Global Research News

Trump Regime Threatens New Sanctions on Firms Involved in Russia’s Nord Stream 2 Construction By Stephen Lendman, October 22 2020

Russia’s Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline to Germany will be completed and become operational in early 2021.

On Wednesday, Russia’s Energy Minister Alexander Novak announced the following:

“Nord Stream 2 will go operational by the end of 2020.”

“One of

Moldova Could be the Next Target of Western-backed Color Revolution to Pressurize Russia By Paul Antonopoulos, October 22 2020

Washington could be organizing a color revolution and mass protests in Moldova like the ones that have already gripped Belarus and Kyrgyzstan. The Moldovan elections are scheduled for November 1 and have eight presidential candidates participating. The main rivals however

An End to the Fog. Understanding the World We Live In… By Nora Fernandez, October 22 2020

Understanding the world we live in seems more confusing than ever, and, advanced technology is part of the problem, presenting information not always reliable and bringing to the front real and fake conspiracies. Our attention, often hostage of social media,

Trump Regime Exerts Maximum Pressure on Iran: A Crime Against Humanity By Stephen Lendman, October 22 2020

On Sunday, the UN arms embargo on Iran its ruling authorities voluntarily accepted ended.

Iran is now once again free to buy and sell conventional arms — what many other countries do unrestrained.

Key to understand is that the Islamic

Will Azerbaijani Gas Compete with Russia in Southern Europe? By Paul Antonopoulos, October 22 2020

The Trans-Adriatic Pipeline (TAP) will become operational in November and will deliver Azerbaijani gas from the Caspian fields to countries in southern Europe. This gives Russia a new competitor in the European energy market. This would have raised questions in

Russia and the EU: “Business as Usual” Is Over By Pepe Escobar, October 22 2020

This article was originally published on Asia Times.

Sergey Lavrov, Russia’s Foreign Minister, is the world’s foremost diplomat. The son of an Armenian father and a Russian mother, he’s just on another level altogether. Here, once again, we

Voter Suppression and Right-wing Threats Fail to Keep Millions Away from the Polls By Abayomi Azikiwe, October 22 2020

Efforts aimed at thwarting the fundamental bourgeois democratic rights of the majority of people in the United States are well underway.

President Donald J. Trump has said repeatedly that mail-in voting and early opportunities to cast ballots are inherently fraudulent …

Video: The Moment for Change Is Now. Medical Doctors Speak Out By ACU, October 22 2020

On October 10, 2020, ACU2020.org announced the world doctors’ alliance in Berlin, Germany.

It is an alliance of medical doctors, scientists and peace activists who together claim that this COVID-19 affair is just not true.

And as medical doctors, it

Bolivia: Arce’s Victory Does Not Represent a Return to Morales’ National Project By Lucas Leiroz de Almeida, October 21 2020

The great victory of the Movement to Socialism (MAS) – Evo Morales’ party – in Bolivia opens the way for a new era of change in the South American country. The positions on the Bolivian national political scene are currently

The 2020 Great Recession 2.0: The ‘On Again, Off Again’ U.S. Fiscal Stimulus Negotiations By Dr. Jack Rasmus, October 21 2020

It’s been more than three months since the March-April economic rescue package, called the Cares Act, expired at the end of July. Since then both political parties, Republican and Democrat, have played a ‘hot potato’ bargaining game: i.e. “here’s my

Freedom Triumphs Over Fascism in Bolivia if It Sticks By Stephen Lendman, October 21 2020

In November, US orchestrated fascism replaced freedom in Bolivia.

President Evo Morales’ legitimate reelection was overturned by a cadre of US recruited traitors. 

Generals and others were bribed to betray their country for the right price.

Fascism tied to US …

Yemen’s Never Ending War By Timothy Alexander Guzman, October 21 2020

Recently, US Democratic presidential candidate Joe Biden released a statement on his promise to end his country’s support for Saudi Arabia’s war in Yemen saying that “under Biden-Harris Administration, we will reassess our relationship with the [Saudi Arabia] Kingdom, end

Infection Fatality Rate of COVID-19 Inferred from Seroprevalence Data By Dr. John P.A. Ioannidis, October 21 2020

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the infection fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from seroprevalence data.

Methods: I searched PubMed and preprint servers for COVID-19 seroprevalence studies with a sample size ≥ 500 as of 9 September, 2020. I also

All Power to the Imagination: Remembering John Lennon By Megan Sherman, October 21 2020

In 1971, early one morning on a Steinway piano on his resplendent Berkshire estate, John Lennon reflected on the seismic uprising of a peaceful counterculture, of united students and workers, which could have scared a thousand kings by reviving the

Operation Moonshot: UK Says Weekly COVID Tests Could Offer “Passport to Freedom” By Robert Wheeler, October 21 2020

Those who have watched the police state grow over decades have known that as the UK goes, so does the rest of the Western world.

Unfortunately, the UK population the testing grounds for intrusive and totalitarian policies that will be

Iran Now Free to Buy and Sell Weapons Legally By Steven Sahiounie, October 21 2020

The UN Security Council arms embargo on Iran from 2007 has expired Sunday, which will allow the nation to buy weapons.  While Iran has repeatedly stated it has no intention of buying weapons of mass destruction, and WMD had no

Does this CDC Report Actually Show that Mask Wearers Are 17x More Likely to Get COVID-19? By John C. A. Manley, October 21 2020

I’m afraid I’m going to be the fact-checking party, again. I must call foul on those claiming that a recent CDC study shows mask wearers are more likely to get COVID-19 than non-mask wearers.

I hate face masks, but I

Critical Increase in the National Debt Triggered by Covid Crisis. By Justinas Baltrusaitis, October 21 2020

The debt-to-GDP ratio has emerged as a vital metric for determining economic prospects for a given country. Most countries usually strive to put in place measures to keep their ratio as low as possible.

Data presented by Buy Shares indicates …

Candidate Accountability: Demand a Commitment to a Peace and Human Rights Agenda By Black Alliance for Peace, October 21 2020

The novel coronavirus pandemic both revealed and accelerated the irreversible crisis of the global capitalist system and, consequently, the domestic conditions shaping the 2020 U.S. presidential election and every level of U.S. governance.

The Black Alliance for Peace (BAP) asserts …

Don’t Vote for a Psychopath: Tyranny at the Hands of a Psychopathic Government By John W. Whitehead, October 21 2020

Politicians are more likely than people in the general population to be sociopaths. I think you would find no expert in the field of sociopathy/psychopathy/antisocial personality disorder who would dispute this… That a small minority of human beings

MAS Returns to Power in Bolivia One Year after US-backed Coup By Arnold August, October 21 2020

Despite a year of unbridled state repression, including massacres committed against supporters of former Bolivian President Evo Morales, who was deposed just weeks after being declared the victor in the country’s October 2019 election, the left-wing Movement Toward Socialism

Trump Administration Is Paying Big Pharma Billions in Rush for Vaccine By Prof. Marjorie Cohn, October 21 2020

Desperate to distract the national discourse from his criminal mishandling of the coronavirus pandemic, Donald Trump is promising that a vaccine will be available before Election Day. His vaccine campaign is named “Operation Warp Speed” and there is a real

US Failed to Turn the Philippines Against China Despite Maritime Demarcation Issues By Paul Antonopoulos, October 21 2020

Cooperation between China and the Philippines could easily be hindered by U.S. interference in territorial disputes in the South China Sea. Washington wants to exploit Chinese-Filipino contentions in their demarcation claims over the South China Sea in an attempt to

Brazil Chooses US as Its Partner in 5G Technology, Refusing China By Lucas Leiroz de Almeida, October 21 2020

After months of controversy and discussions, Brazil has chosen to prioritize the US as a partner in 5G technology. The decision contradicts the opinion of the greatest experts on the subject, who see the choice as Brazil’s alignment to Washington

Video: Mike Pompeo About CIA: We Lied, We Cheated, We Stole By Telesur, October 21 2020

This video was first published in April 2019.

*

Note to readers: please click the share buttons above or below. Forward this article to your email lists. Crosspost on your blog site, internet forums. etc.…

Follow the Money: Banking, Criminality and the US FinCEN Files By Dr. Binoy Kampmark, October 21 2020

It was all a fitting reminder of Bertolt Brecht’s remark that bank robbery lies in the province of amateurs.  The real professionals of plunder establish banks.  Last month, the labours of Buzzfeed and the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists revealed

Internet Resources Become Weaponized By Philip Giraldi, October 21 2020

The current electoral campaign differs from that of 2016 in that the media, both conventional and online, has realized its power and has been openly playing a major role in what might well prove to be a victory across the

How Biden Flubbed Town Hall Foreign Policy Question By Medea Benjamin and Nicolas J. S. Davies, October 21 2020

Most of our leaders are still hell-bent on preserving America’s imperial power at any cost: endless wars, climate catastrophe, mass extinctions, and the terrifying risk of a final, apocalyptic mass-casualty war—most likely a nuclear war. 

Toward the end of Joe …

Global Research: An Antidote to Isolation? By The Global Research Team, October 20 2020

Dear Readers,

As the modern day world grows more and more isolated in both a literal and a figurative manner, the view points we put forth are not selected in the interest of pushing a specific narrative, but rather in …

Policies Targeting Arabs and Muslims Did Not Just Start with Donald Trump By James J. Zogby, October 20 2020

Donald Trump is not the first politician to use demonisation of foreigners, whether Arabs or Muslims, as a campaign tactic. And his administration is not the first to implement policies that have adversely affected these communities. But while we have

$18 Billion COVID Vaccine Gold Rush Threatens Horseshoe Crabs, Ocean Ecosystem By Robert F. Kennedy Jr, October 20 2020

The annual spring congregation of egg-laden horseshoe crabs on the east coast provide a vital food source for annual migrations of millions of shore birds.

The $18 billion gold rush for liability free COVID vaccines now threatens that ancient Atlantic …

Troops Coming Home from Afghanistan? Depends on Who You Ask. By Rep. Ron Paul, October 20 2020

There is a lot to cheer about when it comes to most of President Trump’s foreign policy statements. He regularly tells us he is ending foreign wars and bringing troops home. But do the people who work for him even …

New Book: The Prospect of a Kamala Harris Presidency By Max Parry, October 20 2020

With the 2020 U.S. presidential election less than a month away, there is widespread speculation concerning Democratic nominee Joe Biden’s mental and physical fitness at 77 years of age if he were to defeat incumbent Donald Trump on November

COVID Versus a Natural Catastrophe By Peter Koenig, October 20 2020

Imagine! – Tomorrow, or one of these days, a gigantic earth or seaquake would shake the Atlantic Ocean or the Pacific, or god-forbid, a meteorite would hit one of these Great Seas – triggering a monster tsunami that would devastate

How the Global Media Lost Its Way By Megan Sherman, October 20 2020

Herman and Chomsky call it the age of manufactured consent. Surrounded by propaganda, unable to determine motives behind selective presentation of content on an illusory spectrum of media choice, we yet depend on mainstream news to edify, inform our knowledge

What Are the Pharmaceutical Industry’s Connections to Schools of Public Health? By Prof. Bill Willers, October 20 2020

Dr. Eric Rubin, an adjunct professor at Harvard’s T.H. Chan School of Public Health, has been Editor-in-Chief of the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) since 2019. On October 8, 2020, an editorial in the Journal, “Dying in a

US Seeks to Prolong Terrorism in Syria, Not Defeat It By Tony Cartalucci, October 20 2020

Recent attacks on Syrian positions from terrorists of the self-proclaimed “Islamic State” (ISIS) and the release of thousands of prisoners in US-occupied eastern Syria illustrate how Washington is demonstratably prolonging instability in Syria as part of its promise to transform

The Expiry of The Iranian Arms Embargo By Andrew Korybko, October 20 2020

The 13-year-long anti-Iranian arms embargo expired on the 18th of October, which creates opportunities for the Islamic Republic to strengthen its national defense capabilities and cultivate even deeper relations with its top strategic partners such as China and Russia, possibly

Sloppy Methodology: Social Media, Censorship and New York Post’s Hunter Biden Story By Dr. Binoy Kampmark, October 20 2020

It was highly probable.  Given the howls of concern that social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook nurse and nurture a bias (every choice on content entails one), a gift was made to critics to show just that.  Last

America’s “Corona 2020 Great Depression”: US Federal Budget Deficit Hits $3.1 Trillion By Prof Michel Chossudovsky, October 20 2020

On March 11, the governments of 193 member states were ordered to close down their national economies as a means to combating V-The Virus.

Corporate bankruptcies, mass unemployment and poverty: The closure of the planet’s real economy has triggered a

The Biden Campaign and China’s Oligarchs By Nauman Sadiq, October 19 2020

In two bombshell reports, Emma-Jo Morris and Gabrielle Fonrouge of the New York Post have leveled damning allegations of Hunter Biden’s murky financial dealings with Ukrainian and Chinese oligarchs. As expected, $50,000 remuneration paid by Burisma Holdings of Ukraine

People Need to Reclaim the Internet By Craig Murray, October 19 2020

No matter how much you dislike Trump, only a fool can fail to see the implications for public access to information of the massive suppression on the internet of the Hunter Biden leaks.

This blog has been suffering a ratcheting …

Where Are the Borders of the State of Israel? Why Do They Refuse to Demarcate Them? By Majdi Khaldi, October 19 2020

When you ask any Israeli government official or diplomat about the borders and map of the State of Israel, surely you will not get a clear answer. Successive Israeli governments, backed up by the Zionist movement worldwide, have ambitions to

Scotland – The Road to Independence. “Trick the System”? By Konrad Rękas, October 19 2020

Support for the independence of Scotland has been growing steadily and has remained at 58% for several months. As the latest poll adds, as many as one third of those voting against independence in the 2014 referendum – would support

Video: “Don’t be Afraid of the Virus”: American Doctors Speak Out on Misinformation Surrounding the Coronavirus By One America News Network, October 19 2020

 A group of medical experts from around the country are speaking out against misinformation surrounding the coronavirus.

The doctors gathered on the Supreme Court steps in the nation’s capitol Saturday October 17, 2020 to inform Americans not to be afraid

Energy Research Platform Takes Central Stage Under Russia’s BRICS Chairmanship By Kester Kenn Klomegah, October 19 2020

After the Ufa declaration in 2015, BRICS, an association of five major emerging economies that includes Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, has made energy cooperation one of its priorities besides attaining an admirable significant influence on regional affairs

The US Military/Security Complex Is Destroying Both Peace and the US Economy By Dr. Paul Craig Roberts, October 19 2020

Secretary of Defense Mark Esper is a former Raytheon lobbyist and another example of President Trump’s penchant for frustrating his own policies by appointing to power people who oppose his policies.  Why does Trump think he can expect a representative

October 1967: Che Guevara Is Executed By History.com Editors, October 19 2020

This article was first published on History.com in November 2009.

On October 9, 1967, socialist revolutionary and guerilla leader Che Guevara, age 39, is killed by the Bolivian army. The U.S.-military-backed Bolivian forces captured Guevara on October 8 while

Berlin Does Not Lead the EU Independently but Rules It Under American Oversight By Paul Antonopoulos, October 19 2020

In July I hypothesized that “Germany’s presidency over the EU may be the most important junction in the bloc’s history since the collapse of the Soviet Union. The world is on the cusp of a multipolar order with a more

Chilean Government Agrees with New Constitution, but Vetoes New Constituent Assembly By Lucas Leiroz de Almeida, October 19 2020

Chile has been experiencing violent popular protests for over a year. The general dissatisfaction with the government of Sebastián Piñera and his allies has generated strong unrest in the country, which has worried the Chilean political elite. In this sense,

Pandemic to Trigger $4 Trillion Loss in Global Real GDP in 2020 By Justinas Baltrusaitis, October 19 2020

The coronavirus induced recession has plunged many countries into economic uncertainty as a result of the severe containment measures. As expected, the pandemic has triggered massive losses in different sectors of the economy which can be reflected in metrics like

The Year of Disguises By Roger W. Koops, October 19 2020

2020 is a year of disguises. Some examples include computer models/modelers disguised as “science/scientists,” Tyrants/Dictators/Totalitarians disguised as “elected officials,” propaganda machines disguised as “news sources,” brainwashing disguised as “information,” censorship disguised as “public health safeguard,” panic and fear disguised as

Two Deep Mysteries of the 1973 Arab-Israeli War By Eric Margolis, October 19 2020

Forty-seven years ago, Egypt and Syria launched a massive surprise attack on Israeli forces dug into fortifications along the Suez Canal and Golan Heights. The ‘limited’ Arab objective was to recapture both strategic areas that had been seized from the

Antiwar Forces Need to Challenge Trudeau Government, Not Praise It By Yves Engler, October 19 2020

Should antiwar forces challenge power or praise government officials in the hopes of getting some crumbs for their pet issue?

Douglas Roche’s recent Hill Times column suggests the latter. In an article extolling Canada’s new ambassador to the UN Roche

This Is What Happens When Sunnis and Shiites Agree in Lebanon By Elijah J. Magnier, October 19 2020

French President Emmanuel Macron does not want his initiative for Lebanon to fail. His initial path was not successful because he did not possess the political acumen necessary to confront the tricks of the Lebanese politicians. Macron wrongly believed that

History: Rhodesia’s 1970’s “Dirty War”: A Tale of False Flag Terror and War Crimes By Adeyinka Makinde, October 19 2020

The war fought during the 1970s in the nation state formerly known as Rhodesia was an asymmetric conflict which pitted the Rhodesian Security Forces against the militias of Black African liberation movements, most prominent of which were ZANLA and ZAPU.

Why Are Fauci, Redfield, and the “Presstitutes” Deceiving Us About the Masks? By Dr. Paul Craig Roberts, October 19 2020

Twitter, the Censor and Explainer Controller for the Deep State, removed a tweet from White House Covid adviser Dr. Scott Atlas who reported accurately that the masks people are wearing do not prevent the transmission of Covid-19.

As I have …

In Defense of Thought and Speech: A Reflection on Criticisms Leveled Against Scholars at New York University By Prof. Daniel Broudy, October 19 2020

Let no one say — without a vigorous challenge — that the so-called ‘new normal’ is not profoundly ab-normal, absurd, hideous, and intolerable. That conscious and concerned men and women of the world’s self-perceived beacon of freedom, liberty, and civil

Between a Forgotten Colony and an Abandoned Prefecture: Okinawa’s Experience of Becoming Japanese in the Meiji and Taishō Eras By Dr. Stanisław Meyer, October 19 2020
Forced Labour in Imperial Japan’s First Colony: Hokkaidō By Pia M Jolliffe, October 19 2020
Iran Free to Buy and Sell Arms By Stephen Lendman, October 19 2020

Security Council Res. 2231 (adopted July 14, 2015 — effective January 16, 2016) affirmed the landmark JCPOA nuclear deal with Iran unanimously.

It also retained an arms embargo on Iran for five years, a provision its ruling authorities accepted and …

Diana Johnstone’s Memoir: Circle in the Darkness By Dr. Galina Litvinov De Roeck, October 19 2020

Diana Johnstone’s memoir Circle in the Darkness is immensely absorbing. It recounts events one is familiar enough from reading the papers or watching the news, but then it takes you from what you think you know to what you

China Fires Health Officials after New COVID-19 Outbreak By Asharq Al-Awsat, October 19 2020

A hospital president and the director of the health commission in the northern Chinese city of Qingdao have been fired after China’s latest coronavirus outbreak, authorities said Thursday.

A brief notice on the Qingdao city government’s official microblog Thursday said …

Reality – Britain’s Brexit Nightmare By Mike Small, October 19 2020

The inevitable is happening before our eyes. The long predicted – and carefully curated – collapse of talks with the EU has happened as the die-hard Brexiteers who prorogued parliament and ejected long-standing members of the Conservative Party complete their

Catholic Priest Is Sentenced to Time Served after 2018 Break-in at Nuclear Naval Base By Yonat Shimron, October 19 2020

Since his arrest nearly three years ago on trespassing charges after invading a nuclear submarine base with six others as part of a symbolic nuclear disarmament action, the Rev. Stephen M. Kelly has been held in a Brunswick, Georgia, county

Military Bases Never Go Unused By David Swanson, October 19 2020

If, like me, you have the unfortunate habit of pointing out the dishonesty of the cases made for various wars, and you begin to persuade people that the wars are not actually for the eradication of the weapons of mass

Nagorno-Karabakh Ceasefire 2.0? By Stephen Lendman, October 19 2020

An October 9 Russia-brokered ceasefire between Armenia and Azerbaijan in Nagorno-Karabakh (NK below) failed to take hold.

On Saturday, warring sides again agreed to halt fighting, effective Sunday, citing humanitarian reasons.

An Azeri Foreign Ministry statement said the following:

“The …

America Is Complicit, as Yemen Spirals toward Mass Starvation By Prof. Juan Cole, October 19 2020

Mark Lowcock of the United Nations gave an impassioned and apocalyptic speech on Thursday warning that 4 million Yemenis who had been receiving aid no longer are, because of a shortfall in donor contributions, and the country could be on

Towards a US-China War? The Creation of a Global Totalitarian System, A “One World Government”? By F. William Engdahl, October 18 2020
The dominant dynamic defining world geopolitics is the appearance of a genuine irregular conflict between the 2 most formidable powers on the planet: China & the US. Only this time the aim is a universal totalitarian system. David Rockefeller called it a “one world government.”
Covid-19: The Great Reset – Revisited. Scary Threats, Rewards for Obedience… By Peter Koenig, October 18 2020
The Great Reset book is full with predictions of things that will or may happen, and threats, like the world will never be the same again, and we are just at the beginning of the Reset, worse is to come – or the Great Transformation, as the IMF calls what is coming.
Will the Mediterranean Sea Save Lebanon from Drowning in Debt? By Steven Sahiounie, October 18 2020

The Lebanese population faces between six to twelve hours of electricity cuts per day, and in some rural areas, there is simply no electricity provided by the government grid. Amid the backdrop of decrepit infrastructure, government corruption, devalued currency, and

Beauty and Its Elements By Jenn Zhu, October 18 2020

Everybody likes beauty, such as the beautiful things and beautiful people. It seems that humans are born to possess the ability to appreciate beauty, even though not so many people had ever thought about what it is. Obviously the sense

Video: Azerbaijani Successes in Karabakh Conflict Come Together with War Crimes By South Front, October 18 2020

The Azerbaijani Armed Forces have been developing their advance on Armenian positions in the contested Nagorno-Karabakh region. As in the previous several days, the main clashes are taking place in the southern part of Karabakh.

As of October 16, Azerbaijani …

Barrett Is Poised to Become the Most Radical Right-Wing Member of Supreme Court By Prof. Marjorie Cohn, October 18 2020

During her Supreme Court confirmation hearing before the Senate Judiciary Committee, Amy Coney Barrett refused to say that voter intimidation is illegal, that armed poll watchers are intimidating, that voter discrimination exists, whether the president could deny someone the right

POTUS Punk vs. Dem Dementia By Pepe Escobar, October 18 2020

The whole planet is enthralled, appalled, shocked and awed by the spectacle of democracy as enacted under the shadow of messianic imperialism – complete with a slew of slimy, smoking gun October Surprises.

We’re in total Frank Underwood territory. And …

Bill Gates: ‘A Second Wave of (COVID) Vaccines Will Come Next Year’ After the First By Arjun Walia, October 18 2020

What Happened: Bill Gates recently appeared on NBC news stating that after the first generation of COVID vaccines becomes available, a second wave of vaccines will then hit the market, letting the public know that the COVID vaccine will be

Playing Russian Roulette with a COVID-19 Vaccine By Richard Gale and Dr. Gary Null, October 18 2020

America, we need to have a conversation. It is a very serious and dire conversation that has been intentionally ignored and swept under the rug for far too long.  It concerns a dialogue that our entire mainstream media, in its

Dropped Prosecutions: The Afghan Files, Public Interest Journalism By Dr. Binoy Kampmark, October 18 2020

In July 2017, two journalists working for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Dan Oakes and Sam Clark, wrote of a stash of incriminating documents, running into hundreds of pages.  They were “secret defence force documents leaked to the ABC”.  These documents

Running Out of Time… October Surprise Redux? By Philip Giraldi, October 18 2020

There is considerable speculation in Washington about a so-called October Surprise being engineered by either party to change the outcome of the upcoming election. The original October Surprise took place in 1980, when Ronald Reagan’s campaign manager William Casey conspired

In Afghanistan, American Troops Patrol the Same Routes Their Fathers Did By Alan MacLeod, October 17 2020

Thousands of US soldiers continue to pace and patrol exactly the same routes as their predecessors did in 2001, fighting a seemingly endless conflict that both the American and Afghan public have long since soured on.

***

Nineteen years …