the history of Russia, the US and UK.

In reply to Nikki Haley‘s churlish remarks, her Russian UN counterpart Vasily Nebenzya, said that Russia didn’t seek becoming America’s friend. Upon further review, I believe he specifically meant the likes of Haley, as opposed to Americans at large. Nebenzya stated that a true friendship doesn’t involve doing whatever the greater power wants – something which Haley has been on clear record for advocating.

Regarding this very issue, the UK’s UN Ambassador, Karen Pierce noted a close, friendly US-UK relationship. Historically speaking, that hasn’t always been the case. Relative to the US, compare the Russian and UK positions during the American Revolution, American War of 1812 and American Civil War. In addition, note the US assistance to Russia during the Crimean War, when the latter fought against Britain, France and the Ottoman Empire.

In other instances, Britain, the US and Russia found common cause during two world wars. Russia and Britain were earlier allied against Napoleon. Foreign affairs isn’t (at least in many instances) pragmatically gauged in terms of a “friend”, as clearly favored by the Brit statesman Viscount Palmerston, who said that Britain has interests as opposed to allies – a more mature approach to Haley’s simplicity.

The situation with the Skripals and the alleged use of Syrian government chemical weapons, have suspect claims that might very well flop in finding any clear proof to legitimately substantiate the blame Russia mantra. Meantime, the anti-Russian double standards are quite evident. On the one hand, some are okay with the British government greatly managing the follow-up on the Skripals, with a noticeably limited neutral overview (to date as of this writing). When it comes to the alleged chemical attack in Syria, some already suggest a guilty Syrian government, with Russian culpability – while readily believing the suspect partisanship of the White Helmets.

The likes of Fox News’ Brian Kilmeade, simplistically say that Russia’s strength in Syria is too limited to scare off a definitive US led strike. Kilmeade downplays what Russia could do with its arsenal not in Syria.

At play, is the potential for a kind of modern day Cuban Missile Crisis. Bluster has been reported from Russia’s ambassador in Lebanon – something that Western mass media has featured, along with Donald Trump’s threatening tweet. Since these statements, calmer and practical views have been expressed within US mass media and the Trump administration. Neocons, neolibs and flat out Russia haters, will view a militarily weak Russia (relative to a substantial US attack on Syria) as a means of gradually reducing Vladimir Putin’s popularity in Russia.

The Western bombing regime change operations in Iraq and Libya didn’t bring greater stability to these nations. My October 9, 2015 commentary Answering Russia’s Critics On Syria remains coherent.

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This article was originally published on Strategic Culture Foundation.

Michael Averko is a New York based independent foreign policy analyst and media critic.