Global Research News

Israel Assassination of Rachel Corrie: BBC Admits Failings in Reporting By Global Research News, March 30 2013

On Tuesday 26th March, the BBC has admitted that a reference it made to Israeli soldiers dying on the same day US activist Rachel Corrie was crushed to death by an Israeli bulldozer in Gaza was not ‘duly accurate’.

Was the Iraq War to Grab Oil … Or to Raise Oil Prices? By Washington's Blog, March 30 2013

Was the Real Purpose of the Iraq War to Restrict Oil … So As to Raise Oil Prices?

U.S. Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel, 4 Star General John Abizaid, Fed boss Alan Greenspan, President George W. Bush, Senator John McCain,

The Democratization of Banking: Why Is Socialism Doing So Darn Well in Deep-Red North Dakota? By Alternet, March 30 2013

By Les Leopold

North Dakota is the very definition of a red state. It voted 58 percent to 39 percent for Romney over Obama, and its statehouse and senate have a total of 104 Republicans and only 47 Democrats. The …

The Two Sides of America’s “Economic Recovery”: Stock Markets and Food Stamps at Record Highs By Kate Randall, March 30 2013

News this past week focused attention on two economic indices in the US: record numbers of people on food stamps and a new high for the Standard & Poor’s 500 stock index. Their juxtaposition speaks to the reality of the …

Obama, Republicans Plot Sweeping Attack on Medicare By Fred Mazelis, March 30 2013

Behind closed doors, the White House and congressional Republicans are discussing a deal that would impose devastating cuts on the Medicare system and threaten tens of millions of working people.

The New York Times in a front-page article Friday reported …

Bank Depositor “Haircuts”: Grand “Financial Theft” is the Money Market’s “New Normal” By Stephen Lendman, March 30 2013

On March 29, Cyprus Mail said banks opened Thursday. They did so amid calm.

Long lines queued. People waited patiently. A feared stampede didn’t materialize. Whether it’s the calm before the storm remains to be seen.

Looting Cypriot bank accounts …

Ten Potentially Devastating Public Health Threats By Global Research News, March 30 2013

As our worlds population grows by about 70 million each year, every approaching public health crisis becomes all the more threatening. At BestPublicHealthSchools.org we decided to use this infographic to explore ten of the most troubling threats on the horizon,

Can Anyone Trust the Central Banks? A Memo from a Central Banker By Matthias Chang, March 30 2013

The memo below from the Head of the Governor’s Office and Communications of the Central Bank of Cyprus, Dr. George M. Georgiou can be said to be a genuine statement of confidence that banks’ depositors and their monies would be

US to keep Vilifying Caracas even with Chavez Dead By Mahdi Darius Nazemroaya, March 30 2013
Maduro alleged that Latin America’s “imperialist” enemies (read the US government) had infected Chávez with some type of pathological agent that caused terminal cancer.
Cyprus Postmortems: Financial Manipulation Triggers Poverty and Economic Collapse By Stephen Lendman, March 29 2013

On March 28, Cyrus Mail said banks opened for the first time in almost two weeks. They did so at midday local time. Cypriots face draconian restrictions. How they’ll react remains to be seen.

Capital controls limit withdrawals, restrict non-cash …

Genetic Engineering, Eugenics and the Ideology of the Rich By Colin Todhunter, March 29 2013

Whatever the publicly stated aims of the genetically modified organisms (GMOs) sector, and however terrible its impact is on health, the environment and cotton farmers in India, there is a much more sinister side to this industry. 

In order to …

Honduran Police State Repression By Stephen Lendman, March 29 2013

On June 28, 2009, Obama colluded with Honduran fascists. With US approval and support, they ousted Honduras’ democratically elected president.

Manuel Zelaya was arrested at home. Security forces confronted him at gunpoint.

Junta rule replaced him. Porfirio (Pepe) Lobo Sosa …

Pentagon Gears Up For Global Cyber Warfare. China Accused of Cyber Espionage By Stop NATO, March 29 2013

According to Reuters, Shanghai Jiao Tong University is the latest “collaborator” with the PLA [People’s Liberation Army] to engage in “cyber espionage.” The reason was that

“Reuters found at least three papers on cyber-warfare on a document-sharing website that were

Ground the Drones By Global Research News, March 29 2013

Stop Britain being a launchpad for killer drones.

Sign the petition to call on the government to abandon the use of drones as a weapon of war.

Sign the petition online

http://www.stopwar.org.uk/drones/

Download printable PDF petition

Initial signatories: Chris

Criminal Act: The European Union’s Financial Looting of Cyprus By Julie Hyland, March 29 2013

The bailout imposed on Cyprus by the European Union (EU) is a politically criminal act of financial looting, aimed at destroying the country’s banks and reducing the working class to penury.

In the name of avoiding state bankruptcy, the small …

Poverty in the U.S.A: Nearly 50 Million Americans on Food Stamps By Kate Randall, March 29 2013

A record number of Americans are using food stamps, known today as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). Despite official proclamations that the recession has ended and an economic recovery is underway, families are turning to SNAP benefits in record

Privatization and Land Grabbing in Spain By Esther Vivas, March 29 2013

The land is a source of wealth for a few, here and on the other side of the planet. In the Spanish State, the housing boom has left a legacy of ruinous urban development, airports (almost) without airplanes, ghost towns, …

Uzbekistan: Encircling Russia, NATO Seeks Rapprochement with Former Soviet Republics By Stop NATO, March 29 2013

Prospects of relations between Uzbekistan and NATO discussed in Tashkent

by D. Azizov

Tashkent: Perspectives of relations between Uzbekistan and NATO are discussed in Tashkent with the NATO Secretary General’ s Special Representative for the Caucasus and Central Asia James …

Cyprus: “Financial Contagion” and Economic “Shock Treatment” By Patrick Henningsen, March 29 2013

NICOSIA – In approximately three weeks time, the island of Cyprus will begin receiving its annual cash injection – from holiday tourism. That’s what’s know as a ‘good injection’.

After only a day here, it’s become very clear that the …

Canada’s Secretive Role in Iraq By Yves Engler, March 29 2013

When a US-led coalition invaded Iraq the forward-looking Canadian government stayed out of the war. And if you believe that I have a bridge for sale in Moose Jaw at an excellent price.

As part of the tenth anniversary of

It Can Happen Here: The Bank Confiscation Scheme for US and UK Depositors By Ellen Brown, March 29 2013
Confiscating customer deposits in Cyprus banks was not a one-off, desperate idea, a joint paper by the US Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Bank of England dated December 10, 2012, shows that these plans have been long in the making
“Enviro-mental”: Climate Chaos and Pollution: Air, Water, Fire and Earth By Caoimhghin Ó Croidheáin, March 28 2013

Oil on Canvas Painting by Caoimhghin Ó Croidheáin, a prominent Irish artist. 

Visit his website at http://gaelart.blogspot.ie/.

This series of paintings entitled ‘Environ-mental: Climate Chaos and Pollution ‘ is based on a combination of the classical Greek idea

Spain’s Banking Crisis By Global Research News, March 28 2013

by Ian R. Campbell

Recall that Bankia is the large Spanish bank that was partially nationalized’ in 2012, and that received 18 billion euros in new equity funds at the end of 2012.  At that time Bankia shares fell by …

Syrian Conflict: The Price of Defying the West and Obstructing a US-Israeli Attack on Iran By Tony Cartalucci, March 28 2013

An article published  by Haaretz reveals that the Syrian conflict is a punitive operation resulting from Assad defying the West and obstructing US-Israeli attack on Iran.

The article is titled, “Assad’s Israeli friend,” appears at first to be
How Obama Chose War Over Peace in Syria By Shamus Cooke, March 28 2013

 With Syria on the brink of national genocide, outside nations have only two options: help reverse the catastrophe or plunge this torn nation deeper into the abyss. Countries can either work towards a peaceful political solution or they can continue

Cancer Pandemic: Reaping the Seeds of Nuke Tests By John LaForge, March 28 2013

The warnings about fallout from nuclear tests six decades ago often noted that cancers from the radiation would probably not begin appearing in large numbers for many years. But that time is now – and medical experts are wondering whether

Obama’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network Protects Bank Fraud and Insider Trading By Tom Burghardt, March 28 2013
US spy agencies are probing and sweeping up your financial information. The administration is drawing up plans to give full access to a massive database that contains financial data on American citizens.
Confronting China: US Boosts Military Presence in Africa By Andrei Akulov, March 28 2013

President Obama has instructed the Defense Establishment to pivot its forces and reorient its efforts toward Asia. Instead, the U.S. armed forces step by step get drawn into the quagmire of messy conflicts in Africa. Recently, the United States has …

“Partnership for War”: NATO Military Training and War Games in Kazahkstan on the Borders with Russia and China By Stop NATO, March 28 2013

By A. Mukhtarov

“Kazakhstan is the most active partner of NATO in the region. The North Atlantic Alliance is appreciative of the training level of the Armed Forces of Kazakhstan. We are interested in further enhancement of bilateral defence cooperation …

Digital Grab: Corporate Power Has Seized the Internet By Norman Solomon, March 28 2013

If your daily routine took you from one homegrown organic garden to another, bypassing vast fields choked with pesticides, you might feel pretty good about the current state of agriculture.

If your daily routine takes you from one noncommercial progressive …

Targeted Killings of Civilians: Media and Public Perceptions on the Use of Armed Drones By Chris Cole, March 28 2013

Today the Royal United Services Institute (RUSI) and the University of Surrey’s Centre for International Intervention (cii) have published Hitting the Target? How New Capabilities are Shaping International Intervention.  The report examines the technological, ethical and legal issues of …

Political Meltdown in Italy: Attempts to form a Government Collapse By Marianne Arens, March 28 2013

Italy remains without a government four weeks after the country’s parliamentary elections. Last Friday, Italian President Giorgio Napolitano gave the head of the Democratic Party (PD), Pier Luigi Bersani, a mandate to form a government.

Over the last two days, …

The Scaffolding of a Police State in America: Plans to Vastly Expand Drones in US By Fred Mazelis, March 28 2013

The enormous expansion of the use of drones—Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)—over US territory has received increasing bipartisan support within the political establishment, and has provoked growing popular opposition.

Attention was called to the subject of official use of drones for …

New BRICS Development Bank Announced By Stephen Lendman, March 28 2013

In September 2006, four original BRIC nations met in New York. On May 16, 2008, Yekaterinburg, Russia hosted a full-scale diplomatic meeting.

In June 2009, Brazil, Russia, India and China again met in Yekaterinburg.

Early steps were taken to end …

The Arab League’s Historic Mistake. By Timothy Bancroft-Hinchey, March 28 2013

So, the Arab League openly takes a page out of NATO’s book and proposes to break international law by taking sides in an internal conflict in a sovereign state, Syria. The Arab League leaders probably do not notice it in …

How the Banking System Really Works … And How It Is Destroying America By Washington's Blog, March 27 2013

To understand the core problem in America today, we have to look back to the very founding of our country.

The Founding Fathers fought for liberty and justice. But they also fought for a sound economy and freedom from the …

More than 50% of US Government Spending Goes to the Military By Rady Ananda, March 27 2013

[This article was first published by Global Research in April 2010]

Recently, Live Science published a chart showing that the US spends about one-fifth of its budget on the military. But this aggregate view hides how Congress prioritizes spending, when …

U.S. Steps up War on Syria: CIA is the Anchor of a Coordinated Secret Operation By Brian Becker, March 27 2013

While pretending to be cautious about its intervention in Syria, the Obama administration has conducted a massive clandestine operation over the past two years to pump guns, heavy military equipment and money to fuel the civil war that is destroying

Orwellian Law Enforcement: Police “Stop and Frisk” Detentions in New York City By Li Onesto, March 27 2013

More than 1.6 million people live in Manhattan, New York. If every single one of these people were detained and harassed, had their pockets gone through and were humiliated…. if all these people had this done to them not only …

Cyprus Postmortems: Economic Depression is the “New Normal” By Stephen Lendman, March 27 2013

Solutions worse than problems don’t resolve them.

Cypriots face protracted hard times. Former IMF chief economist Michael Mussa explained three kinds of crises: liquidity, solvency and stupidity.

BoomBustBlog‘s Reggie Middleton says “economic depression is the new success.” It’s the …

Environmental Crisis in the Amazon due to Oil Contamination. Peru Declares State of Emergency By Global Research News, March 27 2013

 by Jeremy Hance

The Peruvian government has declared an environmental state of emergency after finding elevated levels of lead, barium, and chromium in the Pastaza River in the Amazon jungle, reports the Associated Press. Indigenous peoples in the area

Gitmo Prisoner: ‘We all died when Obama indefinitely detained us’ By RT, March 27 2013

The situation is getting desperate in Guantanamo with many of the hunger striking inmates prepared to die, federal public defender Carlos Warner told RT, stressing that his client is calling on the Obama administration to either ‘respect or kill’ them.…

Financial Crisis, Austerity, and Health in Europe By Lancet, March 27 2013

by Marina Karanikolos, Philipa Mladovsky, Jonathan Cylus, Sarah Thomson, Sanjay Basu, David Stuckler, Johan P Mackenbach, Prof Martin McKee

The financial crisis in Europe has posed major threats and opportunities to health. We trace the origins of the economic crisis

Fighting Words: Toward Freedom in Africa By Greg Guma, March 27 2013

In September 1955 an editorial column in Toward Freedom, titled “Consent of the Governed,” criticized “the tendency to make the communist issue so big that it obscured all others.” During the recent Bandung conference, which had launched the non-aligned

The Failure of Laissez Faire Capitalism and Economic Dissolution of the West By Global Research News, March 27 2013

Author’s  Note

I receive numerous questions from readers about our economic situation and the condition of civil liberty.

There is no way I can answer so many inquiries, and no need. I have written two books that provide the answers,

CIA-Contra Cocaine Scandal: The Tragic Saga of Gary Webb By H. “Corky” Johnson, March 27 2013

Starring Jeremy Renner as the late Gary Webb, the movie of Webb’s investigation of the CIA’s Contra-cocaine scandal – and of Webb’s destruction by mainstream news outlets – is set to begin filming this summer. If Hollywood gets the story

Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa: BRICS go over the Wall By Pepe Escobar, March 27 2013

Reports on the premature death of the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) have been greatly exaggerated. Western corporate media is flooded with such nonsense, perpetrated in this particular case by the head of Morgan Stanley Investment Management.…

US-led Campaign against Syria Destabilises Lebanon By Jean Shaoul, March 27 2013

Lebanon’s prime minister Najib Mikati announced his resignation and that of his Hezbollah-backed cabinet Friday, following months of political conflicts. He called for the formation of a national unity government. Mikati will continue as acting prime minister until a new …

US Sequester Cuts and the Fraud of “Political Gridlock” By Andre Damon, March 27 2013

US President Barack Obama signed a bill Tuesday that makes permanent $85 billion in sequester cuts, paving the way for the imposition of furloughs on a million or more federal workers as early as next month.

The bill, which funds …

Syria: Women’s Rights and Islamist Education in a “Liberated” Area of Aleppo By Prof Michel Chossudovsky, March 27 2013

Editor’s Note

Religious Wahhabi school and women’s rights in a  “liberated” area of Aleppo run by the US-Saudi backed “opposition”,  “a definite improvement” when compared to the prevailing system of secular education in Syria.

The following video provides an insight

Bradley Manning’s Nobel Peace Prize Nomination By David Swanson, March 27 2013

Whistleblower Bradley Manning has been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize , and he should receive it. 

No individual has done more to push back against what Martin Luther King Jr. called “the madness of militarism” than Bradley Manning. The …

War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity: The Story of U.S. Exceptionalism in Iraq By Ajamu Baraka, March 26 2013

This month marks the tenth anniversary of the U.S. attack on Iraq, one of the most egregious expressions of naked power and imperial ambition since the Second World War.

The attack defied both an outraged world opinion — expressed by

Splitting The Sky Remembered: Tribute to a Remarkable Activist By James Corbett and Splitting The Sky, March 26 2013
Iraq, 10 Years Later : Living with No Future By Dahr Jamail, March 26 2013

Back then, everybody was writing about Iraq, but it’s surprising how few Americans, including reporters, paid much attention to the suffering of Iraqis.  Today, Iraq is in the news again. The words, the memorials, the retrospectives are pouring out, and …

Expanding Guantanamo By Stephen Lendman, March 26 2013

In 2008, candidate Obama promised to close Guantanamo. Straightaway as president, he issued Executive Order titled “Review and Disposition of Individuals Detained at the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base and Closure of Detention Facilities.”

Sec. 3 states: “Closure of Detention Facilities …

Keystone Trans-Canada Pipeline: Oil Industry Insiders Wrote US State Department’s Environmental Impact Assessment By William Boardman, March 26 2013

 Conflict of Interest

So it turns out that friends of the oil industry wrote the environmental impact [1]statement[1] issued by the State Department about the Keystone XL pipeline on March 1.  That’s the report that assured people tar …

Economic Integration: Towards a North America – EU Transatlantic Free Trade Zone By Dana Gabriel, March 26 2013

 Pressure is mounting on Canada to finish up a long-delayed trade deal with the EU. Despite outstanding issues that still must be settled, there is a final push to try and complete an agreement this summer. If both sides are

Emergency Financial Manager takes over Detroit By World Socialist Web Site, March 26 2013
By Bryan Dyne

Kevyn Orr began the first day of his eighteen-month tenure as the state-appointed Emergency Financial Manager (EFM) of Detroit Monday, three days before the new emergency manager law goes into effect. Detroit is now the largest US

European Union Imposes Bank Bailout on Cyprus, Pending Conflicts with Moscow By Jordan Shilton and Chris Marsden, March 26 2013

The Cypriot government and the European Union (EU) arrived at an agreement early yesterday morning to secure a bailout of Cypriot banks and avert state bankruptcy in Cyprus.

The terms set by the bailout amount to the economic devastation of …

10 Years Later, U.S. Legacy in Iraq: Death, Disease, Devastation, Displacement By Larry Everest, March 26 2013

Ten years ago, on March 19-20, 2003, the U.S. invaded Iraq, overthrew the Saddam Hussein regime, and then occupied the country for the next eight and a half years. President George W. Bush said the U.S. went to war to

Cyberwarfare: NATO Targets “Patriotic Hackers” By Rick Rozoff and John Robles, March 26 2013

In a new directive, the “North Atlantic” Treaty Organization (NATO), has now made it part of its military doctrine to target hackers and hacktivists who are operating for “ideological, political, religious or patriotic” reasons, effectively making patriotism for a country

The Non-Aligned Road: Toward Freedom in Africa By Greg Guma, March 26 2013

In 1954 the Soviet Union tested its first hydrogen bomb. In the summer negotiations between France, Britain, Vietnam, China and the USSR ended the Indochina War. Vietnam was divided into communist and non-communist sectors, but the US refused to sign

The Cyprus Eurocrisis: The Beginning of the End of the Eurozone? By Nicos Trimikliniotis, March 26 2013

The Cyprus crisis is essentially a Eurozone crisis which threatens the very foundations of the European Union (EU). This small island economy, only 0.2 per cent of the Eurozone, is proving to be ‘systemic’ at the political, social and economic

Monetary Geopolitics: Have The Russian Oligarchs Withdrawn All Their Cash From Cyprus? By Zero Hedge, March 26 2013

On March 24, we reported on something very disturbing (at least to Cyprus’ citizens): despite the closed banks (which will mostly reopen tomorrow, while the two biggest soon to be liquidated banks Laiki and BoC will be shuttered until Thursday) …

Imperial “Justice”: Newly-Elected Kenyan President Forced to Stand Trial at the ICC By Abayomi Azikiwe, March 25 2013

Known on the continent as the “African Criminal Court” due to its exclusive indictments, prosecution and persecution of regional leaders, the International Criminal Court (ICC) has refused to drop charges against President Uhuru Kenyatta. Kenyatta was elected by over 50

Kerry Demands Iraq Stop “Arms Flow” to Syria even as US Arms/Funds Al Qaeda By Tony Cartalucci, March 25 2013

Absurd demands were put forth by US Secretary of State John Kerry, regarding Iraqi airspace and alleged aircraft passing through it with arms and cash supposedly destined for the Syrian government. The Washington Post reported in its article, “Kerry:

Financial Market Actors: The Fiction of “Regulation” of Global Banking By Eric Toussaint, March 25 2013

Markets have become too huge, complex, and fast-moving to be subject to twentieth-century supervision and regulation. No wonder this globalized financial behemoth stretches beyond the full comprehension of even the most sophisticated market participants. Financial regulators are required to

Journalists Who Got Iraq Wrong 10 Years Ago and Syria Wrong Now Should Be Sacked By Wayne Madsen, March 25 2013

Although Cable News Network (CNN) no longer reports news but blatant propaganda and worthless reports on insignificant celebrities, it and other media operations should not be permitted to engage in the same war-mongering today that they fostered ten years ago.…

Netanyahu’s Secret War Plan: Leaked Document Outlines Israel’s “Shock and Awe” Plan to Attack Iran By Richard Silverstein, March 25 2013
"The reason they leaked it is to expose the plans advanced by the Bibi-Barak two-headed warrior. Neither the IDF leaker, my source, nor virtually any senior [Israeli] military or intelligence officer wants this war".
Canada’s Secret War: IRAQ – Ten Years After “Shock and Awe” By Michael Welch, Richard Sanders, and Hans von Sponeck, March 25 2013

On the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the Iraq War, the Global Research News Hour interviews Richard Sanders of the Coalition Opposed to the Arms Trade (COAT) about the myth of Canada’s non-involvement in Iraq.

There is a follow-up

U.S.-Israeli Cyber-Sabotage of Iran: Throwing the First Cyber-Stone By Arjen Kamphuis, March 25 2013

Director of National Intelligence James Clapper calls cyber-attacks a top national security concern, but these U.S. alarms sound hypocritical after the joint U.S.-Israeli cyber-sabotage of Iran’s nuclear industry.

A few years ago, Israeli and American intelligence developed a computer virus …

US Senate Budget Proposes $975 Billion in Spending Cuts By Kate Randall, March 25 2013

The US Senate passed its first budget in four years early Saturday morning. The Democratic-controlled chamber passed a $3.7 billion budget plan for fiscal year 2014, which includes close to a trillion dollars in spending cuts, as well a modest …

US Steps up War against Syria after Obama’s “Peace” Trip to Israel By Johannes Stern, March 25 2013

After US President Barack Obama’s trip to Israel last week the US and its allies are moving ahead with plans to topple Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and install a pro-Western regime. CIA operations and calls to arm the Syrian opposition …

Obama, the Israel Sycophant By Abdel Bari Atwan, March 25 2013

Obama’s visit to the region was not that of a peace mediator, but of a warlord who came to spark its fire…

Never in my life have I seen a president that fawns over the Israelis, begs for their approval,

West Drops Syria WMD Narrative As Evidence Points to Western-Armed Terrorists By Tony Cartalucci, March 25 2013

For the US, UK, France, and its regional partners including Israel, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Qatar, nothing would have suited their interests more than if the recent chemical attack reported in Aleppo Syria turned out to be (or could have

The Civil Rights Movement and Martin Luther King: Continuing the Legacy of the Great Walk to Freedom of 1963 By Abayomi Azikiwe, March 25 2013

These remarks were delivered at a panel on the 50th anniversary of the “Great Walk to Freedom” held in Detroit on June 23, 1963. The panel was part of the 55th Annual Michigan in Perspective Local History Conference in Livonia.

Rumors of Bashar Al Assad’s Assassination are Greatly Exaggerated By Michael Collins, March 25 2013

There’s a strange story out there about Syrian President Bashar Assad’s assassination and possible death. It has little merit but the sourcing is interesting.

Gateway Pundit reported: BREAKING: Assad Shot By Bodyguard – Hospitalized in Damascus – Posted by Jim

Obama Boosts Syria Support as Congress Pushes Military Intervention By Global Research News, March 25 2013

by Samer Araabi

As the Syrian uprising enters its third year, the United States and its allies are preparing to materially increase their support of the armed opposition in Syria.

Secretary of State John Kerry pledged an additional 60 million …

Political Assassinations: Chavez Knew US Special Services Were After Him By Nil Nikandrov, March 25 2013

Hugo Chavez was not the man obsessed by the thought he was being followed and watched, that’s what the propaganda tried to make him look like. He was a politician who faced the reality and knew how hated he was

Waging Peace in the Cold War: The Non-Alligned Movement By Greg Guma, March 25 2013

In the early 1950s most publications ignored the anti-colonial campaigns in progress around the world and focused almost exclusively on the East-West “superpower” struggle between the USA and the USSR. But not Toward Freedom, which debuted at the end