Global Research News

Trade War
Trump Regime Escalates Economic War on China By Stephen Lendman, October 08 2019

The US is a declining empire, the more aggressive and widespread its malign activities, the sooner its fall from grace will arrive.  Vaunted Pentagon forces failed to defeat Taliban fighters in Afghanistan after 18 years of trying, nor Syrian resistance

Brexit: Boris Johnson Moves to Scrap Environment and GMO Safeguards to Get Deal with Trump By GMWatch, October 08 2019

When Boris Johnson used his first three speeches as UK Prime Minister to flag up his desire to “liberate” GMOs as part of Brexit, we warned that this meant his priority was doing a trade deal with Donald Trump at

China-U.S. Relations: From Trade War to Hot War? By Dr. Leon Tressell, October 08 2019

70 years ago in April 1949 the last Western military action took place on Chinese territory. The Amethyst Incident’ saw Chinese Red Army troops fire on a British warship sent to remove UK embassy staff from the Chinese capital.

Johnson’s Government Now Resorts to Threatening EU27 – Diplomatic Fallout Next? By True Publica, October 08 2019

The Johnson government has taken another desperate turn to hold on to power and is doing so in such a fashion that it could threaten the British nation-state will all sorts of implications for a very long time. These threats

Is China “Buying Brazil”? Has President Bolsonaro Changed His Aggressive Anti-China Stance? By Paul Antonopoulos, October 08 2019

In an interview with DW Brasil, former Brazilian ambassador to Beijing, Marcos Caramuru, revealed the great interest Chinese companies have in potential infrastructure work in Brazil. Even with Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro showing initial hostility towards China during his

Compensating for Forest Loss or Advancing Forest Destruction? By World Rainforest Movement, October 08 2019

The government of India, hand-in-hand with companies and conservationist NGOs, keeps pushing to expand their control over forests and evict forest-dependent communities. The February 2019 Supreme Court eviction order and a proposal for amendments to the colonial Indian Forest

Boris Johnson’s Claims on Nuclear Fusion Leave Scientists Baffled By Martin McQuillan, October 08 2019

Boris Johnson’s claims that the UK is ‘on the verge of creating commercially viable miniature fusion reactors for sale around the world’ has left scientists and industry experts baffled – as it is still decades off.

***

During his big …

Trump Escalated Wars He Inherited By Stephen Lendman, October 08 2019

Trump is no peacenik, far from it. He’s the latest in a long line of US warrior presidents — waging endless wars of aggression, and by other means, against nonbelligerent states threatening no one.

He’s the US liar-in chief, time …

The US-Brokered Taliban-India Prisoner Swap Is a Pretty Big Deal By Andrew Korybko, October 08 2019

The US-brokered Taliban-Indian prisoner swap might lead to the resumption of the Afghan peace process but the deal also carries with it somewhat uncomfortable optics for Pakistan since it was likely agreed to during US peace envoy Khalilzad’s “ice-breaking” meeting

Baby You’re a (Super) Rich Man! Mega Millionaires Run Our Corporations and our Politics By Philip A Farruggio, October 08 2019

Baby You’re a Rich Man
The Beatles

How does it feel to be
One of the beautiful people
Now that you know who you are
What do you want to be
And have you traveled very far
Far as the

US Plans Permanent Occupation of Syrian Territory? By Stephen Lendman, October 08 2019

International law is clear and unequivocal. No nation may interfere in the internal affairs of others.

No foreign military of proxy force may occupy another country’s territory. No nation may attack another state without Security Council authorization — permitted only

US-China Telecom Warfare: Myanmar Turns to China’s Huawei Despite US Pressure By Joseph Thomas, October 08 2019

The Southeast Asian state of Myanmar, despite pressure from Washington, has decided to work with Chinese telecom company Huawei to develop its national 5G communication network.

The move by Myanmar is just one among many by the entire region to …

Can the US Starve Hezbollah of Funds? By Elijah J. Magnier, October 08 2019

Over the years, researchers have copied and parroted inaccurate declassified US intelligence reports on Hezbollah’s sources of income around the world. These documents claim Hezbollah lives off selling smuggled cigarettes and illegally copied CDs or on income generated by selling

Video: Idlib Militants Retreating to Turkish Border By South Front, October 08 2019

On October 5, the Russian Aerospace Forces carried out airstrikes on positions of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham near the town of Ballisa and Agr Hilltop in southern Idlib. The strikes eliminated at least 9 militants and became a logical continuation of

For the People’s Movement, Trump Impeachment Offers Road Map to Nowhere By Richard Becker, October 08 2019

The deepening conflict over the impeachment of President Donald Trump is a struggle between factions of the capitalist ruling class and its governmental apparatus. The fight is fundamentally over which side will exercise control over the state and government with

Collective Punishment Inside U.S. Prisons Must End! Mumia Abu-Jamal and Bryant Arroyo have filed Inmate Grievances. By Prison Radio, October 08 2019

News from inside is that collective punishment is being rolled out across the state. Under the guise of their new “Violence Reduction Initiative” the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections (PA DOC) has begun punishing all inmates “associated” or on the same

US Impeachment Campaign Escalates with Claim of Second Whistleblower By Patrick Martin, October 08 2019

The conflict between President Trump and congressional Democrats escalated over the weekend, with attorneys for the CIA officer who triggered an impeachment inquiry declaring that there were other “whistleblowers” coming forward to provide testimony in support of his allegations against

A Blow to US… China to Invest $280bn in Iran Sectors Targeted by Sanctions By Middle East Monitor, October 07 2019

China is planning to invest $280 billion in Iran’s oil, gas, and petrochemical sectors that are being affected by US sanctions, according to Petroleum Economist magazine.

The energy affairs magazine quoted a senior source who was linked to the Iranian …

77 Groups Join to Counter Trump Administration Attack on “Science Advice” By Union of Concerned Scientists, October 07 2019

Political appointees in the Trump administration are already starting to eliminate science advisory committees, following a presidential executive order earlier this year directing agencies to reduce the total number of advisory committees by a third. This effort to undermine science

India-South Korea Security Cooperation. What Impacts on China? By Andrew Korybko, October 07 2019

The Chinese Communist Party-backed “Global Times” was absolutely correct in publishing an analysis last month warning that “China Should Remain Alert To Indian-South Korean Security Cooperation” because New Delhi is attempting to leverage its newfound military ties with Seoul for

The US-Iran Silent War Is Transformed into an “Iraq Uprising” By Elijah J. Magnier, October 07 2019

The last four days have shown that the ongoing US-Iran war is acutely affecting the whole region. This is now evident in Iraq where more than 105 people have been killed and thousands wounded in the course of demonstrations that

Global Research: Committed to Curbing Disinformation…With Your Help! By The Global Research Team, October 07 2019

In a “post-truth” “fake news” era, it is important now more than ever to have a reliable news source that delivers the critical analysis that is ignored or manipulated by the mainstream media. 

Global Research is committed to curbing the

Pathways to Peace By Mairead Maguire, October 07 2019

I am very happy to be with you all at this conference.  I would like to thank David Swanson and World Beyond War for organizing this important event and also all those attending for their work for peace.

I have …

Turkey’s Safe-zone and Refugee Peace-corridor in Syria Is a Cover for Encroachment and Territorial Expansion By Sarah Abed, October 07 2019

On Saturday, Turkey’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan announced that preparations have been made for a unilateral cross border air and land military operation in the next day or two, in northern Syria, east of the Euphrates River. Erdogan expressed his

Trump’s Stonewalling of Impeachment Inquiry Is an Impeachable Offense By Prof. Marjorie Cohn, October 07 2019

As three committees of the House of Representatives proceeded with the impeachment inquiry of Donald Trump, the president tweeted, “I am coming to the conclusion that what is taking place is not an impeachment, it is a COUP.”

John Lennon vs. the Deep State: One Man Against the ‘Monster’ By John W. Whitehead, October 07 2019

“You gotta remember, establishment, it’s just a name for evil. The monster doesn’t care whether it kills all the students or whether there’s a revolution. It’s not thinking logically, it’s out of control.”—John Lennon (1969)

John Lennon, born …

Why I tabled an Early-day Motion Calling for the U.K Government to Free Julian Assange By Chris Williamson, October 07 2019

The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) recently published a video entitled “Journalism is not a crime.” It boldly states that “you can’t kill the truth,” that “everyone deserves access to information,” that “it’s vital to hold governments to account” and

US institutions
Vircator Microwave Beams from Satellites against Targeted Individuals: Stop Torture and Experimentation on Citizens’ Protest By Targeted Justice, October 07 2019

There is a lot more corruption and crimes against humanity happening that people are not aware of. The hidden torture of unconsenting citizens leading us into modern day slavery. The CIA has taken control of the Military-Industrial complex and are

UK Brexit Crisis: Destructive Agenda Which Could Shape Britain for Decades to Come By Peter Oborne, October 07 2019

A man wearing tracksuit bottoms, a hoodie and an untucked shirt slouches into a Tory Party conference. He is tall, balding and in his mid-forties. 

His every move is filmed or photographed by a platoon of cameramen as he’s followed

Resounding “No” to Monsanto’s “Bogus” GM Drought-tolerant Maize By GMWatch, October 07 2019

After more than 10 years of battling Monsanto’s “bogus” drought tolerant maize project, the African Centre for Biodiversity (ACB) has welcomed the decision by the Minister of Agriculture, Ms Thoko Didiza, upholding the decision by the Executive Council: GMO

Dying Wildlife on a Warming Planet By Meena Miriam Yust and Dr. Arshad M. Khan, October 07 2019

If fish decline, so does a food source for humans and the water birds that feed on fish, and as insect pollinators decline, so do our crops and the plants around us.

***

The emaciated polar bear, a sorry remnant …

The Real Venezuela: Dignified, Indivisible and Truthful By Nino Pagliccia, October 07 2019

All those wondering who is in charge in Venezuela, should stop reading the biased and confusing corporate media and should look at who represents the country at the United Nations. The UN is not a perfect institution but it is

The Dem-CIA Impeachment. Remove Trump from the Oval Office By Renee Parsons, October 07 2019

It has been more than fascinating if not totally absorbing to watch the chain of events unfold over recent days with the Democrats in open cahoots with the CIA.  Their joint goal is to remove the implacable Donald Trump from

The Most Important Presidential Election Question (That No One Ever Asks!) By Brett Redmayne-Titley, October 07 2019

Once again, the American voter has dutifully begun their quadrennial march to futility at the hands of another election cycle full of false prophets. None seem to realize or remember that the monocracy that they hold so sacrosanct is not-

Iraq Protests: Spontaneous or Made in the USA? By Stephen Lendman, October 07 2019

Time and again, when peaceful protests turn violent in various countries, US dirty hands are involved.

There’s no ambiguity about months of protests in Hong Kong, US dirty hands all over them, local elements involved having met with Trump regime

US Hostility Toward North Korean Sovereign Independence. Why Talks Go Nowhere By Stephen Lendman, October 07 2019

The US under both right wings of its war party is militantly hostile toward nations it doesn’t control.

It’s longstanding aim throughout the post-WW II era is to transform them into client states under pro-Western puppet regimes — eliminating their

Pakistan -China -India Relations: Imran Khan’s China Visit Meant to Influence President Xi’s Upcoming India Meeting By Paul Antonopoulos, October 07 2019

Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan will arrive in Beijing on Tuesday and he will likely try to coordinate with China over the Kashmir issue to gain strong Chinese backing. It is likely that China will also be asked by Khan

If 4 Nuclear WMD Are More than Adequate for Israel’s Defence – Why Is It Armed with an Estimated 400? By Hans Stehling, October 07 2019

Because the Israeli government refuses to be a party either to the international nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) or the internationally agreed Chemical Weapons or Biological Weapons Conventions (CWC) (BWC), means that unlike the vast majority of UN Member States including

A Million-Mile Electric Car Battery? Musk Wasn’t Lying By Irina Slav, October 07 2019

When earlier this year Tesla’s Elon Musk said the company could soon have batteries lasting for over one million miles, many probably took it as yet another grand promise with less substance than realism requires. Now it seems Musk may

Trump Bucks Protests, Opens 725,500 Acres of California’s Central Coast to Oil Drilling By Center For Biological Diversity, October 07 2019

The Trump administration today dismissed protests and made a formal decision to open 725,500 acres of public lands and mineral estate across California’s Central Coast and the Bay Area to new oil and gas drilling and fracking.

The public lands …

The Netherlands-Ukraine “Secret Agreement” Regarding the July 2014 Shoot Down of Malaysian Airlines MH17 By Eric Zuesse, October 06 2019

The Netherlands Government is resisting an effort by Dutch victims’ families to find out why Ukraine’s Government, on 17 July 2014 — when the Malaysian airliner MH17 was shot down while flying over Ukraine’s civil-war zone — this passenger-plane had


Climate and the “Little Green Women and Men” By Peter Koenig, October 06 2019

The Little Green Women and Men (LGWM) are us, humanoids, especially those living in the west, believing we command Mother Earth. Well, no wonder, there is a group among us, who claims to be “God’s Chosen People” – and they

An Open Letter to “Science and Global Security” By Rick Sterling, October 06 2019

Dear Editors at Science and Global Security,

“Science and Global Security” (SGS)  has been publishing technical articles on arms control and related issues since 1989. I urge you not to succumb to political censorship.

Recently it was announced you are …

US Press Horrified by Trump’s “Shoot Migrants in the Legs” but Ignores What Israeli Snipers Do to Palestinian Protesters By Prof. Juan Cole, October 06 2019

Americans were horrified to hear that Trump wanted to have US forces at the US-Mexico border to charge migrants with bayonets or shoot them in the legs. Michael D. Shear and Julie Hirschfeld Davis at the New York Times reported

Canadian Imperialism in Haiti in the Spotlight By Yves Engler, October 06 2019

Sustained committed activism is unraveling the dominant media’s shameful blackout of Canadian imperialism in Haiti. But, the bias against putting Canadian policy in a negative light is such that small breakthroughs require tremendous effort.

On Monday 15 Haitian community members …

The Post 9/11 Era and The “Global War on Terrorism”: “You are Either with Us, or with the Terrorists” By Prof Michel Chossudovsky and Bonnie Faulkner, October 06 2019

The tragic events of September 11, 2001 constitute a fundamental landmark in American history. a decisive watershed, a breaking point. Millions of people have been misled regarding the causes and consequences of 9/11. September 11 2001 opens up an era

Can Holy Synod Vote Fairly Under Pressure from Constantinople? By Sophia Iliadi, October 06 2019

Since Kyriakos Mitsotakis was elected Prime Minister, the Church of Greece can breathe a bit freely. Threat of expelling faith from state education system blew over, as did the financial cuts for civilian services provided by the church.

However, there …

125 Million Dead + Global Starvation in Any Nuclear War By Hans Stehling, October 06 2019

Today’s London Daily Telegraph (04/10) carries a report that any nuclear war between Pakistan and India could mean up to 125 million people would die and that the consequent fires would likely cause smoke to spread across the world blocking

Video: Iran Foils Attempt to Assassinate Commander of QODS Force By South Front, October 06 2019

Turkey is fortifying its border with the Syrian province of Idlib with cement blocks, barbed wires, and other military-style structures. According to Ankara, Idlib is in the hands of the so-called moderate opposition. However, it is for some reason concerned

Secret Mueller Discussions Uncovered. Judicial Watch By Judicial Watch, October 06 2019

Rod Rosenstein, who was once a deputy attorney general, is a key figure in enabling, at a minimum, the Deep State’s seditious attacks on President Trump.

More proof is in new documents uncovered by a Judicial Watch lawsuit. Specifically, …

Hong Kong versus Iraq Protests By Stephen Lendman, October 06 2019

US dirty hands are all over months of protests in Hong Kong, including orchestrated violence and chaos, targeting China’s soft underbelly.

Opposition elements met with House Speaker Pelosi and Pompeo in Washington. They also met with US lawmakers in Montana …

“Viva la Revolución”! Will the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela Survive the Empire’s War? By Michael Welch, Dr. Maria Páez Victor, Yves Engler, and Nino Pagliccia, October 06 2019

 

“Let the dogs of the empire bark, that’s their job; ours is to battle to achieve the true liberation of our people.”

– Hugo Chavez (February, 2006) [1]

.

.

LISTEN TO THE SHOW

Click to download the audio

The Russia-Israel Spy Scandal Puts Iran in an Uncomfortable Position By Andrew Korybko, October 06 2019

The arrest of Russian anti-government journalist Yulia Yuzik by the IRGC on suspicion of spying for “Israel” and her subsequently promised release following pressure from Moscow puts Iran in the uncomfortable position of being seen as “compromising” on its ideological

Video: The Troublemaker – Behind the Scenes of the United Nations. The Legacy of Father Miguel d’Escoto Brockmann By Roberto Salinas, October 06 2019

What happens when a Latin American priest suspended by the Pope for his involvement in revolutionary politics becomes President of the General Assembly of the United Nations?

A year in the life of our only global parliament – an institution …

The Latest on the Diplomatic War Against Venezuela By Leonardo Flores, October 06 2019

According to conventional wisdom, the Trump administration, as well as its regional allies in the Lima Group and the Venezuelan opposition, were set to intensify the diplomatic war on the Venezuelan government at the U.N. General Assembly. However, they only

Brexit: A Symptom of Harmful Neoliberal Measures Which Have Undermined the EU By Shane Quinn, October 06 2019

The seemingly never-ending spectacle of Britain’s attempted exit from the European Union is part of a broader malaise affecting this association of European states. The EU is in growing difficulty and much of this is unfortunately due to its own

Bringing SNC-Lavalin to Mind in this Uninspiring Federal Election By Leo Panitch, October 06 2019

Who would have believed, just a few months ago, that the SNC-Lavalin scandal would scarcely have been registered so far as one of the key issues in the current Federal election? This has nothing to do with the short memories

Israel is an Undeclared Nuclear Weapons State By Hans Stehling, October 05 2019

The state of Israel must not be allowed to remain outside the requirements of international law. The U.N. requires all countries to be a party to the NPT and that Israel must conform to the lawful requirements of U.N. Security

The Rise of China and the Decline of American Power By Christopher Black, October 05 2019

First published in August 2019.

October 1st 2019 marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC)

The imperialist powers have a long history of colonialism in China, of reducing its people to beggars in

France Said No to US Led War against Iraq: Dominique de Villepin at the UN Security Council, February 14, 2003 By Dominique de Villepin, October 05 2019

The government of president Jacques Chirac was a historical watershed. It was the last French government which refused to align itself with US foreign policy.  It was the expression of an independent nation.

France had extensive oil interests in Iraq …

Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong Declares the Foundation of the People’s Republic of China, October 1, 1949 By Global Research News, October 05 2019

People across China are commemorating the 70th anniversary of the foundation of the People’s Republic of China on October 1st 1949.

Mao Zedong’s historic declaration. See video below

****

****

 …

US Now Admits it is Funding “Occupy Central” in Hong Kong By Tony Cartalucci, October 05 2019

This article first published five years ago on October 1, 2014 is of particular relevance to an understanding of recent developments in Hong Kong.

***

Just as the US admitted shortly after the so-called “Arab Spring” began spreading chaos across

The Deep State Goes Shallow. “Reality-TV Coup d’etat in Prime Time” By Edward Curtin, October 05 2019

This article was first published on February 21, 2017, one month after Donald Trump was sworn in as president, more than two-and-a half years ago.  What was true then is even truer now, and so I am reprinting it with

France’s Police Protest Movement: The Unspoken Truth is that their Demands are Similar to those of the Yellow Vests By Prof Michel Chossudovsky, October 04 2019

Pour la version française de cet article

In early October, The French Police conducted La March de la colère, (The “March of Anger”) directed against President Macron’s deadly economic austerity measures. “The center of Paris was paralyzed by the largest

Axis of Resistance.The West and its Allies Support al Qaeda and ISIS Globally By Mark Taliano, October 04 2019

The real Axis of Evil consists of Washington-led NATO and its allies. The magnitude of the human and environmental catastrophe is unimaginable in scope. Western governments and their agencies send strong delusion to North Americans, who remain largely ignorant to

My America: Raised by the Perpetual War Empire By Philip A Farruggio, October 04 2019

One must surmise that any ‘thinking’ citizen of ancient Rome probably felt as this writer does concerning my America, the Empire. Perpetual wars, invasions, occupations and colonization of foreign lands either were greeted with a cheerleading feeling, or with apathy

Former Ukraine President Poroshenko under Police Investigation: Fails to Appear for Polygraph Test By Padraig McGrath, October 04 2019

Former Ukrainian president Petro Poroshenko failed to appear at the Kiev Research Institute of Forensic Expertise for a polygraph test on October 1st. The test was scheduled to be conducted by Ukraine’s National Bureau of Investigations, having been authorized by

As Global Economy Weakens, Trump Escalates Trade War By Stephen Lendman, October 04 2019

Multiple rounds of Sino/US trade talks failed over unacceptable Trump regime demands and aims.

They’re unrelated to the bilateral trade imbalance — caused by corporate America shifting operations to China and other low-wage countries. 

Another round of US/China talks are …

The Conspiracy Against Trump Is Now Out in the Open By Dr. Paul Craig Roberts, October 04 2019

I am beginning to wonder if fluoridation hasn’t dropped the US IQ by much more than 5 points.

The reports, such as this one, which provide clear evidence that the alleged whistleblower spent a month arranging his complaint with

Video: Russia Tested Elements of Advanced S-500 Air Defense in Syria By South Front, October 04 2019

Syrian, Iranian and Russian forces started a joint military drill, involving heavy military equipment, rocket launchers and warplanes, on October 1, al-Watan newspaper reported on October 2. According to al-Watan, the drills coincided with a series of protests against the

Torture and Killing of Palestinians in Israeli Prisons By Stephen Lendman, October 04 2019

B’Tselem published numerous reports on Israeli use of torture and other forms of abuse against Palestinian detainees — arrested and imprisoned for political reasons.

In November 2017, the organization said the following:

“The Israel Security Agency’s (ISA) interrogation regime relies

Russia’s Largest Oil Company Ditches Dollar in New Oil Deals By Tsvetana Paraskova, October 04 2019

Russia’s largest oil company Rosneft has set the euro as the default currency for all new exports of crude oil and refined products, as the state-controlled giant looks to switch as many sales as possible from U.S. dollars to euros

Privatizing Canada’s Water Infrastructure Should be an Election Issue By Joyce Nelson, October 04 2019

With the Canadian federal election just days away, it’s amazing that there’s been no media focus on the Liberals’ plan to privatize our municipal water and wastewater systems. As far as I can determine, only one alternative media site, Press

Joshua Wong, Juan Guaido – New Generation of Pro-Western “Saints” By Andre Vltchek, October 04 2019

The new generation of “pro-Western heroes” and “saints” is clearly failing to impress the world. Juan Guaido and Joshua Wong are definitely as right-wing as Mother Teresa was, but not as “credible”.

A long time ago I visited a place …

Lawless Trump-Canada Connections By Prof. John McMurtry, October 04 2019

Canada recently seized and sold $30 million worth of Iranian properties in Ottawa and Toronto, a gross hypocrisy explains Yves Engler in light of oversights of more flagrant US and Israel terror victims. See this.

But the behaviour of …

Iran Is China’s Secret Weapon for Killing off the US Dollar’s Global Reserve Status By Federico Pieraccini, October 04 2019

There is a strong current of change affecting the international political arena. It is the beginning of a revolution brought on by the transition from a unipolar to multipolar world order. In practice, we are faced with the combination of

The Eurasian Economic Union’s Expansion Is Encouraging, but Don’t Get Too Excited By Andrew Korybko, October 04 2019

The recent meeting of the Supreme Eurasian Council in the Armenian capital of Yerevan at the beginning of October saw the reaching of a free trade agreement with the ASEAN powerhouse of Singapore and confirmation that a temporary deal will

Ukraine Gains from Trump’s Impeachment Inquiry By M. K. Bhadrakumar, October 04 2019

The controversy swirling around the phone conversation between the US President Donald Trump and Ukraine President Vladimir Zelensky regarding the business interests of former vice-president Joe Biden’s son is having a salutary effect on the conflict in Ukraine. 

The US …

What Julian Assange Really Represents By True Publica, October 04 2019

Julian Assange is facing extradition to the United States after he was forcibly dragged from the Ecuadorian embassy in London by police mid-April this year. On the 1st May, he was imprisoned for breaching bail conditions. His sentence is now

Misrepresentations of American and Soviet Roles in World War II and the Cold War By Eric Zuesse, October 03 2019

Introduction

The Soviet Union contributed more than did any other nation to the defeats of Germany and Japan in World War II, but America and Britain together defeated Italy. Many prominent Western ‘historians’ white-out the Soviet roles in defeating